Nouns of II Declension in Latin Grammar
Learn about the nouns of the second declension in Latin grammar, including the different forms of masculine, feminine, and neuter nouns, along with exceptions and examples. Explore the system of endings, Greek nouns of the second declension, and suffixes used in this declension.
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DECLINATIO II SECOND DECLENSION
Nouns of II declension Nom. sing. Gen. sing. -us, -er -i masculine sirupus, i m (sirupe) musculus, i m (muscle) cancer, cri m (cancer) paediater,trim(paediatrician) neuter -um, -on -i infusum, i n (infusion) organon, i n (organ) ligamentum, i n (ligament) Exceptions: feminine (-us, -er in Nom. sing.): diameter, tri f (diameter) periodus, i f (period) Cerasus, i f (cherry) crystallus, i f (crystal) neuter (-us in Nom. sing.): virus, i n (virus)
System of the endings of the second declension singularis m, f pluralis m, f n n N. -us, -er -um, -on N. -i -a G. -i -i G. - rum - rum D. -o -o D. -is -is Acc. -um -um, -on (=Nom.) Acc. -os -a (=Nom.) Abl. - - Abl. -is -is
Example of declension: masculinum in -us sirupus, i m (sirupe) singularis sirup-us pluralis sirup-i N. N. G. sirup-i G. sirup- rum D. sirup-o D. sirup-is Acc. sirup-um Acc. sirup-os Abl. sirup- Abl. sirup-is
Example of declension: neutrum in -um (Nom.=Acc.; Nom. pl.=Acc. pl.=-a) infusum, i n (infusion) singularis infus-um pluralis infus-a N. N. G. infus-i G. infus- rum D. infus-o D. infus-is Acc. infus-um Acc. infus-a Abl. infus- Abl. infus-is
Greek nouns of II declension acrom on, i n acromial process colon, i n large intestine enceph lon, i n brain ganglion, i n ganglion olecr non, i n tip of the elbow basion, i n basion opisthion, i n opisthion skel ton, i n skeleton
Example of declension: neutrum in -on (Nom.=Acc.; Nom. pl.=Acc. pl.=-a) colon, i n (large intestine) singularis col-on pluralis col-a N. N. G. col-i G. col- rum D. col-o D. col-is Acc. col-on Acc. col-a Abl. col- Abl. col-is
Suffixes of the nouns of the second declination Suffixes Meaning Examples diminishing suffixes tuberculum, i n (tubercle), ramulus, i m (small branch) tubulus, i m (tubule, any small tubular structure) -ul-, -cul- the result of some action ligamentum, i n (ligament) medicamentum, i n (medicines, drugs) -ment- the place of the action aquarium, i n (<aqua, ae f), terrarium, i n (<terra, ae f), sanatorium, i n (<sanatus, a, um) -ori-, -ari- the disease state botulismus, i m (<botulus, I m), cocainismus, i m (<Cocainum, i n) -ism- the names of medications Papaverinum, i n, Chininum, i n, Mentholum, i n Bromidum, i, n, ChIoridum, i, n, Nitridum, i, n -in-, -ol- the names of chemical substances -id-
Abbreviations Lig. Ligg. ligamenta M. musculus Mm. musculi N. nervus Nn. nervi R. ramus Rr. rami ligamentum
Exercises Put terms in Nom. sing., Gen.sing., Nom.pl., Gen.pl. and translate into English: skeleton humanum brachium dextrum intestinum crassum ligamentum arteriosum lobus medius musculus deltoideus nervus subclavius palatum durum planum medianum sulcus caroticus ganglion oticum collum anatomicum
Exercises Translate terms in Latin and make grammar analysis: groove of greater petrosal nerve internal acoustic opening aperture (opening) of cochlear canaliculus greater tympanic spine anterior ethmoidal cells superior facet of rib lateral pterygoid muscle muscles of soft palate frenulum of lower lip mucous membrane of stomach fundus solitary lymphoid nodules
Exercises Complete the terms and put in Gen. sing., translate into English: sulcus, i m / nervus, i m digitus, i m / medius, a, um fundus, i m / oculus, i m porus, i m / acusticus, a, um canaliculus, i m / osseus, a, um ramus, i m /mandibula, ae f septum, i n /nasus, i m brachium, i n / sinister, tra, trum manubrium, i n / sternum, i n ligamentum, i n / flavum, a, um ganglion, i n / oticus, a, um cingulum, i n / membrum, i n dorsum, i n / sella, ae f
Exercises Decline: musculus digastricus (digastric muscle) intestinum crassum (large intestine) skeleton humanum skeleton of the human body) oc lus dexter (right eye) diam ter transversa (transverse diameter) (human skeleton,
Exercises Translate the following terms:
Exercises Translate: sulcus carpeus fundus ventriculi digitus minimus oculus dexter bulbus oculi musculus rectus collum uteri labium externem musculus transversus collum scapulae
EXERCISES Write the endings in terms: ram cum tympanic chorda; ram ad gangli branch to ganglion; adit ad antr aditus to antrum; ram ad nerv branches to nerves; ram ad medull madulla (marrow); glandul sine duct glands without ducts; ram cum ram branch with branch; ram cum arteri branch with artery. chord branch with branches to
Exercises Add the endings and translate: intra coron dent per fissur oss apud coll dent atrium dextr arteria brachi profund labium intern
Exercises Define the case and translate: ligamenta gangliorum septi tuberculis dentinum
Exercises Transform the number and translate: atri rum Cav intestina colli ligamentis labii acromion ganglia
Exercises Comment the abbreviations:
