Understanding Fowl Pox in Avian Species: Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis
Fowl Pox, caused by Avipoxvirus, is a contagious disease in birds characterized by wart-like nodules and diphtheritic membranes in the throat and mouth. It has multiple forms, including dry pox, wet pox, and coryza-like form, with varying clinical signs. The disease spreads through mosquitoes, biting insects, and direct contact. Differential diagnosis includes vitamin A deficiency, infectious coryza, and mycoplasmosis. Post-mortem lesions mirror the clinical signs, aiding in diagnosis.
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poultry diseases 2 fourth stage second semester lecture 4 part 1 Fowl Pox Dr.HarithAbdulla Department of Pathology and Poultry Disease College of Veterinary Medicine University of Basrah University of Basrah- College of veterinary medicine- Department of Pathology and Poultry Disease
O Fowl POX ( Avian POX Fowl POX ( Avian POX ) ) An infectious disease of avian species ,characterized by wart-like nodules on the skin and diphtheritic membranes in mouth, larynx , esophagus and trachea. The disease may occur in any age . O Incubation period Incubation period : :( 6-14 )days . O Course of the disease Course of the disease : :( 3- 4 ) weeks. O Mortality Mortality : About 1-2% .
Virus: Virus: Belongs to the Avipoxvirus ,family Poxviridae . Types of virus Types of virus: 1. Fowl poxvirus ( chicken poxvirus ) . 2. Turkey poxvirus. Canary poxvirus Quail poxvirus. 5. Pigeon poxvirus. There is some cross species infectivity with the various viruses with the exception of canary poxvirus which specific for canaries. Etiology: 3. 4.
Method of spread 1. Mechanical transmission by: a. Mosquitoes. b. Biting insects . 2. By contact through abrasions. 3. Aerosol.
Clinical signs: There are three forms of the disease :. 1- Skin form Skin form : Dry pox ( Cutaneous form ): Shows wart- like lesions on the comb, wattles, eyelids and other unfeathered parts of the body .It starts as whitish foci which develops into nodules,then sloughed and scab appear before final healing . 2-Diphtheritic type Diphtheritic type: Wet pox .Yellow patches on the surface epithelium of mouth , larynx ,trachea and esophagus. Removing of these lesions left eroded or ulcerated area. 3-Coryza Coryza like form like form : Infection of the nasal chambers accompanied by Coryza-like signs
OPost mortem lesions Post mortem lesions: Same as signs
Differential diagnosis 1. Vitamin A deficiency. 2. Infectious Coryza. 3. Infectious Bronchitis. 4. Infectious Laryngotracheitis. 5. Mycoplasmosis. 6. Newcastle Disease ( Respiratory form) 7. Aspergillosis 8. Airsacculitis. 9. Avian Influenza ( Respiratory signs ) 10. Trichomoniasis. 11. Physical damage.
Diagnosis: 1. Typical lesions . 2. Histopathology : Intra-cytoplasmic inclusions with ballooning degeneration. 3. Viral isolation. 4. Experimental infection.
Treatment: No treatment. Removal of scabs around the eyes or mouth will facilitate eating or drinking. Prevention: Prevention: 1. Vaccination. A A- -Fowl poxvirus vaccine : More virulent. B B- - Pigeon poxvirus vaccine : Less virulent 2. Both vaccines are given via the wing-web .
