Technological Transformations in Newsrooms and Journalistic Organizations in Delhi & Hyderabad, India

Explore the changing paradigms of newsrooms, journalists, and organizations in Delhi and Hyderabad, India, through a detailed analysis of technological manifestations, the profiles of journalists, ownership of outlets, number of journalists per outlet, gender spread of journalists, and the influence of technology in newsrooms. Gain insights into the evolving landscape of journalism in these two major Indian cities.

• Technological Transformations
• Newsrooms
• Journalists
• Delhi
• Hyderabad

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1. TECHNOLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS- THE CHANGING PARADIGMS OF NEWS ROOMS, JOURNALISTS & ORGANISATIONS DELHI & HYDERABAD, INDIA

2. PROFILE OF HYDERABAD JOURNALISTS Cumulative Percent Frequency Percent Valid Percent Newspaper 20 41.7 41.7 41.7 TV 22 45.8 45.8 87.5 Online 6 12.5 12.5 100.0 Total 48 100.0 100.0

3. PROFILE OF DELHI JOURNALISTS Cumulative Percent Frequency Percent Valid Percent Newspaper 15 31.2 31.2 31.2 Magazine 3 6.2 6.2 37.5 Radio 1 2.1 2.1 39.6 TV 19 39.6 39.6 79.2 Online 10 20.8 20.8 100.0 Total 48 100.0 100.0

4. OWNERSHIP OF OUTLETS- HYDERABAD Cumulative Percent Frequency Percent Valid Percent State 1 2.1 2.1 2.1 Private 44 91.7 91.7 93.8 Others 3 6.2 6.2 100.0 Total 48 100.0 100.0

5. OWNERSHIP OF OUTLETS-DELHI Cumulative Percent Frequency Percent Valid Percent State 2 4.2 4.2 4.2 Private 46 95.8 95.8 100.0 Total 48 100.0 100.0

6. NUMBER OF JOURNALISTS PER OUTLET- HYDERABAD Cumulative Percent Frequency Percent Valid Percent 1-10 Journalists 4 8.3 8.3 8.3 11-100 20 41.7 41.7 50.0 101-200 11 22.9 22.9 72.9 201-300 12 25.0 25.0 97.9 More than 300 1 2.1 2.1 100.0 Total 48 100.0 100.0

7. NUMBER OF JOURNALISTS PER OUTLET- DELHI Cumulative Percent Frequency Percent Valid Percent 1-10 Journalists 3 6.2 6.2 6.2 11-100 19 39.6 39.6 45.8 101-200 14 29.2 29.2 75.0 201-300 6 12.5 12.5 87.5 More than 300 6 12.5 12.5 100.0 Total 48 100.0 100.0

8. GENDER SPREAD OF JOURNALISTS HYDERABAD DELHI Frequenc y Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Frequenc y Valid Percent Cumulativ e Percent Percent Percent Male Male 32 66.7 66.7 66.7 32 66.7 66.7 66.7 Female Female 16 33.3 33.3 100.0 16 33.3 33.3 100.0 Total Total 48 100.0 100.0 48 100.0 100.0

9. NEWS ROOM, TECHNOLOGY AND INFLUENCE IN NEWS ROOM- HYDERBAD Cumulative Percent Frequency Percent Valid Percent No changes 6 12.5 12.5 12.5 Presence of new technological equipment in newsroom 15 31.2 31.2 43.8 New technology used to work with information 16 33.3 33.3 77.1 Convergence including multi-platforms such as print, online, internet TV, magazine in any combination 8 16.7 16.7 93.8 Others 3 6.2 6.2 100.0 Total 48 100.0 100.0

10. WHAT TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES (INNOVATIONS) HAVE HAPPENED IN THE PAST FIVE YEARS IN YOUR MEDIA ORGANIZATION? Delhi The change is going to be totally visible with the technology becoming cheaper and access to technology reaching to the remotest corners of the country Stringers will become more and more important to get the ground Anyone with 3G can report. It is a new age wherein stories are already being done at the 1/10thcost with the help of mobile phones. Hyderabad News in the matter of seconds and thanks to our smart phones, it is may be nano-seconds. Convergence is a boon. The internet speed is faster and better now. We can access information across seven seas and not literally be there to know the same. Smart phones are the best things that happened to human kind. It influences us in a positive way and even makes us efficient. We call ourselves a smart ecosystem that bridges the gap between students, colleges, alumni, institutes and also companies offering placements. This is solely due to technology. We wouldn't exist without it

11. NEWS ROOM, TECHNOLOGY AND INFLUENCE IN NEWS ROOM- DELHI Responses N Percent Percent of Cases Presence of new technological equipment in news room New technology used to work with information 18 20.0% 37.5% 27 30.0% 56.2% Convergence including multi-platforms such as print, online, internet. Tv, magazine in any combination Other 41 45.6% 85.4% 4 4.4% 8.3% Total 90 100.0% 187.5% a. Dichotomy group tabulated at value 1.

