Understanding Thermal Power Plants: Overview and Operation
Thermal power plants play a crucial role in converting heat energy into electricity for various applications. This article covers the definition, layout, working principle, and components of thermal power plants, highlighting their advantages and top features. From converting heat into mechanical power to generating high-pressure steam, these plants are essential for energy production. Learn how fuel is processed, water is converted to steam, and the overall efficiency of thermal power plants. Explore the world of thermal power generation with this comprehensive guide.
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StudyMafia.Org Thermal Power Plant Submitted To: Submitted By: Studymafia.org Studymafia.org
Table Contents Definition Introduction Layout of Thermal Power Plant Working of Thermal Power Plant Components of Thermal Power Plant Advantages of Thermal Power Plant Top Thermal Power Plant Conclusion 2
Definition A thermal power Plant / Station is used to convert heat energy to electric power / Energy for household and commercial applications. 3
Introduction In the process of electric power generation, steam-operated turbines convert heat in to mechanical power and then finally electric power. In thermal power plants, the heat energy obtained from combustion of solid fuel (mostly coal) is used to convert water into steam, this steam is at high pressure and temperature. 4
Layout of Thermal Power Plant Thermodyne Engineering Systems has a wide experience in boiler manufacturing that generate high pressure and temperature steam required to rotate the turbine and generate electricity. Along with steam boiler we also have experience in providing energy solutions to our customers thereby saving you a lot on the operating cost. 5
Working of Thermal Power Plant The fuel is transported from mines via trains to the fuel storage facility in a power plant. The fuel transported to the plant is generally bigger in particle size and before it is fed to the boiler furnace it is broken down into smaller pieces using crushers. The fuel is then fed to the boiler generating a large amount of combustion heat. 7
Working of Thermal Power Plant On the other hand treated water free from impurities and air is fed to the boiler drum where the combustion heat from the fuel is transferred to water to convert it into high pressure and temperature steam. Generally, flue gases from the boiler exhaust are at high temperature and if this heat is not utilized will lead to a large number of losses resulting in reduced boiler efficiencies. 8
Working of Thermal Power Plant So generally this waste heat is recovered by heating either air required for combustion or preheat water before sending it into a boiler. Flue gases are then allowed to pass through a dust collector or a bag filter to arrest dust particles so as to prevent air pollution before sending it to the atmosphere through a chimney. 9
Working of Thermal Power Plant 10
Components of Thermal Power Plant Fuel storage and handling plant The most essential part of any power plant is to store the fuel safely in an appropriate amount so that the plant can run smoothly in normal days as well as when the supply of fuel from mines is improper 11
Components of Thermal Power Plant Water Treatment Plant In thermal power, plant water is used in large quantity this water is converted into steam and used to rotate the turbine so this water and steam come into direct contact with the boiler, boiler tubes, boiler accessories, and turbine blades. 12
Components of Thermal Power Plant Steam Boiler A boiler is a pressure vessel which is used to generate high-pressure steam at a saturated temperature. At this high pressure and temperature generally, bi- drum water tube boilers are used. 13
Components of Thermal Power Plant Turbine A turbine is a mechanical device which converts the kinetic and pressure energy of steam into useful work. 14
Advantages of Thermal Power Plant Steam power plants are economical (initially) as compared to power generation plants. Plants required less area to setup as compared to hydra power plants. Overall efficiency of power plants is low, which is 35-40%. 15
Top Thermal Power Plant The Vindhyachal Thermal Power Station in the Singrauli district of Madhya Pradesh , with an installed capacity of 4 , 760MW , is currently the biggest thermal power plant in India 16
Conclusion A thermal power station is a type of power station in which heat energy is converted to electrical energy. In a steam-generating cycle heat is used to boil water in a large pressure vessel to produce high-pressure steam, which drives a steam turbine connected to an electrical generator. 18
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