Understanding Tabulation in Statistical Analysis
Tabulation is a crucial aspect of statistical analysis, involving the logical arrangement of quantitative data in columns and rows with explanatory details. It serves various objectives such as simplifying complex data, economizing space, facilitating comparison and analysis, saving time, depicting trends, and aiding reference. Components of a table include the title, box head (column captions), stub (row captions), main body, prefatory notes, footnotes, and source details. Adhering to general rules of tabulation ensures clarity and attractiveness in presenting data.
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TABULATION OF DATA MR.CHITHRAVEL.V ASST.PROFESSOR ACN
INTRODUCTION TO TABULATION DEFINITION According to Tuttle, A statistical table is the logical listing of related quantitative data in vertical columns and horizontal rows of numbers, with sufficient explanatory and qualifying words, phrases and statements in the form of titles, heading and footnotes to make clear the full meaning of the data and their origin
OBJECTIVES OF TABULATION 1. To simplify the complex data 2. To economize space 3. To facilitate comparison 4. To facilitate statistical analysis 5. To save time 6. To depict trend 7. To help reference
Components Of Table 1. Table number 2. Title of the table 3. Caption / Box head 4. Stub 5. Body / Field 6. Head note 7. Foot note 8. Source data
1) The Title: A title is the main heading written in capital shown at the top of the table. It must explain the contents of the table and throw light on the table as whole different parts of the heading can be separated by commas there are no full stop be used in the little. (2) The Box Head (column captions): The vertical heading and subheading of the column are called columns captions. The spaces were these column headings are written is called box head. Only the first letter of the box head is in capital letters and the remaining words must be written in small letters. (3) The Stub (row captions): The horizontal headings and sub heading of the row are called row captions and the space where these rows headings are written is called stub. (4) The Body: It is the main part of the table which contains the numerical information classified with respect to row and column captions.
(5) Prefatory Notes : A statement given below the title and enclosed in brackets usually describe the units of measurement is called prefatory notes. (6) Foot Notes: It appears immediately below the body of the table providing the further additional explanation. (7) Source Notes: The source notes is given at the end of the table indicating the source from when information has been taken. It includes the information about compiling agency, publication etc
General Rules of Tabulation: A table should be simple and attractive. There should be no need of further explanations (details). Proper and clear headings for columns and rows should be need. Suitable approximation may be adopted and figures may be rounded off. The unit of measurement should be well defined. If the observations are large in number they can be broken into two or three tables. Thick lines should be used to separate the data under big classes and thin lines to separate the sub classes of data.
Stub Caption Total headings (rows) Subhead Subhead Column- Column Column- Column head head head head Stub Entries Total (columns) Foot note : Source note:
REQUIREMENTS OF GOOD STATISTICAL TABLES 1. Suit the purpose 2. Scientifically prepared 3. Clarity 4. Manageable size 5. Columns and rows should be numbered 6. Suitably approximated 7. Attractive get-up 8. Units 9. Average and totals 10.Logical arrangement of items 11.Proper lettering
Types of tables 1. Simple and Complex tables. 2.General purpose and special purpose tables. 3.Original and derived table.
Advantages of classification and tabulation 1. Clarifies the object 2. Simplifies the complex data 3. Economic space 4. Facilitates the comparison 5. It helps in references 6. Depict the trend
Disadvantages of classification and tabulation 1. Complicated process 2. Every data can not be put into tables 3. Lack of flexibility
