Ancient African Civilizations and Kingdoms
Explore the rich history of ancient African civilizations and kingdoms, including the Kingdom of Egypt, Kingdom of Kush, and Kingdom of Aksum. Learn about significant leaders like King Menes and Queen Nefertiti, and discover the remarkable achievements and cultural advancements of these societies in Africa.
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African Civilizations
Kingdom of Egypt The start of the ancient Egyptian civilization is known as the Early Dynastic Period. It was the start of Egypt being ruled by dynasties. A dynasty is a ruling family that passes leadership down through the family line.
Kingdom of Egypt Egypt is located in the northeast of Africa toward the top of the Nile River. One of the main reasons that the ancient Egyptian civilization was able to thrive because of its access to the Nile River.
Leaders of Ancient Egypt King Menes: He was responsible for uniting Upper and Lower Egypt into one civilization King Khufu: Built the Great Pyramid of Giza King Tutankhamun (Tut): He took the throne when was 9 years old! Queen Nefertiti: Famous queen of ancient Egypt
Kingdom of Kush Kingdom of Kush also referred to as Nubia. Nubia was located just below Egypt to the south. Today, the country of Sudan is where Kush used to be. In battle, Kush was famous for its archers and the bow and arrow were often depicted in the art of Ancient Kush. The region was called the Land of the Bow because of its famous archers.
Kingdom of Kush Their main sources of wealth were iron and gold. The iron and gold mines were located close to the Nile river. Famous leader of Kush was Piye who conquered Egypt.
Kingdom of Aksum Kingdom of Aksum was located in East Africa in the area known as the Horn of Africa. The kingdom covered much of the current day country of Eritrea as well as Ethiopia, Sudan, Yemen and Saudi Arabia. Kingdom of Aksum was one of the more advanced cultures of Ancient Africa. They developed a written language and minted their own coins.
Kingdom of Aksum Kingdom of Aksum had access to several different trade routes including major waterways such as the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden, and the Nile River. Merchants traded in a wide variety of products including salt, gold, ivory, gems, cloth, glass and olive oil.
Leaders of Aksum King Solomon: Wise ruler Queen Sheba: Wife of King Solomon King Menelik: Son of King Solomon & Queen Sheba. Kingdom of Aksum was founded by King Menelik King Ezana: Expanded its territory by becoming a major trade center
Ajuran Empire Located in the Horn of Africa, modern day Somalia. Built many fortresses and castles. The wealthy and metropolitan city of Mogadishu was famous for its fine fabrics, which its merchants would trade all over the world via the Indian Ocean.
The Ghana Empire The Empire of Ghana was located in West Africa, present day Senegal, Mali and Mauritania Major rivers in the region such as the Gambia River, Senegal River, and the Niger River served as the means of transportation and trade. The main source of wealth was the mining of iron and gold. The Empire Ghana was often nicknamed the Land of Gold .
The Mali Empire The Empire of Mali was located in West Africa, modern day Mali, Niger, Senegal, Mauritania, Guinea, and the Gambia. The great wealth of Mali came from gold and salt mines The Mali Empire controlled important trade routes across the Sahara Desert to Europe and the Middle East
Sundiata Keita: Formed the Mali Empire. Nicknamed Lion King because his name was derived from the word jata, which means lion . Mansa Musa: Richest king of all time. Leaders of Mali Empire
Kingdom of Benin Kingdom of Benin was located in West Africa, present day Nigeria. The great wealth of the Kingdom of Benin came from gold, ivory, copper and the kingdom s artwork. Kingdom of Benin developed relationship with the Portuguese. Queen Idia was a warrior and first woman to fight for the kingdom.
