The Importance of the Metric System
Metric System Notes
Directions
First, in order to view this presentation properly you must
select "Slide Show” then choose “From Beginning”. Use the
arrow keys to change slides.
Next, as you go through the presentation take notes on
metric measurement. DO NOT WRITE EVERYTHING. Read the
information carefully
,
then write a summary of the important
information on that page (usually only one or two
sentences).
•
Page titles
are underlined
. They
tell you what you are
learning about,
so those should be the
subtitles within
your notes.
•
To help you,
important
information is in bold
. Not all
pages will require note taking.
•
Be sure to read
each page
carefully!
Title of your notes:
Using the Metric System
Tools
Units
Symbols
Prefixes
Converting Within the Metric System
Scientists around the world use the International System of
Measurements, (SI) or Metrics, to measure distances, volumes,
masses, and temperatures
.
In fact,
most countries use
the metric system of
measurement.
Metric System
The countries in red are
NOT using the metric
system as a standard
measurement system.
If you travel to France (or just about any
other country in the world), the
distances and speeds marked on the
road signs will be in kilometers, not in
miles.
You would buy
milk measured
in liters
Metric System
You may be used to
buying water and soda in
liters, so you are already
using the metric system!
Metric System
Metric System
Why do we have the metric system?
Scientists and builders around the world
need to be able to share information.
The metric system is based on the number
10.
It is easy to use because each
measurement
can be converted by simply
multiplying or dividing by a factor of 10.
Metric System
Metric System Symbols for Base Units
Look at the chart below to see the basic metric
units and their symbols.
Base units
are what all
measurements are
based
around.
Prefixes are used with the base unit of
measurement and indicate which
multiple of 10 is being used.
For
example
one dekameter
is ten meters;
two dekameters
would be what???
Metric System Prefixes
Meter
(length)
Liter
(liquids), and
Gram
(mass)
are all
base units
.
Measuring in units smaller than the base unit
are a fraction of the base unit.
Examples are
Centimeter – can you tell by the fraction
shown next to the prefix how many
Centimeters there are in a meter???
Here are some commonly used prefixes in the metric system. Notice
the multiplying factors are all based on the number 10.
There are 1000 meters in a kilometer.
A centimeter is 0.01 of a meter meaning there are 100 centimeters in
one meter.
Metric System
Use a metric ruler or a meter
stick to measure length
in the
Metric System.
Metric System – Length
Metric System Length
The basic unit of length is
meter (m).
A meter is about the length of a yard in the English system.
The length of
a room or the length of a large animal would be
measured in meters.
A centimeter (cm)
is one-hundredth (1/100) of
a meter.
1m = 100cm
The length of
your finger or your silverware
would be measured in cm.
Use a balance or scale to measure mass
in the Metric
System.
Metric System - Mass
Always
make sure your scale or balance is on zero before measuring
.
To use a balance, objects are placed on the tray and then you move
the riders on the beams until you get the lines on the right-side of the
scale to match up
(the pointer & the zero mark).
To use a scale, just put the object on the tray and read the screen.
Metric System - Mass
The basic unit of mass is
kilo
gram
.
A kilogram is about 2.2 pounds.
The mass of one of your
large textbooks
may be about 1 kilogram.
A gram is one-thousandth of a kilogram.
1 kg = 1000 g
Pencils, candies, and cereal can be measured in grams
.
354.6 grams
Use a graduated cylinder to measure volume in the
Metric System.
Make sure you are
looking at it eye level AND reading
the bottom of the meniscus (curve in the liquid).
This is 79 mL… NOT 80 mL !!!!
Metric System – Volume of Liquids
Metric System – Volume of Liquids
The basic unit of volume
is the
Liter
.
A liter is about 1/4 of a gallon.
The volume of
a large bottle of soda is 2 liters.
A milliliter is one-thousandth (1/1000) of a liter
1 L = 1000 mL
A bottle of
drinking water, a jar of spaghetti sauce, or medecine
can be measured in milliliters.
Metric System – Volume of Regular Shapes (boxes)
Use a ruler or meter stick to find the volume of a regular shaped
object.
Metric System – Volume of Regular Shapes (boxes)
To calculate the volume of a regular shape, multiply the
length times the width times the height.
The unit for solid volume is m
3
or cm
3.
cm
cm
cm
cm
3
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Metric System – Volume of Irregular Shapes
The unit for the volume for all solids is m
3
or cm
3.
Because
1 mL = 1 cm
3
it is easy to convert.
The water in the diagram increased 10 mL when the rock
was added.
That means the rock has a volume of 10 cm
3.
Metric System - Temperature
You use a thermometer to measure temperature
.
Always
check the increments on
your thermometer
so you know
what the reading is.
Wait a minute or two for the red liquid
to stop moving so you get an accurate
reading.
