Risk Assessment and Hazard Mitigation Overview
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R
ISK
A
SSESSMENT
AND
H
AZARD
M
ITIGATION
P
LAN
An introduction to guide your projects!
Version: 05 25, 2018
R
ISK
A
SSESSMENT
•
A hazard identification and risk assessment
provides the
factual basis
for activities
proposed in the strategy portion of a hazard
mitigation plan.
•
An effective risk assessment informs proposed
actions by focusing attention and resources on
the greatest risks.
•
In Units 1, 2, and 3, what did we learn/do that
would help us focus attention on the greatest
risks?
R
ISK
A
SSESSMENT
•
Four basic components:
1.
Hazard Identification (Unit 1).
2.
Profiling of hazard events (Units 1–3).
3.
Inventory of assets.
4.
Estimation of potential and economic losses
based on the exposure and vulnerability of
people, buildings, and infrastructure.
H
AZARD
M
ITIGATION
P
LANNING
•
Mitigation:
sustained actions taken to reduce or eliminate long-
term risk to life and property from hazards.
•
Prevention:
actions necessary to avoid, prevent, or stop an
imminent threat or actual act of terrorism.
•
Protection:
actions necessary to secure the homeland against acts
of terrorism and manmade or natural disasters.
•
Preparedness:
actions taken to plan, organize, equip, train, and
exercise to build and sustain the capabilities necessary to prevent,
protect against, mitigate the effects of, respond to, and recover
from those threats that pose the greatest risk to the security of the
Nation.
•
Response:
actions necessary to save lives, protect property and the
environment, and meet basic human needs after an incident has
occurred.
•
Recovery:
actions necessary to assist communities affected by an
incident to recover effectively.
H
AZARD
M
ITIGATION
•
Mitigation is critical to:
–
Protect public safety and prevent injury and loss of life.
–
Reduce harm to existing and future development.
–
Prevent damage to a community’s unique economic,
cultural, and environmental assets.
–
Minimize operational downtime and accelerate recovery
of government and business after disasters.
–
Reduce costs of disaster response and recovery and the
exposure to risk for first responders.
–
Help accomplish other community objectives (leveraging
capital improvements, infrastructure protection, open
space preservation, and economic resiliency).
B
ENEFITS
OF
M
ITIGATION
P
LANNING
•
Identifying actions for risk reduction that are agreed
upon by stakeholders and the public.
•
Focusing resources on the greatest risks and
vulnerabilities.
•
Building partnerships by involving citizens,
organizations, and businesses.
•
Increasing education and awareness of threats and
hazards, as well as their risks.
•
Communicating priorities to state and federal officials.
•
Aligning risk reduction with other community
objectives.
M
ITIGATION
T
ASKS
•
Determine the planning area and resources
•
Build the planning team
•
Create an outreach strategy
•
Review community capabilities
•
Conduct a risk assessment
•
Develop a mitigation strategy
•
Keep the plan current
•
Review and adopt the plan
•
Create a safe and resilient community
TASK 1: D
ETERMINE
THE
P
LANNING
A
REA
AND
R
ESOURCES
•
Geographic area covered by the plan?
–
Arizona or Puerto Rico?
•
Usually determined by local government
jurisdictional boundaries, but can be defined by
natural features.
•
For your group’s respective area, select a
jurisdictional or natural boundary. The boundary
should cover almost the entire area.
•
You do not need to consider resources for this
project*
TASK 2: B
UILD
THE
P
LANNING
T
EAM
•
This is the core group of people responsible for
developing and reviewing drafts of the plan,
creating the mitigation strategy, and
submitting the final plan for local adoption.
•
The planning team (YOUR GROUP) has the
expertise to develop the plan.
•
Who is in charge of different components?
What are their individual expertise?
P
LANNING
T
EAM
U
SUAL
S
USPECTS
•
Emergency management
•
Fire department/districts
•
Parks and recreation
•
Public information office
•
Public works
•
Stormwater management
•
Transportation
•
Who else???
TASK 3: C
REATE
AN
O
UTREACH
S
TRATEGY
•
“A plan that accurately reflects the
community’s values and priorities is likely to
have greater legitimacy and greater success in
implementing mitigation actions to reduce
risk.”
•
Why do you think this is?
•
How could you incorporate this into your
report?
TASK 4: R
EVIEW
C
OMMUNITY
C
APABILITIES
•
Describes the step of assessing your
community’s existing authorities, policies,
programs, and resources.
•
Not needed for your groups’ report.
