Prevalence of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Drug Use Among School-Aged Children in Algeria

This study presented at the Lisbon Addictions 2017 conference discusses the prevalence of alcohol, tobacco, and drug use among school-aged children in Algeria, highlighting legal, social, and economic factors influencing the use. The data sources and statistics on drug prevalence use in Algeria, as well as the impact of prohibition laws and social aspects on drug use, are detailed. Factors such as family structure, peer influence, and gender differences in substance use are explored.

• Alcohol
• Tobacco
• Drug Use
• Algeria
• Addiction

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1. Lisbon Addictions 2017 structured session 14 Lisbon, 24 26 october 2017 Prevalence of Alcohol, Tobacco and drug use among school aged children in Algeria Legal, social and economic aspects that impact on prevalence Salah ABDENNOURI Former Director General at interim of the "Office national de lutte contre la drogue et la toxicomanie" Pompidou Group consultant

2. Drug prevalence use Data source: MedSPAD Algeria, 2016. Total population in 2017: 41 millions Students enrolled: 8,5 millions Sampling frame: 2.111.759 Sample size: 12.103 age group: 16 years old Drug Life time % Last year % Last month % Tobacco 22 12 8,5 Cannabis 5,5 3,5 2,5 Alcohol 5 2,5 1,3 medication without MP* 3,5 2,2 1,5 * MP: Medical Prescription

3. Two comments I. The substances prevalence use order - In Algeria: Tobacco, cannabis, Alcohol, medication (without MP) - in the northern countries of the Mediterranean sea : Alcohol, Tobacco, Cannabis, medication (without MP). II. Comparative analysis life time substances use (%) AGERIA 4,9 22,1 5,4 3,4 SC NC Alcohol Tobacco Cannabis Medication without MP 9,1 11 2,4 1,4 84,4 42,9 17,7 5,3 SC: southern countries NC: northern countries

4. Legal aspects that impact on prevalence Two sources of prohibition: law and religion . The Law punishes the detention or the consumption of drug with imprisonnment from 2 months to 2 years, in addition to a fine . Islam prohibits the consumption of alcohol and all other drugs Respondents % Consumers % 76 60,2 57,9 cannabis medication without MP alcohol 70,5 66 50 At least 57,9 % of substances users (cannabis, medication without MP and alcohol) declared that they were aware that the law porohibits the use of these products.

5. Social aspects that impact on prevalence. To determine the influence of different factors on drug use, we used logistic regression. The possibility of using drugs last 12 months is higher when friends consume the pupil s average is low ( < 5/20 ) members of the family consume the consumption by boys is higher than by girls (gender) when: for example : the alcohol for example : the alcohol . . Boys use alcohol 34 times more than girls . 37,5 times more if their friends use it . 34,5 times more if their average is low (< 5/20 ) Influence of family structure Influence of family structure The possibility of using drugs is the highest when pupils live with other family members but without the father and the mother. Prevalence use during the last year in this case is: 5,5 % cannabis, 3,4 % medication without MP and 4,4 % alcohol.

6. Social background (residence) Cannabis: Prevalence use is double in urban than in rural areas. Medication without MP: The urban population consume three times more than the rural ones (2,2 % vs 0,7 %) Gender: a determining factor Cannabis: boys use cannabis 27 times more than girls (5,5 % and 0,2 %) 5.5 3.8 3.2 boys girls 0.5 0.3 0.2 cannabis alcohol medication Alcohol: boys consume alcohol 13 times more than girls Medication without MP: boys consume 6 times more than girls

7. Prevalence use based on the existance or absence of friends or family members who consume substances 17.4 friends 15.6 13.3 yes no 0.4 0.3 0.2 cannabis medication alcohol 20.6 Family members 17.2 yes no 10.2 3.2 1.5 1.5 cannabis medication alcohol As showed, the prevalence use is significantly higher when you have friends or family members who consume substances

8. Economic aspects that impact on prevalence Pr valence use according to the declared standard of living of the family 6 4.4 3.8 above average average level below average 2.6 2.5 2 1.8 1.6 1.2 cannabis medication alcohol As it is showed in the graph, the prevalence use is higher when the economic level of the family is low. Thanks