Inhalation Risk Assessment Through Passive Smoking: Research Findings by IIT-Delhi
A research study conducted by a group of researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi focused on assessing the inhalation risks associated with passive smoking. The study involved surveying 142 individuals who were divided into different groups based on age and exposure levels. Risk analysis was done for children, pregnant women, and adults in various exposure scenarios. The research included data on nicotine content, probability, severity, fault tree analysis, and risk characterization. Various parameters such as cigarette intake, nicotine content, sensitivity index, and assumptions were used to evaluate the hazard quotient for different groups. The research findings provide valuable insights into the health risks posed by environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure.
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INHALATION RISK ASSESSMENT THROUGH PASSIVE SMOKING GROUP MEMBERS: - PRAGYA AGRAWAL(2013AST2050), PRIYA (2013CEW2212), SANDEEP SARNA (2013CEW2214) Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi, New Delhi-110016 (INDIA) Email: arunku@civil.iitd.ac.in Contact No.: 011-26591166
Data Collection: 142 Persons are surveyed They are divided according to Brand of Cigarette and Age. Nicotine content of each Brand and Bidis was found and Risk Analysis was done Groups Group A: Children under 15 yrs. Group B : Pregnant women & Group C : Adults Most Exposed : 6 % Nicotine Intake Least Exposed : 1 % Nicotine Intake Probability and Severity Table Sr. No. Event Severity Probability 1 Children Most Exposed to ETS Catastrophic Frequent 2 Children Averagely Exposed to ETS Marginal Probable 3 Pergenant Lady Most Exposed to ETS Critical Frequent 4 Pergenant Lady Averagely Exposed to ETS Adults Most Exposed to ETS Marginal Probable 5 Critical Frequent 6 Adults Averagely Exposed to ETS Negligible Probable
Fault Tree Non-Carcinogen effect of ETS (Nicotine) to a passive smoker or Inhalation of ETS (Nicotine) by subject at public places Inhalation of ETS (Nicotine) by subject at Home Inhalation of ETS (Nicotine) by subject at office premise and and and Subject passing nearby and inhales cigarette smoke Presence of ETS (Nicotine) in the public environment Subject passing nearby and inhales cigarette smoke Subject passing nearby and inhales cigarette smoke Presence of ETS (Nicotine) in the office premise Presence of ETS (Nicotine) in Home and and and Presence of Nicotine in Cigarette of Smoker Presence of Nicotine in Cigarette of Smoker Presence of Nicotine in Cigarette of Smoker Smoker smokes At Public place Smoker smokes At Home Smoker smokes Inside office premise
Risk Characterization: Hazard Quotient Base Hazard Quotient (low value, high value) Pregnant Lady Most Exposed Distributio n of Parameter Children Adults Parameter Avg. Exposed Avg. Exposed Most Exposed Avg. Exposed Most Exposed Cigerrette Intake (no. of Cig./day) Nicotine Content (mg/cigerette) (In most exposed group) Nicotine Content (mg/cigerette) (In avg. exposed group) Sensitivity Index (Cig. Intake) Sensitivity Index (Nicotine Content)) 85.84 3.57 (1.34, 7.6) 28.6 (10.73,60.8) 1.2 15.32 (5.74,32.5) 0.64 8 (3, 17) 0.6438 (0.5973, 0.9402) 0.1073 (0.0995, 0.1567) (32.19,182.41) (0.44, 2.53) (0.24, 1.35) 85.84 28.6 (26.54, 41.7) 15.32 (79.64, 125.36) (14.22, 22.38) 3.57 (3.31, 5.22) 1.2 (1.1,1.74) 0.64 (0.59, 0.93) 85.84 3.57 28.6 1.2 15.32 0.64 85.84 3.57 28.6 1.2 15.32 0.64 Assumptions Involved: Exposure Duration for Most Exposed Group Exposure Duration for Avg. Exposed Group = = 4 Hr per Day 1 Hr per Day Parameter Body Weight (Kg) RfD of Nicotine (mg/(Kg.day) Children Pergenant Lady Adults 20 50 70 0.0005 0.0006 0.0008
CONCLUSIONS AND RESULTS:- Avoided zone: Accepted by Waiver : Chidren, Pregnant Lady (average exposed) Routingly Accepted zone : Adults (average exposed) Chidren, Pregnant Lady and Adults (most exposed) Effect on Children:- Most Exposed 85.84 High Risk (Must be Avoided) Average Exposed 3.57 Low Risk Effect on Pregnant Lady Most Exposed 28.6 High Risk (Must be Avoided) Average Exposed 1.2 Low Risk Effect on Pregnant Lady Most Exposed 15.32 High Risk (Must be Avoided) Average Exposed 0.64 Acceptable Risk
