Trade Defixiones: A Comparison with Legal Curses
Trade defixiones, particularly illustrated by the curse against Phanagora and Demetrios, involve invoking dark forces to harm business rivals and curse their enterprises. These curses are distinct from legal curses, serving as tools for competition and vengeance in ancient society, targeting individuals and their property. The curse binds enemies through rituals and spells to ensure their ongoing suffering, reflecting the deep-seated beliefs in supernatural retribution.
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Presentation Transcript
What constitutes a trade defixio? And what separates this from legal curses? Or other defixiones? See Gager 160 #66
Who are the targets? Who are the cursers?
1 Hekate Chthonia, Artemis Chthonia, Hermes Chthonios: 2 cast your hate upon Phanagora and Demetrios, 3 and their tavern and their property and their possessions. 4 I will bind my enemy Demetrios, and Phana- 5 -gora, in blood and in ashes, 6 with all the dead. Nor will the next four-year cycle release you. 7 I will bind you in such a bind, 8 Demetrios, as strong as is possible, 9 and I will smite down a kynotos [dog s ear] o? n [your] tongue. MT11948; Translation Jessica Lamont
