Understanding Transpiration Process in Plants

 
Evaporation & Transpiration
 
Do now activity:
 
1.
What are some structural
differences between the xylem and
the phloem vessels?
 
2.
In which part of the leaf are you
more likely to find stomata?
 
3.
Explain the role of the stomata in
the plant.
 
GOOD PROGRESS:
- 
Identify
 the structure of the guard cells and
stomata
 
OUTSTANDING PROGRESS:
- 
Explain
 the process of transpiration in a plant
 
Progress indicators
 
All over the leaf surface are small openings called stomata.
The stomata can be opened when the plant needs to allow
air into the leaves.
 
The size of the opening is controlled by the guard cells.
This in turn controls the carbon dioxide going into the leaf
and the oxygen and water vapour leaving it.
 
Guard cells & stomata
 
Water loss from the leaves
 
When the stomata are open, plants lose water vapour
through them as well. The water vapour evaporates from
the cells lining the air spaces and then passes out of the
leaf through the stomata by diffusion.
 
This loss of water vapour is known as 
transpiration
.
 
1.
What is transpiration?
 
2.
What is an adaptation of root hair cells?
 
3.
How is water pulled up through the plant?
 
4.
Why is water needed by the plant?
 
5.
What are some environmental factors that affect the rate
of transpiration?
 
6.
Explain what happens to the guard cells in order to make
the stomata:
 
a) Open
 
b) Closed
 
Task
: 
Watch the video and answer the following
questions:
 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kv_0udatlh8
 
Self-assessment:
 
1.
Transpiration is the evaporation of the water from the aerial parts of a
plant – leaves & stem
 
2.
An adaptation of a root hair cell is that it has a large surface area so more
water can be absorbed.
 
3.
Evaporation of water from the surface of the leaf causes a transpiration
pull, this moves water into the roots, up through the stem and into the
leaves. Water is cohesive (sticks together) so this results in a transpiration
stream
 
4.
Water is needed for photosynthesis and to keep the plant cells turgid – this
supports the plant.
 
5.
Environmental factors affecting the rate of transpiration are: light
intensity, temperature, wind, humidity.
 
6.
a) When water is taken into the guard cells by osmosis this results in
turgidity of the guard cells, as they fill and bend this opens the stomata
 
b) When water leaves the guard cells the guard cells become flaccid, this
closes the stomata.
Describing transpiration
 
1. Water is lost from
the leaf by
evaporation, through
open stomata
2. Water moves up through
the stem and into the
leaves to replace water lost
by evaporation
3. Water
moves into the
roots from the
soil by osmosis
– this replaces
the water
moving up the
stem
 
Task: 
Write a short passage explaining 
how water moves
through a plant
 during the process of 
transpiration
.
 
Try and use as many of the key words below as possible and
use the diagram to help you!
leaves
evaporation
water
diffusion
stomata
transpiration
stem
roots
cohesion
xylem
 
Task: 
Exams question practice
9 marks = 9 minutes
 
Self-assessment:
 
Q
1
.
(a)     (i)      guard (cells)
allow phonetic spelling
1
(
i
i
)
 
 
 
 
 
a
n
y
 
o
n
e
 
f
r
o
m
:
ignore reference to cells
•        allow carbon dioxide to enter
a
l
l
o
w
 
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
 
l
o
s
s
 
/
 
e
v
a
p
o
r
a
t
i
o
n
 
o
f
 
w
a
t
e
r
 
o
r
 
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
 
t
r
a
n
s
p
i
r
a
t
i
o
n
 
r
a
t
e
•        allow oxygen to leave.
allow ‘gaseous exchange’
1
(b)     (i)      200
correct answer gains 2 marks with or without working
allow 1 mark for 0.1 × 0.1 = 0.01 (mm
2
)
2
(ii)     more / a lot of / increased water loss
allow plant more likely to wilt (in hot / dry conditions)
1
(c)     (i)      0.12
1
(ii)     the lower surface has most stomata
1
stomata are now covered / blocked (by grease)
1
so water cannot escape / evaporate from the stomata
ignore waterproof
to gain credit stomata must be mentioned at least once
1
[
9
]
 
(ii)     more / a lot of / increased water loss
allow plant more likely to wilt (in hot / dry conditions)
1
(c)     (i)      0.12
1
(ii)     the lower surface has most stomata
1
stomata are now covered / blocked (by grease)
1
so water cannot escape / evaporate from the stomata
ignore waterproof
to gain credit stomata must be mentioned at least once
1
[
9
]
 
Self-assessment:
 
Plenary: 
Write down 6 key
words from the lesson today!
 
