Phonetics: Sounds, Symbols, and Classification
Phonetics
Ranjith Krishnan K. R.
Asst. Professor
Dept. of English
N.S.S. College, Pandalam
Definition
Phonetics
–
The Study and Classification of
Speech Sounds
Organs of Speech
Different Types
Acoustic phonetics: focuses on the physical
properties of the sounds of language
Auditory phonetics: focuses on how listeners
perceive the sounds of language
Articulatory phonetics: focuses on how the
vocal tract produces the sounds of language
English is not a phonetic language
Importance of Phonetics
Sounds in English
44 sounds in English
Consonants and Vowels
24 Consonants
20 Vowels (7 short vowels, 5 long
vowels and 8 Diphthongs)
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
Formulated by the International Phonetic Association
to have a system in which there was a one-to-one
correspondence between each sound in language and
each phonetic symbol
Vowels
Monophthongs (Pure Vowels) – 12
7 short
vowels
:
ɪ
,
e, æ, ʌ , ɒ, ʊ,
ә
and
5 long
vowels
:
i: , ɑ: , ɔ: ,
з
: , u:
/pin/ /pet/ /mæn/ /kʌp/ /hɒt/ /wʊd/ /
ә
bʌv/
/pi:l/ /fɑ:m/ /sɔ:/ /g
з:
l/ /sku:l/
Vowels
Diphthongs (Vowel Glides) – 8
closing
:
eɪ, aɪ, ɔɪ, aʊ,
ә
ʊ
and
centring
:
e
ә,
ɪ
ә,
ʊ
ә
/pei/ /hai/ /bɔɪ/ /haʊ/ /n
ә
ʊ/
/he
ә
/ /hɪ
ә
/ /pʊ
ә
/
Consonants
Plosives
/p, b, t, d, k, g/
/pin/ /bit/ /tin/ /din/ /kin/ /geɪm/
Affricates
/ʧ, ʤ/
/ʧin/ /ʤin/
Consonants
Fricatives
/f, v,
θ
, ð, s, z, ʃ, ʒ, h/
/fit/ /væn/ /
θ
in/ /fa:ð
ә
/ /sin/ /zip/
/ʃeim/ /meʒ
ә
/ /hai/
Nasals
/m, n, ŋ/
/mæn/ /nain/ /kiŋ/
Consonants
Lateral
/l/
/li:f/
Approximants
/r, j, w/
/ræn/ /nju:/ /win/
Examples and Exercises
Explore the world of phonetics with a focus on speech sounds, the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), organs of speech, and different types of phonetics including acoustic, auditory, and articulatory phonetics. Discover the unique characteristics of English sounds, vowels (monophthongs and diphthongs), and consonants (plosives, affricates, fricatives, nasals, lateral, and approximants). Dive into the study and classification of speech sounds to enhance your understanding of phonetics.
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Presentation Transcript
Phonetics Ranjith Krishnan K. R. Asst. Professor Dept. of English N.S.S. College, Pandalam
Definition Phonetics The Study and Classification of Speech Sounds
Different Types Acoustic phonetics: focuses on the physical properties of the sounds of language Auditory phonetics: focuses on how listeners perceive the sounds of language Articulatory phonetics: focuses on how the vocal tract produces the sounds of language
English is not a phonetic language Importance of Phonetics Sounds in English 44 sounds in English Consonants and Vowels 24 Consonants 20 Vowels (7 short vowels, 5 long vowels and 8 Diphthongs)
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) Formulated by the International Phonetic Association to have a system in which there was a one-to-one correspondence between each sound in language and each phonetic symbol
Vowels Monophthongs (Pure Vowels) 12 7 short vowels: , e, , , , , and 5 long vowels: i: , : , : , : , u: /pin/ /pet/ /m n/ /k p/ /h t/ /w d/ / b v/ /pi:l/ /f :m/ /s :/ /g :l/ /sku:l/
Vowels Diphthongs (Vowel Glides) 8 closing: e , a , , a , and centring: e , , /pei/ /hai/ /b / /ha / /n / /he / /h / /p /
Consonants Plosives /p, b, t, d, k, g/ /pin/ /bit/ /tin/ /din/ /kin/ /ge m/ Affricates / , / / in/ / in/
Consonants Fricatives /f, v, , , s, z, , , h/ /fit/ /v n/ / in/ /fa: / /sin/ /zip/ / eim/ /me / /hai/ Nasals /m, n, / /m n/ /nain/ /ki /
Consonants Lateral /l/ /li:f/ Approximants /r, j, w/ /r n/ /nju:/ /win/
