Trauma Narratives: A Narrative Perspective
Listening to stories of trauma from a
narrative perspective
Wendy Patterson
Propp’s classic model of narrative
1
mapped
onto
my model of a trauma narrative
2
equilibrium
turbulence
disequilibrium
action
intervention
restoration of modified
version of equilibrium
X liminal zone
Y numbness, madness
retraumatisation
resolutions?
narrative meaning-making
1. Propp, V. ([1928]1968).
Morphology of the Folktale
(trans. L. Scott) Austin: University of Texas Press
2. Patterson, W. (2000). Reading Trauma: Exploring the relationship between narrative and coping.
Unpublished PhD thesis. Nottingham Trent University.
Electronic copy available:wendy@journalofhandsurgery.com
1. X liminal zone Y: ‘
I was just doing
X when Y’
3
•
equilibrium disturbed/ XY structure
•
the construction of suddenness
•
the destruction of agency
•
the liminal zone
•
imaginary stories and their evaluative role
•
the injustice of traumatic experience
4
3. Wooffitt, R. (1992)
Telling Tales of the Unexpected
. Hemel Hempstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf
4. Janoff-Bulman, R. (1996)
Shattered Assumptions. Towards a New Psychology of Trauma.
New
York: The Free Press
2. Disequilibrium: numbness,
madness and retraumatisation
•
metaphor and the dialectic of trauma
5
•
the specificity of the meaning of ‘mad’ behaviour
•
retraumatisation; XY structure
•
imaginary stories and the reverse face of history
•
rendering the experience
6
•
the narrative as testimony to the self who has
survived and as archive of the life lost.
5. Herman, J. L. (1992)
Trauma and Recovery.
London: Basic Books
6. Ricoeur, P. (1991) Life in Quest of Narrative in D. Wood (ed.)
On Paul Ricoeur. Narrative and
Interpretation
. London: Routledge
3. Narrative meaning-making
•
causation
•
blame
•
guilt and fighting talk
•
comparators as evaluative devices
7
•
social- and self-comparisons
8
7. Labov, W. (1972)
Language in the Inner City: Studies in the Black English Vernacular.
Oxford:
Basil Blackwell
8. Taylor, S.E., Wood, J.V. and Lichtman, R.R. (1983) It Could Be Worse: Selective Evaluation as a
Response to Victimization.
Journal of Social Issues
39(2):19-40
4. Resolutions
?
endings are two-fold/Janus faced: an ending
(the outcome or result), and a beginning, the
beginning of a life beyond the trauma is
contained in the ending of the trauma story, and
the ending of the trauma story is contained
within a new beginning, or the promise of a new
beginning.
Exploring trauma narratives through the lens of Wendy Patterson Propp's classic narrative model, this study delves into the restoration of equilibrium, the disruption of disequilibrium, and the intervention actions within the liminal zones of trauma narratives. It emphasizes narrative meaning-making, the construction of suddenness, and the evaluation of traumatic experiences to find resolutions and new beginnings beyond the trauma story.
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Listening to stories of trauma from a narrative perspective Wendy Patterson Propp s classic model of narrative1 mapped ontomy model of a trauma narrative2 restoration of modified version of equilibrium equilibrium turbulence disequilibrium intervention action X liminal zone Y numbness, madness retraumatisation narrative meaning-making resolutions? 1. Propp, V. ([1928]1968). Morphology of the Folktale (trans. L. Scott) Austin: University of Texas Press 2. Patterson, W. (2000). Reading Trauma: Exploring the relationship between narrative and coping. Unpublished PhD thesis. Nottingham Trent University. Electronic copy available: wendy@journalofhandsurgery.com
1. X liminal zone Y: I was just doing X when Y 3 equilibrium disturbed/ XY structure the construction of suddenness the destruction of agency the liminal zone imaginary stories and their evaluative role the injustice of traumatic experience4 3. Wooffitt, R. (1992) Telling Tales of the Unexpected. Hemel Hempstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf 4. Janoff-Bulman, R. (1996) Shattered Assumptions. Towards a New Psychology of Trauma. New York: The Free Press
2. Disequilibrium: numbness, madness and retraumatisation metaphor and the dialectic of trauma5 the specificity of the meaning of mad behaviour retraumatisation; XY structure imaginary stories and the reverse face of history rendering the experience6 the narrative as testimony to the self who has survived and as archive of the life lost. 5. Herman, J. L. (1992) Trauma and Recovery.London: Basic Books 6. Ricoeur, P. (1991) Life in Quest of Narrative in D. Wood (ed.) On Paul Ricoeur. Narrative and Interpretation. London: Routledge
3. Narrative meaning-making causation blame guilt and fighting talk comparators as evaluative devices7 social- and self-comparisons8 7. Labov, W. (1972) Language in the Inner City: Studies in the Black English Vernacular.Oxford: Basil Blackwell 8. Taylor, S.E., Wood, J.V. and Lichtman, R.R. (1983) It Could Be Worse: Selective Evaluation as a Response to Victimization. Journal of Social Issues 39(2):19-40
4. Resolutions? endings are two-fold/Janus faced: an ending (the outcome or result), and a beginning, the beginning of a life beyond the trauma is contained in the ending of the trauma story, and the ending of the trauma story is contained within a new beginning, or the promise of a new beginning.