TASK 5: C
ONDUCT
A
R
ISK
A
SSESSMENT
•
Planning team determines the potential
impacts of hazards to the people, economy,
and built and natural environments of the
community.
•
Needed for your report:
–
Regional assessment (Unit 2 and 3)
–
Local assessments (Unit 1)
R
ISK
A
SSESSMENT
T
ERMINOLOGY
•
Natural hazard
– source of harm or difficulty created by a
meteorological, environmental, or geological event.
•
Community assets
– the people, structures, facilities, and systems
that have value to the community.
•
Vulnerability
– characteristics of community assets that make them
susceptible to damage from a given hazard.
•
Impact
– the consequences or effects of a hazard on the community
and its assets.
•
Risk
– the potential for damage, loss, or other impacts created by
the interaction of natural hazards with community assets.
•
Risk assessment
– product or process that collects information and
assigns values to risks for the purpose of informing priorities,
developing or comparing courses of action, and informing decision
making.
•
Threat or human-caused incident
– intentional actions of an
adversary, such as a threatened or actual chemical or biological
attack or cyber event.
S
TEPS
TO
C
ONDUCT
A
R
ISK
A
SSESSMENT
1.
Describe hazards
2.
Identify community assets
3.
Analyze risk
4.
Summarize vulnerability
TASK 6: D
EVELOP
A
M
ITIGATION
S
TRATEGY
•
Serves as the blueprint for reducing the
potential losses identified in the risk
assessment.
•
Provides suggestions for developing a new or
updating an existing mitigation strategy.
TASK 7: K
EEP
THE
P
LAN
C
URRENT
•
Mitigation plans are living documents.
–
WHY?
•
Recognize this fact, but updates are not
necessary/possible for your groups plan.
TASK 8: R
EVIEW
AND
A
DOPT
THE
P
LAN
•
Initiate local adoption through review and
approval process.
•
Incorporate feedback from the planning team,
stakeholders, and the public on the final
document.
•
For this project, since actual adoption is not
feasible, you will focus on reviewing (EDITING)
your document.
TASK 9: C
REATE
A
S
AFE
AND
R
ESILIENT
C
OMMUNITY
•
What might be some barriers to mitigation?
•
How can mitigation barriers be overcome?
•
Consider these questions, but this task is not
required for the final deliverable.
R
ESOURCES
•
The
FEMA Local Hazard Mitigation Handbook
is a GREAT resource! Use it!
•
There are many online hazard mitigation
plans:
–
Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (2016) for the city of
Hayward, CA, USA, is a good example of a strong
hazard mitigation plan. NOTE: The plan focuses on
a variety of hazards, not just landslides. Use it as a
guide/example, not as a template.
s.
This document introduces risk assessment and hazard mitigation planning, supported by the National Science Foundation. It outlines the key components of risk assessment and hazard mitigation planning, emphasizing the importance of identifying and addressing the greatest risks. The process includes hazard identification, profiling of hazard events, inventory of assets, and estimation of potential losses. Mitigation actions are essential to protecting life, property, and community assets, reducing operational downtime, and minimizing disaster response costs.
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Presentation Transcript
RISK ASSESSMENT AND HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN An introduction to guide your projects! This work is supported by the National Science Foundation s Directorate for Education and Human Resources (TUES-1245025, IUSE- 1612248, IUSE-1725347). Version: 05 25, 2018 Questions, contact education-AT-unavco.org
RISK ASSESSMENT A hazard identification and risk assessment provides the factual basis for activities proposed in the strategy portion of a hazard mitigation plan. An effective risk assessment informs proposed actions by focusing attention and resources on the greatest risks. In Units 1, 2, and 3, what did we learn/do that would help us focus attention on the greatest risks?
RISK ASSESSMENT Four basic components: 1. Hazard Identification (Unit 1). 2. Profiling of hazard events (Units 1 3). 3. Inventory of assets. 4. Estimation of potential and economic losses based on the exposure and vulnerability of people, buildings, and infrastructure.
HAZARD MITIGATION PLANNING Mitigation: sustained actions taken to reduce or eliminate long- term risk to life and property from hazards. Prevention: actions necessary to avoid, prevent, or stop an imminent threat or actual act of terrorism. Protection: actions necessary to secure the homeland against acts of terrorism and manmade or natural disasters. Preparedness: actions taken to plan, organize, equip, train, and exercise to build and sustain the capabilities necessary to prevent, protect against, mitigate the effects of, respond to, and recover from those threats that pose the greatest risk to the security of the Nation. Response: actions necessary to save lives, protect property and the environment, and meet basic human needs after an incident has occurred. Recovery: actions necessary to assist communities affected by an incident to recover effectively.
