Pandya Architecture: Evolution and Splendor in South India
Pandyas, an ancient South Indian dynasty, innovated the Dravidian architectural style by focusing on gopurams while covering vimanas with gold to respect the sanctity of the garbhagriha. Their cave temples, structural marvels, and intricate paintings exemplify their rich artistic heritage.
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Pandyas Art and Architecture Genesis of the Gopurams of Dravidian Style Vimana ceased to be the centre of concentration supplementary and outlying portions were developed Reasons were sentimental - do not touch God Walls were built became the main feature of South Indian Temple. Pandyas did not want to disturb the garbhagriha. So they decided to cover the garbhagraha s vimanas with gold. Jatavarman sundara pandya I covered the Vimana of Srirangam and Chidambaram Temple with gold.
They gave attention towards the outlaying portion of the temple such as the outer gopuras, praharas and mandapas. They were well skilled in the construction of the main gateways and the superstructure above them.
Pandyas Cave Temples Earliest cave temples of the Pandyas are found at Pillayarpatti (Sivaganga Dist) Malayidaikkurichi (Tirunelveli Dist) Anaimalai (Coimbatore Dist) and Aivarmalai (Dindugul Dist) Many of the Pandyan Cave temples are found at Tirumayyam(Pudukkottai dist), Tiruchendur (Thoothukudi dist), Tirupparankundram, Sittannavasal and Kalugumalai. Lower rock cut cave temple at Trichy was the best example of the Pandyas masterpiece of the sculpture
Pandyas Structural Temples Vatapatrasayi Temple, Srivilliputtur, Virudhunagar dist Varagunisvara Temple at Radhapuram, Tirunelveli dist Siva Temple, Ambasamudram Tiruttalivara Temple, Tiruppattur, Sivaganga dist Vijayanarayana temple, Nanguneri, Tirunelveli dist Buvanathaswami temple, Kovilpatti, Thoothukudi dist Kudal Alagar Temple, Madurai Alagar Koil, Tirumalinuncholai, Madurai Tennalagar Temple, Kovilkulam, Tirunelveli dist Minakshi Temple at Madurai and Sri Ranganatha Temple at Sri Rangam masterpiece of the Pandya s Architecture.
Nellaiyappar temple at Tirunelveli and temples at Tenkasi and Courtalam are some of the best products of the later Pandyas. Generally the structural temples of the Pandyas are simple, which contains sanctum and sanctorum, Artha mandapa, maha mandapa, prahara. They gave importance to the outlaying portions of the temple in their construction.
Paintings Sithannavasal is the best example of Later Pandya's keen interest on paintings. paintings can found in ceiling, walls and pillars.
