Understanding High-Tech Cheating in Academic Settings

High-tech cheating involves using gadgets and technologies like smartphones and calculators to cheat academically. This form of cheating also includes utilizing websites that provide cheating resources and using technology to facilitate low-tech cheating methods. The reasons behind student cheating, who is more likely to cheat, and the ethical implications of such behavior are explored. Strategies to prevent and address academic dishonesty are crucial in maintaining academic integrity.

• Academic integrity
• High-tech cheating
• Student ethics
• Academic dishonesty
• Technology in education

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1. High Tech Cheating Linette Koren, Librarian/Liaison for KGCOE/GIS and CAST/SET, Electronic Resources Librarian Susan Mee, Global Education Librarian and Distance/Online Learning Library Coordinator

2. Pay Me to Do Your Homework! Cheating Your Way to an A We get you an A or a B or else it s free!

3. What is High Tech Cheating? Cheating using gadgets and technologies such as smartphones, calculators, and other PDA devices Using web sites that offer the means to cheat (paper mills, textbook problem solutions, test sharing sites) Using technology (such as YouTube videos) to learn about and then implement low tech solutions (soda bottles, t-shirts, baseball caps, pens)

4. The Study The Ethics of American Youth (2012) A Report Card on Students Values, Attitudes, and Behavior Josephson Institute, Center for Youth Ethics

5. Who is Cheating? Source: Cheating Your Way Through College: The Numbers. Best College Reviews. (2014).

6. Males and Females Frequency of Test Cheating Josephson Institute. (2012). The Ethics of American Youth Survey.

7. Who Cheats? Low and High GPA Students Student Athletes Business and Honor Students Fraternity and Sorority Members Students with Heavy Workloads Confused, Unprepared and/or Stressed Students Men Seem More Likely Than Women Anyone Might, but Not Everyone Will!

8. Reasons Students Cheat Others are Cheating and Getting Better Grades Peer Pressure To Help a Friend No Honor Code or Class Policy Stated Chances of Being Caught are Low More Emphasis on Grades than Learning Academic Pressure (loss of scholarship, etc) Heavy Workloads, Time Pressure Shift in Ethics Attitude

9. Is It Cheating? Survey Findings in Response to Ethical Questions 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% "In the real world, successful people do what they have to do to win, even if others consider it cheating." "A person has to lie or cheat sometimes to succeed." "People who are willing to lie, cheat, or break the rules are more likely to succeed than people who are not." "It's not cheating if everyone is doing it." Agreed Disagreed Josephson Institute (2012). The Ethics of American Youth Survey

10. In the News: Why Study? College Hackers are Changing F s to A s Ohio State University Disciplines 85 Veterinary Students The New Cheating Economy Chronicle of Higher Ed Harvard 2012: Almost half of 279 students investigated for cheating on take-home exam

11. More Findings College Entrance Exam: 20 Students in NYC hired to take SAT and ACT Exams for others. $500-$3,600 payments 2011-12: 32 States reported canceling, invalidating, or nullifying test scores due to suspected or confirmed cheating. Dartmouth charges 64 students cheating in Sports Ethics course - 2015 2009 Josephson Institute Study identified connections between high school cheating and dishonesty in later life, including at work, relationships and on taxes.

12. BBC.Com March 2015

13. International Students 70% - Application essays ghostwritten 50% - Altered high school transcripts 90% - Provided false recommendations SAT Fraud Illegal copies of tests Foreign Students Seen Cheating More than Domestic Students Wall Street Journal

14. Paper Mill Sites/Contract Cheating Sites studymode.com brainia.com antiessays.com helpmyessay.com Unemployedprofessors.com

16. Textbook Solutions .

17. Plagiarism Detection Services Turnitin.com: 15,000 Institutions; 140 countries 60+ billion webpages; 600+ million student papers; 154+ million journal articles, periodicals and books Students look for ways to cheat Turnitin.com YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= tX8yj8T1ZpQ MOSS: Measure of Software Similarity

18. Article Spinning

19. Videos YouTube videos are a high tech means to show students how to cheat in high tech and low tech ways 10 Clever Ways to Cheat Soda bottles T-shirts, Hoodie Strings Pencil tapping https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=maW9sqxsQvQ&t=74s http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=91lQK5SCzlQ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BZg_G8djiHY&feature=related https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ok0_K1aVpOk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TGG7m3XSDjc

20. The technologies Smart phones have Internet access, voice recording and playback options, notetaking apps, cameras, and text messaging capabilities MP3 players play more than music; they can have audio files of student recorded data as well as lists Calculators are programmable and can hold text, formulas, and more (TIs are used for SATs and AP exams) Wireless earphone and microphones allow for whispering questions and answers

21. Preventing High Tech Cheating See handout Ethics Best practices Technological methods Low tech methods

22. Questions / Comments? Presentation and Additional Resources: Academic Integrity Website: http://www.rit.edu/twc/academicintegrity/