Short Multiplication Learning Method
Lesson 2: Short Multiplication
written method
Multiplication
Home learning: Week 5
W/C: 18.05.2020
What is Multiplication?
Thinking Time questions
What other words can we think for multiply?
Can you write them down?
Do numbers get bigger or smaller?
How do we multiply numbers?
What methods can we use?
What is short multiplication?
•
Short multiplication is how we calculate larger
multiplication calculations and looks like this:
Remember
-
This
calculation
means 4 lots
of 12.
We can represent it using place
value counters on a place value
chart:
The place value chart helps us to work it out – we
can count the ones and then the tens
How do we use this method?
What is
12 x 4?
1.
First set your calculation out
correctly with one number in each
square.
Use a ruler to draw the lines.
2.
Multiply the ones digit.
2
×
4 = 8
3.
Write the answer in the
ones column on the answer
line.
4.
Now calculate the tens.
Multiply 1 by 4.
1
×
4 = 4
.
12 x 4 = 48
8
4
Let’s look at what this means using
place value counters….
Start with the ones :
We have 4 lots of 2
ones
4 x 2 = 8
Then move onto
the tens:
We have 4 lots of
1 ten
4 x 10 = 40
Let’s try another calculation…..
What is
23 x 3?
1.
First set your calculation out
correctly with one number in each
square.
Use a ruler to draw the lines.
2.
Multiply the ones digit by 3.
3
×
3 = 9
.
3.
Write this in the ones
column.
4.
Now calculate the tens.
Multiply 2 by 3.
2
×
3 = 6
.
23 x 3 = 69
9
6
Let’s look at what this means using
place value counters….
Start with the ones :
We have 3 lots of 3
ones
3 x 3 = 9
Then move
onto the tens:
We have 3
lots of 2 tens
3 x 20 = 60
OR
6 x 10 = 60
A bit harder this time…..
What is
26 x 4?
2.
Multiply the ones digit by 4.
6
×
4 = 24
.
3.
Write the 4 in the ones column
.
5. Now calculate the tens.
Multiply 2 by 4.
2
×
4 = 8
26 x 4 = 104
4
1.
First set your calculation out correctly with
one number in each square.
Use a ruler to draw the lines.
4.
Write 2 in the tens column
underneath the answer line.
We need to
carry this over
as
this represents 20.
2
6. Now add the 2 tens that you
carried over
8 + 2 = 10
0
1
Let’s look at what this means using
place value counters….
Start with the ones :
We have 4 lots of 6
ones
4 x 6 = 24
Then move
onto the tens:
We have 4
lots of 2 tens
4 x 20 = 80
OR
8 x 10 = 80
Then we add the answers 80 + 24 =
104
Remember –
24 ones is the same
as
2 Tens and 4 Ones
Have a go at this one….
What is
34 x 4?
2.
Multiply the ones digit
3.
Write the answer in the ones
column
.
5. Now calculate the tens.
34 x 4 =
1.
First set your calculation out correctly with
one number in each square.
Use a ruler to draw the lines.
4.
If there are any tens to carry
over – carry them underneath
the answer line.
6. Now add any tens you have
carried over
How did you get on?
What is
34 x 4?
2.
Multiply the ones digits
4 x 4 = 16
3.
Write the ones in the ones
column
.
4. Now calculate the tens.
3 x 4 = 12
34 x 4 = 136
1.
First set your calculation out correctly with
one number in each square.
Use a ruler to draw the lines.
If there are any tens to carry
over – carry them underneath
the answer line.
5. Now add any tens you have
carried over
12 + 1 = 13
6
1
3
1
If you are completing
Bronze
or
Silver
activities. Now its your turn
Download the worksheets from the class page
and get multiplying!
If you are completing Gold activities – read on a
little further…..
What do we do for 3-digit numbers?
2
3
1
5
What is
128 x 4?
2.
Multiply the ones digits
8 x 4 = 32
3.
Write the ones in the ones column.
4. Calculate the tens.
2 tens x 4 = 8 tens
1.
First set your calculation out correctly with one
number in each square.
Use a ruler to draw the lines.
If there are any tens to carry over
– carry them underneath the
answer line.
Now add any tens you have carried
over
8 tens + 3 tens = 11 tens
1
x
6. This time we have another column – so we put 1 in the
tens column and then carry over into the hundreds column.
Put the 1 underneath the answer line.
7. Now we multiply the hundreds:
1 hundred x 4 = 4 hundreds
8. Lastly, we add the hundreds we carried over:
4 hundred + 1 hundred = 500
Have a go at these questions…
•
134 x 6 =
•
121 x 7=
•
145 x 5 =
Remember to follow
the steps from the last
slide to help you
answer them
Did you get them right?
•
134 x 6 =
121 x 7 =
145 x 5 =
4
2
0
8
2
x
7
4
8
1
x
5
2
2
7
2
x
Now it’s your turn
Have a go at the Gold activities on the class
page.
Good luck!
