Understanding Migration: Key Terms, Factors, and Case Study on Syria
Explore the concepts of migration including key terms such as migrant, immigrant, and refugee. Learn about the push and pull factors influencing migration, and delve into a case study on forced migration in Syria due to civil war. Understand the consequences faced by Syrian refugees, their perilous journeys, and the global impact of forced migration.
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19 Migration Migration 19
19 19.0 Migration Migration Learning Intentions You will be able to: Explain the key terms associated with migration. Describe the push and pull factors that can influence migration. Describe a range of causes of individual, group or organised migration. Explain a range of consequences of migration. Discuss the impact of globalisation on migration.
19 19.1 People on the Move Migration Throughout history, people have moved or migrated from one place to live in another. Internal migration is where people move from one place to another within a country. International migration is where people leave one country to go live in another country.
19 19.1 People on the Move Migration Key Terms Term Meaning Migrant A person who moves from one place to another to find work or better living conditions. Immigrant A person who comes to live in a foreign country. Emigrant A person who leaves their own country to live in another. Refugee An immigrant given special permission to live in another country because of war, natural disasters or persecution. Asylum Seeker An immigrant looking to be accepted as a refugee in another country. Internally displaced person A person forced to flee his or her home but who remains within his or her country s borders. Forced migration When someone is forced to move due to war or famine. Individual migration When a person moves from one country or district to another. Organised migration Planned migrations of people carried out by governments or other agencies.
19 19.2 Why People Migrate Push and Pull Factors Migration
19 19.3 Forced Migration Migration Case Study: Syria Causes of the forced migration Since 2011, a devastating civil war has raged in Syria. To date, over 250,000 people have died. Over the past six years, more than 4.8 million people have fled Syria for the relative safety of temporary camps in Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan. These people have no jobs and very little hope of a better life. A Syrian refugee camp in Turkey
19 19.3 Forced Migration Migration Case Study: Syria Consequences of the forced migration Thousands of Syrians have made very dangerous journeys across the Mediterranean Sea, cramped into overcrowded and unsafe boats, to flee the war. Sadly, many of these boats have sunk, with many lives lost. About 10% of Syrian refugees have sought safety by travelling to Europe. This has caused conflict among European governments over the numbers of refugees each country can take in. The Irish Naval Service assists in rescuing refugees from the sea. Life jackets and rubber raft Syrian refugees in Greece
19 19.3 Forced Migration Migration Case Study: Syria The dispersal of Syrian refugees throughout the world.
19 19.3 Forced Migration Migration Case Study: Syria Push Factors Pull Factors Barriers to Migration War Hope of a better life Lack of finance to fund the move Employment Fear for personal safety Leaving family behind Destruction of schools, hospitals, water supplies, sanitation Education for young people Great danger involved in travelling to safety Safe housing Economy destroyed, lack of employment Access to food and clean drinking water
19 19.4 Individual Migration Migration Case Study: Edelle s Story Born and raised in County Monaghan. Edelle migrated from Monaghan to Dublin for college. Edelle then worked as a teacher in Dublin. After eight years of teaching, Edelle and her fiance emigrated to Sydney, Australia. Edelle as as teacher Sydney, Australia Monaghan Dublin
19 19.4 Individual Migration Migration Case Study: Edelle s Story Push Factors Pull Factors Barriers to Migration No local universities that had the course Edelle wished to study Educational opportunities in Dublin Financial costs of living in Dublin Employment opportunities in Dublin Selective Australian visa process for over thirties Need to go to university to meet education goals Social opportunities Leaving family and friends behind Diverse culture Salary and lifestyle in Australia
19 19.5 Organised Migration Migration Case Study: The Plantation of Ulster In 1609, English and Scottish Protestants were sent by King James I of England to confiscate and settle on land taken from the native Irish.
19 19.5 Organised Migration Migration Case Study: The Plantation of Ulster Causes of the organised migration King James I of England wanted to rule over the entire island of Ireland and to put a stop to rebellions taking place. Ulster had been the strongest of the four provinces in the struggle against British rule. King James I wanted to civilize Ulster and to introduce the Protestant religion and English customs to the region. English and Scottish settlers were promised good farmland and a better life in Ulster.
19 19.5 Organised Migration Migration Case Study: The Plantation of Ulster Consequences of the organised migration The plantation resulted in new religions being brought to the region: Protestantism and Presbyterianism were introduced to Ulster and became the majority religions. Before the plantation, Irish was spoken in Ulster. During the plantation, the English language was introduced. English farming methods were introduced, with more crop- growing and less cattle farming than before. English and Scottish customs and cultures were introduced to Ulster during the plantation.
19 19.5 Organised Migration Migration Case Study: The Plantation of Ulster Push Factors Pull Factors Barriers to Migration Unemployment was rising in Scotland. Tenant farmers were desperate enough to leave their homes to travel to Ulster in the hope of a better life. Cheap land was promised. There was fear of attacks by the native Irish. Some planters wanted to introduce their religious beliefs and customs to help the native Irish. New planters were expected to build large castles to protect themselves, which was costly and took time. England and Scotland were becoming overpopulated.
19 19.6 Globalisation and Migration Migration Globalisation has introduced network factors that have influenced migration, including: The free flow of information Improved global communications Faster and lower cost of moving from one place to another
19 19.6 Globalisation and Migration Migration Positives of migration for the migrant Immigration can provide a supply of low-cost workers for some countries. Upon return, migrants bring new skills which can help to improve the economy in the country of origin of the migrant. Emigrant workers may send money home to families in their home nations, which can be an important source of income to these countries. The creation of a multi-ethnic society increases understanding and tolerance of other cultures.
19 19.6 Globalisation and Migration Migration Negatives of migration for the migrant Immigrants can face discrimination, or be accused of lowering wages or of being associated with crime. For the economies of the country of origin, emigration can lead to a loss of well- educated young people (brain drain). Migration of men and young families can cause a loss of cultural leadership and traditions in the country of origin.
19 Migration Video: Syrian Refugees in Turkey