1.
What is transpiration?
 
2.
What is an adaptation of root hair cells?
 
3.
How is water pulled up through the plant?
 
4.
Why is water needed by the plant?
 
5.
What are some environmental factors that affect the
rate of transpiration?
 
6.
Explain what happens to the guard cells in order to
make the stomata:
 
a) Open
 
b) Closed
 
1.
What is transpiration?
 
2.
What is an adaptation of root hair cells?
 
3.
How is water pulled up through the plant?
 
4.
Why is water needed by the plant?
 
5.
What are some environmental factors that affect the
rate of transpiration?
 
6.
Explain what happens to the guard cells in order to
make the stomata:
 
a) Open
 
b) Closed
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Explore the intricate process of transpiration in plants, focusing on the roles of stomata, guard cells, and water movement. Learn about the structural differences between xylem and phloem vessels, stomata's function in regulating gas exchange, and how environmental factors impact transpiration rates. Dive into the self-assessment of transpiration knowledge and discover the importance of water in maintaining plant health and photosynthesis.


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  1. Evaporation & Transpiration Do now activity: 1. What are some structural differences between the xylem and the phloem vessels? 2. In which part of the leaf are you more likely to find stomata? 3. Explain the role of the stomata in the plant.

  2. Progress indicators GOOD PROGRESS: - Identify the structure of the guard cells and stomata OUTSTANDING PROGRESS: - Explain the process of transpiration in a plant

  3. Guard cells & stomata All over the leaf surface are small openings called stomata. The stomata can be opened when the plant needs to allow air into the leaves. The size of the opening is controlled by the guard cells. This in turn controls the carbon dioxide going into the leaf and the oxygen and water vapour leaving it.

  4. Water loss from the leaves When the stomata are open, plants lose water vapour through them as well. The water vapour evaporates from the cells lining the air spaces and then passes out of the leaf through the stomata by diffusion. This loss of water vapour is known as transpiration.

  5. Task: Watch the video and answer the following questions: 1. What is transpiration? 2. What is an adaptation of root hair cells? 3. How is water pulled up through the plant? 4. Why is water needed by the plant? 5. What are some environmental factors that affect the rate of transpiration? 6. Explain what happens to the guard cells in order to make the stomata: a) Open b) Closed https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kv_0udatlh8

  6. Self-assessment: 1. Transpiration is the evaporation of the water from the aerial parts of a plant leaves & stem 2. An adaptation of a root hair cell is that it has a large surface area so more water can be absorbed. 3. Evaporation of water from the surface of the leaf causes a transpiration pull, this moves water into the roots, up through the stem and into the leaves. Water is cohesive (sticks together) so this results in a transpiration stream 4. Water is needed for photosynthesis and to keep the plant cells turgid this supports the plant. 5. Environmental factors affecting the rate of transpiration are: light intensity, temperature, wind, humidity. 6. a) When water is taken into the guard cells by osmosis this results in turgidity of the guard cells, as they fill and bend this opens the stomata b) When water leaves the guard cells the guard cells become flaccid, this closes the stomata.

  7. Describing transpiration 1. Water is lost from the leaf by evaporation, through open stomata 2. Water moves up through the stem and into the leaves to replace water lost by evaporation 3. Water moves into the roots from the soil by osmosis this replaces the water moving up the stem

  8. Task: Write a short passage explaining how water moves through a plant during the process of transpiration. Try and use as many of the key words below as possible and use the diagram to help you! leaves evaporation water diffusion stomata transpiration stem roots cohesion xylem

  9. 9 marks = 9 minutes Task: Exams question practice

  10. Self-assessment: Q1. (a) (i) guard (cells) allow phonetic spelling 1 (ii) ignore reference to cells any one from: allow carbon dioxide to enter allow control loss / evaporation of water or control transpiration rate allow oxygen to leave. allow gaseous exchange 1 (b) correct answer gains 2 marks with or without working allow 1 mark for 0.1 0.1 = 0.01 (mm2) (i) 200 2 (ii) allow plant more likely to wilt (in hot / dry conditions) more / a lot of / increased water loss 1

  11. Self-assessment: (ii) allow plant more likely to wilt (in hot / dry conditions) more / a lot of / increased water loss 1 (c) (i) 0.12 1 (ii) the lower surface has most stomata 1 stomata are now covered / blocked (by grease) 1 so water cannot escape / evaporate from the stomata ignore waterproof to gain credit stomata must be mentioned at least once 1 [9]

  12. Plenary: Write down 6 key words from the lesson today!

  13. What are some environmental factors that affect the What are some environmental factors that affect the Explain what happens to the guard cells in order to Explain what happens to the guard cells in order to How is water pulled up through the plant? How is water pulled up through the plant? What is an adaptation of root hair cells? What is an adaptation of root hair cells? Why is water needed by the plant? Why is water needed by the plant? What is transpiration? rate of transpiration? What is transpiration? rate of transpiration? make the stomata: make the stomata: b) Closed b) Closed a) Open a) Open 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 1.

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