Overview of Mexico: History, Government, Economy, and Challenges
Mexico, a country rich in history, was once a colony of Spain before gaining independence in 1821. It operates as a Federal Presidential republic with a diverse economy ranking 11th globally. The population of 126 million is predominantly Spanish-speaking, with a mix of ethnicities. Despite its strengths, Mexico faces issues like low wages, underemployment, and drug trafficking problems leading to violence and instability.
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History Was a colony of Spain Declared independence Dec. 16, 1810 Not fully recognized Sept 27, 1821 Mexico has had 6 constitutions, most recent written in 1917 Miguel Hidalgo leader of the Mexican war for independence Last revolution ended in 1920
Government United Mexican states is a Federal Presidential republic consisting of 32 states 3 branches of government Executive, judiciary and legislative Legislative Bicameral National Congress and the Chamber of Deputies Judiciary- Supreme court of justice The president is Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador Political parties- 3 predominate parties, PRI, PNA and PRD New political party MORENA party of the current president
Economy 11th largest economy in the world with a GDP (purchasing power) of 2.575 Trillion Mexico has a postindustrial economy with service industry making up 64.5% of the economy Exports- $409.8 (2017) Imports-$420.8 (2017) Natural resources are petroleum, silver, copper, gold, lead, zinc, natural gas, timber
Demographics Pop. 126 Million 11th in the world Population growth is 1.09% 92.7% of population only speaks Spanish and others speak indigenous languages Majority religion is Roman Catholic 82.7% Literacy is 94.9% Ethnicity- Mestizo 62%, Predominantly Amerindian 21%, Amerindian 7%, other 10%
Problems Low wages High Underemployment Few opportunities for largely indigenous populations in more impoverished southern states Mexico faces large problems with drug trafficking cartel and in middle of a bloody war between cartels causing tens of thousands of drug related homicides
