The Downfall of the Roman Kings: Lucretia's Role in Establishing the Republic
The Rape of Lucretia by Sextus Tarquinius was a key event leading to the downfall of the Roman kings and the establishment of the Republic. Lucretia's character, representing chastity and virtue, inspired Brutus to take a stand against the tyrannical rulers. Brutus's impassioned speech and vow marked the beginning of the end for the ruling dynasty, paving the way for a new era in Roman governance.
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The Downfall of the Roman Kings 1. To understand the different social orders of the Republic. 2. To assess the significance of the Rape of Lucretia. 3. To understand Brutus role in creating the Republic. SEXTUS TASK: LUCRETIA Label the peopleto the right, using your answers from the homework you did last time. How did this start the fall of the kings?
Lucretia and Sextus Crime Brutus interprets this as a call to kiss mother earth. This demonstrates Brutus public-mindedness, he does not think of his own lineage, but rather the mother of himself and his fellow man. STEP 1 Collatinus bragging about his wife Lucretia provokes the lust of Sextus Tarquinius. STEP 2 TASK: Tarquinius Superbus son Sextus rapes Collatinus wife, Lucretia. Read Livy 1.56-9 and in pairs fill in the flow chart for the fall of the Roman kings. Use the images to help you. STEP 3 Hearing this, Tarquinius returns to Rome only to discover he has been exiled and he was then killed when returning to his former kingdom. Brutus and Collatinus become consuls and rule Rome together: the Republic is founded. STEP 4 CHALLENGE:
Lucretia CHALLENGE: Why is this characterisation of Lucretia so important in affecting the overthrow of Superbus? (2 sentences) TASK: How do the following perspectives describe Lucretia? Summarise in 1 sentence. Collatinus said that there was no need to talk about it, for it was in their power to know, in a few hours time, how far the rest were excelled by his own Lucretia It was there that Sextus Tarquinius was seized with a wicked desire to debauch Lucretia by force; not only her beauty, but her proved chastity as well, provoked him.
Sextus TASK: How do the following perspectives describe Sextus? Summarise in 1 sentence. (Brutus) He spoke of the violence and lust of Sextus Tarquinius, of the shameful defilement of Lucretia and her deplorable death, CHALLENGE: Look at Brutus speech in Livy 1.59, what other factors does Brutus use to rally against the kings? Sextus Tarquinius is he that last night returned hostility for hospitality, and brought ruin on me, and on himself no less if you are men when he worked his pleasure with me
Brutus TASK: Read Livy 1.59. How does Livy react to Brutus speech? Look at p.42 Why might Livy be so surprised? CHALLENGE: Look at the speech of Brutus in Livy 1.59. Remember Livy could not know what Brutus actually said. What kind of language does Livy use to characterise Brutus and why? (3 sentences) By this blood, most chaste until a prince wronged it, I swear, and I take you, gods, to witness, that I will pursue Lucius Tarquinius Superbus and his wicked wife and all his children, with sword, with fire, with whatever violence I may; and that I will suffer neither them nor any other to be king in Rome!