Metric System - Temperature
One of two units may be used in the Metric System
when
measuring
temperature.
Kelvins
are used for extreme temperatures so
we will only be using
Celsius in class.
IMPORTANT
JUST SO YOU KNOW
0˚ Celsius = freezing point of water
100˚ Celsius = boiling point of water
37˚ Celsius = body temperature
0˚ Celsius = 273 Kelvin
310˚ Kelvin = body temperature
Metric System
Once you learn how to measure in the Metric
System, you will need to convert from one unit to
another on occasion.
For instance, you may have a balance that measures
in grams, but your lab directions call for you to
record the mass in kilograms. You will need to know
how to convert the units.
An easy way to convert between the commonly used
measurements is to simply move the decimal.
But…
How many places do you move the decimal? Which
direction do you move it?
Here’s an easy method to converting measurements
within the Metric System which uses a mnemonics chart.
Metric System - Conversions
Kilo-
Hecta-
Deka-
Base – No prefix
Deci-
Centi-
Milli-
1000 100 10 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000
Here are some prefixes and their corresponding
values.
Reading from
left to right
: each prefix is 10 times
smaller
than the value on its left.
Reading from
right to left
: each prefix is 10 times
larger
than
the value on its right.
Metric System - Conversions
Metric System – Conversions
The following pages are conversion practice.
Only take notes you feel you need.
Kilo-
Hecta-
Deka-
Base – No prefix
Deci-
Centi-
Milli-
1000 100 10 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000
A kilometer is 10 times longer than a Hectometer
.
A kilometer is 1000 times longer than a meter.
1 km = 1000 m
meter
Metric System - Conversions
K
ing
H
enry
D
ied
B
y
D
rinking
C
hocolate
M
ilk
Kilo-
Hecta-
Deka-
Base – No prefix
Deci-
Centi-
Milli-
K H D B D C M
1000 100 10 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000
A mnemonic can help you with conversions within the
Metric System.
Each letter of the mnemonic begins with the first
letter of the metric prefix.
Metric System - Conversions
King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk
Kilo-
Hecta-
Deka-
Base – No prefix
Deci-
Centi-
Milli-
1000 100 10 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000
Memorize the
mnemonic!
You will always be able to rebuild this
chart if you memorize the mnemonic!
Metric System - Conversions
Metric System - Conversions
Let’s try a conversion:
How many milliliters are in 1.25 Liters?
OR
1.25 L = ? mL
Since the Metric System is based on factors of 10, we
need only worry about moving the decimal when
converting between metric measurements.
King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk
Kilo-
Hecta-
Deka-
Base – No prefix
Deci-
Centi-
Milli-
1000 100 10 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000
Start with the mnemonic:
King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk.
Now add the prefixes that start with the first letter of the
mnemonic. They will be in the correct order!
Metric System - Conversions
King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk
Kilo-
Hecta-
Deka-
Base – No prefix
Deci-
Centi-
Milli-
1000 100 10 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000
Now we are ready to make the conversion:
1.25 L = ? mL
Step 1: Since Liter has no prefix, we will place our pencil on
the “Base-No Prefix” spot.
Step 2: Find “Milli-” on the chart.
Each Prefix along the
chart is a “Place” or
“Spot”.
Metric System - Conversions
King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk
Kilo-
Hecta-
Deka-
Base – No prefix
Deci-
Centi-
Milli-
Step 3: Start at “Base-No Prefix” and jump your pencil to the
right towards “Milli-”. You moved 3 places to the right to arrive
at “Milli”.
Step 4: Now move the decimal in 1.25 L to the right 3 places.
This matches what you just did on the chart.
Metric System - Conversions
Move the
decimal to the
right 3 places.
Add a zero in the
last place.
You need not keep the decimal
visible – it is understood to be to the
right of 1250 ml.
Metric System - Conversions
Kilo-
Hecta-
Deka-
Base – No prefix
Deci-
Centi-
Milli-
1000 100 10 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000
Try another conversion: 247 meters = ? kilometers
Follow the previous steps:
Place your pencil on “Base-No Prefix” and move to
“Kilometers” by jumping 3 spaces to the left.
Metric System - Conversions
The decimal is
understood to be to
the right of ‘7’.
Remember:
Meter – m, kilometer – km
Add a zero in front
of the decimal.
Now move the
decimal point
3 spaces to the
left.
Metric System - Conversions
King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk
Kilo-
Hecta-
Deka-
Base – No prefix
Deci-
Centi-
Milli-
Convert 56.2 cm to mm.
Move the decimal
one place to the
right.
Metric System - Conversions
King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk
Kilo-
Hecta-
Deka-
Base – No prefix
Deci-
Centi-
Milli-
1000 100 10 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000
Use the chart on your paper and try these conversions:
93.2 mL = _____ L
845.34 g = _____ Kg
0.56 m = _____ cm
Answers are
revealed on the
next slide.