Short multiplication is a method for calculating larger multiplication problems. It involves setting out the calculation correctly, multiplying the ones digit first, then the tens, and finally adding the results. Using place value counters can help visualize the process. This method is explained step by step with examples, showing how to multiply numbers like 12 x 4 and 26 x 4 using place value charts. Practice calculations and understanding the place value concept are emphasized in this educational resource.
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Presentation Transcript
Multiplication Lesson 2: Short Multiplication written method Home learning: Week 5 W/C: 18.05.2020
What is Multiplication? Thinking Time questions What other words can we think for multiply? Can you write them down? Do numbers get bigger or smaller? How do we multiply numbers? What methods can we use?
What is short multiplication? Short multiplication is how we calculate larger multiplication calculations and looks like this: We can represent it using place value counters on a place value chart: Remember - This calculation means 4 lots of 12. 1 2 4 The place value chart helps us to work it out we can count the ones and then the tens
How do we use this method? What is 12 x 4? 1. First set your calculation out correctly with one number in each square. Use a ruler to draw the lines. 1 2 4 8 2. Multiply the ones digit. 2 4 = 8 4 3. Write the answer in the ones column on the answer line. 4. Now calculate the tens. Multiply 1 by 4. 1 4 = 4. 12 x 4 = 48
Lets look at what this means using place value counters . Start with the ones : We have 4 lots of 2 ones 4 x 2 = 8 Then move onto the tens: We have 4 lots of 1 ten 4 x 10 = 40
Lets try another calculation.. 1. First set your calculation out correctly with one number in each square. Use a ruler to draw the lines. What is 23 x 3? 2 3 3 9 2. Multiply the ones digit by 3. 3 3 = 9. 6 3. Write this in the ones column. 4. Now calculate the tens. Multiply 2 by 3. 2 3 = 6. 23 x 3 = 69
Lets look at what this means using place value counters . Then move onto the tens: We have 3 lots of 2 tens 3 x 20 = 60 OR 6 x 10 = 60 Start with the ones : We have 3 lots of 3 ones 3 x 3 = 9
A bit harder this time.. 1. First set your calculation out correctly with one number in each square. Use a ruler to draw the lines. What is 26 x 4? 2 6 2. Multiply the ones digit by 4. 6 4 = 24. 4 4 3. Write the 4 in the ones column. 1 4. Write 2 in the tens column underneath the answer line. We need to carry this over as this represents 20. 0 2 5. Now calculate the tens. Multiply 2 by 4. 2 4 = 8 6. Now add the 2 tens that you carried over 8 + 2 = 10 26 x 4 = 104
Lets look at what this means using place value counters . Then move onto the tens: We have 4 lots of 2 tens 4 x 20 = 80 OR 8 x 10 = 80 Start with the ones : We have 4 lots of 6 ones 4 x 6 = 24 Remember 24 ones is the same as 2 Tens and 4 Ones Then we add the answers 80 + 24 = 104
Have a go at this one. 1. First set your calculation out correctly with one number in each square. Use a ruler to draw the lines. What is 34 x 4? 3 4 2. Multiply the ones digit 3. Write the answer in the ones column. 4. If there are any tens to carry over carry them underneath the answer line. 4 5. Now calculate the tens. 6. Now add any tens you have carried over 34 x 4 =
How did you get on? 1. First set your calculation out correctly with one number in each square. Use a ruler to draw the lines. What is 34 x 4? 2. Multiply the ones digits 4 x 4 = 16 3 4 3. Write the ones in the ones column. If there are any tens to carry over carry them underneath the answer line. 1 4 6 3 1 4. Now calculate the tens. 3 x 4 = 12 5. Now add any tens you have carried over 12 + 1 = 13 34 x 4 = 136
If you are completing Bronze or Silver activities. Now its your turn Download the worksheets from the class page and get multiplying! If you are completing Gold activities read on a little further ..
What do we do for 3-digit numbers? 2. Multiply the ones digits 8 x 4 = 32 1. First set your calculation out correctly with one number in each square. Use a ruler to draw the lines. 3. Write the ones in the ones column. If there are any tens to carry over carry them underneath the answer line. What is 128 x 4? 1 2 8 4. Calculate the tens. 2 tens x 4 = 8 tens Now add any tens you have carried over 8 tens + 3 tens = 11 tens x 4 2 1 5 1 6. This time we have another column so we put 1 in the tens column and then carry over into the hundreds column. Put the 1 underneath the answer line. 3 7. Now we multiply the hundreds: 1 hundred x 4 = 4 hundreds 8. Lastly, we add the hundreds we carried over: 4 hundred + 1 hundred = 500
Have a go at these questions 134 x 6 = Remember to follow the steps from the last slide to help you answer them 121 x 7= 145 x 5 =
Did you get them right? 134 x 6 = 1 3 4 121 x 7 = 1 2 1 145 x 5 = 1 4 5 x x x 5 5 7 7 6 4 2 7 2 4 8 1 20 8 2 2
Now its your turn Have a go at the Gold activities on the class page. Good luck!