12. Its easier to edit and upload articles Our layout and portal is friendlier than it used to be, earlier designing the page was a mammoth task, now its much more convenient It has made work much more complicated. Because there are so many channels so more diluted news. But this has made getting to the source very easy Influenced in a positive way; it is so much easier to reach out to the sources/ intended audiences.

13. TECHNOLOGY AND WORK CULTURE IN NEWS ROOM- HYDERABAD Cumulative Percent Frequency Percent Valid Percent Not affected 3 6.2 6.2 6.2 Influenced in a positive way in process Influenced in a positive way- feedback 27 56.2 56.2 62.5 12 25.0 25.0 87.5 Affected in negative ways- reduced professionalism Other positive effects 5 10.4 10.4 97.9 1 2.1 2.1 100.0 Total 48 100.0 100.0

14. Allot and the new technology helped us allot. If it is a live report there is no need to analyse the news at desk, so work pressure will be less and internet is the one of the best source for any doubts We have become isolated and new technologies have made old technology obsolete. There is no life in these things and we are unnecessarily getting ourselves addicted to it. From recording the attendance to charting out one's day- to-day work is all done online on various portals. Not only this, the performance too is recorded which makes the system very transparent

15. TECHNOLOGY AND WORK CULTURE IN NEWS ROOM- DELHI Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Not Effected 3 6.2 6.2 6.2 Influenced in Positive way_process Influence in Positive way_feedback 21 43.8 43.8 50.0 15 31.2 31.2 81.2 Effected Negatively_reduced _professioanlism 8 16.7 16.7 97.9 Other Postive effects 1 2.1 2.1 100.0 Total 48 100.0 100.0

16. Increases the pressure to perform and have the first mover advantage all the time. Thus it also increases the chances of making a mistake There is almost no manual work when it comes to execution part, everything is automatic and that makes everything very quick and convenient It has made all the work lot more mechanical and sometimes I feel the personal touch and interaction is lost and with the faster speed sometimes deeper analysis and detailing is also lost People are always connected, so you don t feel restricted or time bound as earlier

17. IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON WAGES- HYDERABAD Cumulative Percent Frequency Percent Valid Percent Grown 33 68.8 68.8 68.8 Fallen 2 4.2 4.2 72.9 Not changed for the past 3-5 years 13 27.1 27.1 100.0 Total 48 100.0 100.0

18. IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON WAGES- DELHI Cumulative Percent Frequency Percent Valid Percent Grown 30 62.5 62.5 62.5 Fallen 4 8.3 8.3 70.8 Not changed for the past 3*5 years 1 2.1 2.1 72.9 No answer 13 27.1 27.1 100.0 Total 48 100.0 100.0

19. TECHNOLOGY AND ADVERTISING REVENUES- HYDERBAD Cumulative Percent Frequency Percent Valid Percent Grown 21 43.8 43.8 43.8 Fallen 2 4.2 4.2 47.9 Not changed for the past 3-5 years 2 4.2 4.2 52.1 No answer 23 47.9 47.9 100.0 Total 48 100.0 100.0

20. TECHNOLOGY AND ADVERTISING REVENUES- DELHI Cumulative Percent Frequency Percent Valid Percent Grown 23 47.9 47.9 47.9 Fallen 12 25.0 25.0 72.9 Not changed for the past 3-5 years 4 8.3 8.3 81.2 No answer 9 18.8 18.8 100.0 Total 48 100.0 100.0

21. TECHNOLOGY AND OWNERSHIP- HYDERABD Cumulative Percent Frequency Percent Valid Percent Grown 21 43.8 43.8 43.8 Fallen 2 4.2 4.2 47.9 Not changed for the past 3-5 years 2 4.2 4.2 52.1 No answer 23 47.9 47.9 100.0 Total 48 100.0 100.0

22. TECHNOLOGY AND OWNERSHIP-DELHI Cumulative Percent Frequency Percent Valid Percent Has Changed 31 64.6 64.6 64.6 Has not Changed 17 35.4 35.4 100.0 Total 48 100.0 100.0

23. WAY FORWARD- LEAD QUESTIONS Technology has re-defined news coverage, news rooms and organisations Credibility, veracity of news and accountability is becoming rare. Death of a journalist and the rise of techno-freak journalists (citizen journalists) Rise of social media-based news (twitter/facebook) Redefining the audiences (are there any?) The debate of Digitization and news coverage.