HAZARD MITIGATION Mitigation is critical to: Protect public safety and prevent injury and loss of life. Reduce harm to existing and future development. Prevent damage to a community s unique economic, cultural, and environmental assets. Minimize operational downtime and accelerate recovery of government and business after disasters. Reduce costs of disaster response and recovery and the exposure to risk for first responders. Help accomplish other community objectives (leveraging capital improvements, infrastructure protection, open space preservation, and economic resiliency).
BENEFITS OF MITIGATION PLANNING Identifying actions for risk reduction that are agreed upon by stakeholders and the public. Focusing resources on the greatest risks and vulnerabilities. Building partnerships by involving citizens, organizations, and businesses. Increasing education and awareness of threats and hazards, as well as their risks. Communicating priorities to state and federal officials. Aligning risk reduction with other community objectives.
MITIGATION TASKS Determine the planning area and resources Build the planning team Create an outreach strategy Review community capabilities Conduct a risk assessment Develop a mitigation strategy Keep the plan current Review and adopt the plan Create a safe and resilient community
TASK 1: DETERMINE THE PLANNING AREA AND RESOURCES Geographic area covered by the plan? Arizona or Puerto Rico? Usually determined by local government jurisdictional boundaries, but can be defined by natural features. For your group s respective area, select a jurisdictional or natural boundary. The boundary should cover almost the entire area. You do not need to consider resources for this project*
TASK 2: BUILD THE PLANNING TEAM This is the core group of people responsible for developing and reviewing drafts of the plan, creating the mitigation strategy, and submitting the final plan for local adoption. The planning team (YOUR GROUP) has the expertise to develop the plan. Who is in charge of different components? What are their individual expertise?
PLANNING TEAM USUAL SUSPECTS Emergency management Fire department/districts Parks and recreation Public information office Public works Stormwater management Transportation Who else???
TASK 3: CREATE AN OUTREACH STRATEGY A plan that accurately reflects the community s values and priorities is likely to have greater legitimacy and greater success in implementing mitigation actions to reduce risk. Why do you think this is? How could you incorporate this into your report?
TASK 4: REVIEW COMMUNITY CAPABILITIES Describes the step of assessing your community s existing authorities, policies, programs, and resources. Not needed for your groups report.
TASK 5: CONDUCT A RISK ASSESSMENT Planning team determines the potential impacts of hazards to the people, economy, and built and natural environments of the community. Needed for your report: Regional assessment (Unit 2 and 3) Local assessments (Unit 1)
RISK ASSESSMENT TERMINOLOGY Natural hazard source of harm or difficulty created by a meteorological, environmental, or geological event. Community assets the people, structures, facilities, and systems that have value to the community. Vulnerability characteristics of community assets that make them susceptible to damage from a given hazard. Impact the consequences or effects of a hazard on the community and its assets. Risk the potential for damage, loss, or other impacts created by the interaction of natural hazards with community assets. Risk assessment product or process that collects information and assigns values to risks for the purpose of informing priorities, developing or comparing courses of action, and informing decision making. Threat or human-caused incident intentional actions of an adversary, such as a threatened or actual chemical or biological attack or cyber event.
STEPS TO CONDUCT A RISK ASSESSMENT 1. Describe hazards 2. Identify community assets 3. Analyze risk 4. Summarize vulnerability
TASK 6: DEVELOP A MITIGATION STRATEGY Serves as the blueprint for reducing the potential losses identified in the risk assessment. Provides suggestions for developing a new or updating an existing mitigation strategy.
TASK 7: KEEP THE PLAN CURRENT Mitigation plans are living documents. WHY? Recognize this fact, but updates are not necessary/possible for your groups plan.
TASK 8: REVIEW AND ADOPT THE PLAN Initiate local adoption through review and approval process. Incorporate feedback from the planning team, stakeholders, and the public on the final document. For this project, since actual adoption is not feasible, you will focus on reviewing (EDITING) your document.
TASK 9: CREATE A SAFE AND RESILIENT COMMUNITY What might be some barriers to mitigation? How can mitigation barriers be overcome? Consider these questions, but this task is not required for the final deliverable.
RESOURCES The FEMA Local Hazard Mitigation Handbook is a GREAT resource! Use it! There are many online hazard mitigation plans: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (2016) for the city of Hayward, CA, USA, is a good example of a strong hazard mitigation plan. NOTE: The plan focuses on a variety of hazards, not just landslides. Use it as a guide/example, not as a template.