Metric System - Conversions
King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk
Kilo-
Hecta-
Deka-
Base – No prefix
Deci-
Centi-
Milli-
1000 100 10 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000
Answers:
1.
93.2 mL =
0.0932 L
2.
845.34 g =
0.84534 Kg
3.
0.56 m =
56 cm
Remember to add
zeroes
as placeholders where
necessary.
Metric System - Conversions
The metric system, utilized worldwide, simplifies measurements by employing a base of 10 for conversions. It consists of units like meters, grams, liters, and Celsius for length, mass, volume, and temperature. This system facilitates global communication among scientists and builders due to its standardization and ease of use.
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Presentation Transcript
Metric System Notes Directions First, in order to view this presentation properly you must select "Slide Show then choose From Beginning . Use the arrow keys to change slides. Next, as you go through the presentation take notes on metric measurement. DO NOT WRITE EVERYTHING. Read the information carefully, then write a summary of the important information on that page (usually only one or two sentences). Page titles are underlined . They tell you what you are learning about, so those should be the subtitles within your notes. To help you, important information is in bold. Not all pages will require note taking. Be sure to read each page carefully!
Kilometer Celsius LITER Title of your notes: Using the Metric System meter Tools Units Symbols Prefixes Converting Within the Metric System
Metric System Scientists around the world use the International System of Measurements, (SI) or Metrics, to measure distances, volumes, masses, and temperatures. In fact, most countries use the metric system of measurement. The countries in red are NOT using the metric system as a standard measurement system.
Metric System If you travel to France (or just about any other country in the world), the distances and speeds marked on the road signs will be in kilometers, not in miles. You would buy milk measured in liters
2 Metric System Liters You may be used to buying water and soda in liters, so you are already using the metric system! 1 Liter
Metric System Why do we have the metric system? Scientists and builders around the world need to be able to share information.
Metric System 10 The metric system is based on the number 10. It is easy to use because each measurement can be converted by simply multiplying or dividing by a factor of 10.
Metric System Symbols for Base Units Look at the chart below to see the basic metric units and their symbols. Base units are what all measurements are based around. Measurement Unit Symbol Length meter m Mass gram g Volume liter L Temperature Kelvin (or Celsius) K (C)
Metric System Prefixes Meter (length) Liter (liquids), and Gram (mass) are all base units. 1 base unit (no prefix) 10 Deka- 100 Hecta- 1000 - Kilo Prefixes are used with the base unit of measurement and indicate which multiple of 10 is being used. For example one dekameter is ten meters; two dekameters would be what??? Measuring in units smaller than the base unit are a fraction of the base unit. Examples are Centimeter can you tell by the fraction shown next to the prefix how many Centimeters there are in a meter???
Metric System Here are some commonly used prefixes in the metric system. Notice the multiplying factors are all based on the number 10. Prefix Symbol Multiplying Factor 1,000,000 1000 100 10 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.000001 0.000000001 Mega Kilo Hecta Deka Deci Centi Milli Micro Nano M k h da d c m u n There are 1000 meters in a kilometer. A centimeter is 0.01 of a meter meaning there are 100 centimeters in one meter.
Metric System Length Use a metric ruler or a meter stick to measure length in the Metric System.
Metric System Length The basic unit of length is meter (m). A meter is about the length of a yard in the English system. The length of a room or the length of a large animal would be measured in meters. A centimeter (cm) is one-hundredth (1/100) of a meter. 1m = 100cm The length of your finger or your silverware would be measured in cm.
Metric System - Mass Use a balance or scale to measure mass in the Metric System. Always make sure your scale or balance is on zero before measuring. To use a balance, objects are placed on the tray and then you move the riders on the beams until you get the lines on the right-side of the scale to match up (the pointer & the zero mark). To use a scale, just put the object on the tray and read the screen.
Metric System - Mass The basic unit of mass is kilogram. A kilogram is about 2.2 pounds. The mass of one of your large textbooks may be about 1 kilogram. 354.6 grams A gram is one-thousandth of a kilogram. 1 kg = 1000 g Pencils, candies, and cereal can be measured in grams.
Metric System Volume of Liquids Use a graduated cylinder to measure volume in the Metric System. Make sure you are looking at it eye level AND reading the bottom of the meniscus (curve in the liquid). This is 79 mL NOT 80 mL !!!!
Metric System Volume of Liquids The basic unit of volume is the Liter. A liter is about 1/4 of a gallon. The volume of a large bottle of soda is 2 liters. A milliliter is one-thousandth (1/1000) of a liter 1 L = 1000 mL A bottle of drinking water, a jar of spaghetti sauce, or medecine can be measured in milliliters.
Metric System Volume of Regular Shapes (boxes) Use a ruler or meter stick to find the volume of a regular shaped object.
Metric System Volume of Regular Shapes (boxes) cm cm cm cm3 To calculate the volume of a regular shape, multiply the length times the width times the height. The unit for solid volume is m3 or cm3.
Metric System Volume of Irregular Shapes Use a graduated cylinder and water displacement to determine the volume of odd shaped objects like rocks or toys. To find the volume of an odd shaped item: 1. add water to graduated cylinder 2. add the object and note the new volume 3. Subtract the original volume of just water
Metric System Volume of Irregular Shapes The unit for the volume for all solids is m3 or cm3. Because 1 mL = 1 cm3it is easy to convert. The water in the diagram increased 10 mL when the rock was added. That means the rock has a volume of 10 cm3.
Metric System - Temperature You use a thermometer to measure temperature. Always check the increments on your thermometer so you know what the reading is. Wait a minute or two for the red liquid to stop moving so you get an accurate reading.
Metric System - Temperature One of two units may be used in the Metric System when measuring temperature. Kelvins are used for extreme temperatures so we will only be using Celsius in class. IMPORTANT JUST SO YOU KNOW CELSIUS 0 Celsius = freezing point of water 0 Celsius = 273 Kelvin 100 Celsius = boiling point of water 310 Kelvin = body temperature 37 Celsius = body temperature
Metric System Once you learn how to measure in the Metric System, you will need to convert from one unit to another on occasion. For instance, you may have a balance that measures in grams, but your lab directions call for you to record the mass in kilograms. You will need to know how to convert the units.
Metric System - Conversions An easy way to convert between the commonly used measurements is to simply move the decimal. But How many places do you move the decimal? Which direction do you move it? Here s an easy method to converting measurements within the Metric System which uses a mnemonics chart.
Metric System - Conversions 1000 100 10 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000 Here are some prefixes and their corresponding values. Reading from left to right: each prefix is 10 times smaller than the value on its left. Reading from right to left: each prefix is 10 times larger than the value on its right.
Metric System Conversions The following pages are conversion practice. Only take notes you feel you need.
Metric System - Conversions 1000 100 10 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000 A kilometer is 10 times longer than a Hectometer. A kilometer is 1000 times longer than a meter. 1 km = 1000 m
Metric System - Conversions 1000 100 10 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000 K H D B D C M King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk A mnemonic can help you with conversions within the Metric System. Each letter of the mnemonic begins with the first letter of the metric prefix.
Metric System - Conversions 1000 100 10 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000 King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk You will always be able to rebuild this chart if you memorize the mnemonic!
Metric System - Conversions Since the Metric System is based on factors of 10, we need only worry about moving the decimal when converting between metric measurements. Let s try a conversion: How many milliliters are in 1.25 Liters? OR 1.25 L = ? mL
Metric System - Conversions 1000 100 10 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000 King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk Start with the mnemonic: King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk. Now add the prefixes that start with the first letter of the mnemonic. They will be in the correct order!
Each Prefix along the chart is a Place or Spot . Metric System - Conversions 1000 100 10 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000 King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk Now we are ready to make the conversion: 1.25 L = ? mL Step 1: Since Liter has no prefix, we will place our pencil on the Base-No Prefix spot. Step 2: Find Milli- on the chart.
Metric System - Conversions King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk Step 3: Start at Base-No Prefix and jump your pencil to the right towards Milli- . You moved 3 places to the right to arrive at Milli . Step 4: Now move the decimal in 1.25 L to the right 3 places. This matches what you just did on the chart.
Metric System - Conversions Move the decimal to the right 3 places. Add a zero in the last place. You need not keep the decimal visible it is understood to be to the right of 1250 ml.
Metric System - Conversions 1000 100 10 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000 Try another conversion: 247 meters = ? kilometers Follow the previous steps: Place your pencil on Base-No Prefix and move to Kilometers by jumping 3 spaces to the left.
Metric System - Conversions Now move the decimal point 3 spaces to the left. The decimal is understood to be to the right of 7 . Add a zero in front of the decimal. Remember: Meter m, kilometer km
Metric System - Conversions King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk Move the decimal one place to the right. Convert 56.2 cm to mm.
Metric System - Conversions 1000 100 10 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000 King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk Use the chart on your paper and try these conversions: Answers are revealed on the next slide. 93.2 mL = _____ L 845.34 g = _____ Kg 0.56 m = _____ cm
Metric System - Conversions 1000 100 10 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000 King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk Answers: Remember to add zeroes as placeholders where necessary. 1. 93.2 mL = 0.0932 L 2. 845.34 g = 0.84534 Kg 3. 0.56 m = 56 cm
