Mixtures: Types and Examples
•
A mixture is a
combination of
different ingredients.
•
In order to be a mixture,
the ingredients must be
able to be separated
again.
•
Sometimes you can see
all of the individual
ingredients in a mixture,
as in this bowl of
sweets.
What is a mixture?
•
Sometimes you cannot
see all of the
individual ingredients
in a mixture.
•
A liquid solution is a
type of mixture that
contains a solid
substance dissolved in
a liquid.
•
For example, when
sugar dissolves in
water, we cannot see
the sugar any more.
Mixtures − liquid solutions
•
You probably know
that a metal alloy
is a mixture of two
or more different
types of metal.
•
But did you know
that a metal alloy
is actually a solid
solution?
•
The alloy steel is
an example of a
solid solution.
Mixtures − solid solutions
•
Solutions can
be made up of
gases too.
•
Air is a gas
solution.
•
It is a mixture
of oxygen,
carbon dioxide
and other
gases.
Mixtures − gas solutions
•
We know that a liquid
solution contains a solid
substance dissolved in a
liquid.
•
A substance that dissolves
in liquid is described as
being soluble.
•
Sugar is soluble.
•
There is a lot of sugar in
fizzy drinks, but you
cannot see it because it
has dissolved.
Liquid solutions and soluble substances
•
Some substances
dissolve faster in
warm water than
in cold water.
•
You can test
sugar to see if it
dissolves faster
in warm water
than in cold
water.
Liquid solutions and soluble substances
•
It also interesting
to investigate if
sugar will
dissolve any
faster in water by
stirring it.
•
Solutions can be
affected and
changed by
various actions.
Liquid solutions and soluble substances
•
At a certain point, a
substance will stop
dissolving in a liquid if
there is too much of the
substance.
•
The is called the
substance’s saturation
point.
•
When it reaches its
saturation point, you will
see some undissolved
substance sitting at the end
of the container.
Liquid solutions and saturation point
•
When a substance does not
dissolve in any liquid, it is
described as being insoluble.
•
For example, sand is an
insoluble substance.
•
Some substances are not
water-soluble.
•
For example, oil is not
water-soluble.
•
If you pour oil into water,
you will see that they do not
mix.
Liquids and insoluble substances
•
We can make
certain changes to
a substance that
can be undone, or
reversed.
•
Freezing is a
reversible change.
•
You can freeze
water to make ice,
but you can reverse
this by letting the
ice melt.
Changing substances − reversible changes
•
Evaporation is
another reversible
change.
•
When we boil
water, it
evaporates as
steam. However,
the steam
condenses back
into liquid (water)
once it touches a
cold surface
Changing substances − reversible changes
•
Mixing substances
can sometimes
cause an irreversible
change.
•
A change is
irreversible if it
cannot be undone.
•
When you mix the
dry and liquid
ingredients for a
cake the mixture
changes to batter.
Changing substances − irreversible changes
•
After you bake
the cake, it is
permanently
changed.
•
The baked cake
is no longer a
mixture because
the ingredients
cannot be
separated.
Changing substances − irreversible changes
•
Shutterstock
•
Beehive
Illustrations
A mixture is a combination of different ingredients that can be separated. There are various types of mixtures such as liquid solutions, solid solutions, and gas solutions. Liquid solutions involve solid substances dissolved in a liquid, like sugar in water, while solid solutions include metal alloys like steel. Gas solutions like air contain a mixture of gases. Soluble substances dissolve in liquids, and their dissolution can be affected by factors like temperature and stirring. Understanding the concept of saturation point in solutions is also crucial. Explore the fascinating world of mixtures and solutions!
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Presentation Transcript
What is a mixture? A mixture is a combination of different ingredients. In order to be a mixture, the ingredients must be able to be separated again. Sometimes you can see all of the individual ingredients in a mixture, as in this bowl of sweets.
Mixtures liquid solutions Sometimes you cannot see all of the individual ingredients in a mixture. A liquid solution is a type of mixture that contains a solid substance dissolved in a liquid. For example, when sugar dissolves in water, we cannot see the sugar any more.
Mixtures solid solutions You probably know that a metal alloy is a mixture of two or more different types of metal. But did you know that a metal alloy is actually a solid solution? The alloy steel is an example of a solid solution.
Mixtures gas solutions Solutions can be made up of gases too. Air is a gas solution. It is a mixture of oxygen, carbon dioxide and other gases.
Liquid solutions and soluble substances We know that a liquid solution contains a solid substance dissolved in a liquid. A substance that dissolves in liquid is described as being soluble. Sugar is soluble. There is a lot of sugar in fizzy drinks, but you cannot see it because it has dissolved.
Liquid solutions and soluble substances Some substances dissolve faster in warm water than in cold water. You can test sugar to see if it dissolves faster in warm water than in cold water.
Liquid solutions and soluble substances It also interesting to investigate if sugar will dissolve any faster in water by stirring it. Solutions can be affected and changed by various actions.
Liquid solutions and saturation point At a certain point, a substance will stop dissolving in a liquid if there is too much of the substance. The is called the substance s saturation point. When it reaches its saturation point, you will see some undissolved substance sitting at the end of the container.
Liquids and insoluble substances When a substance does not dissolve in any liquid, it is described as being insoluble. For example, sand is an insoluble substance. Some substances are not water-soluble. For example, oil is not water-soluble. If you pour oil into water, you will see that they do not mix.
Changing substances reversible changes We can make certain changes to a substance that can be undone, or reversed. Freezing is a reversible change. You can freeze water to make ice, but you can reverse this by letting the ice melt.
Changing substances reversible changes Evaporation is another reversible change. When we boil water, it evaporates as steam. However, the steam condenses back into liquid (water) once it touches a cold surface
Changing substances irreversible changes Mixing substances can sometimes cause an irreversible change. A change is irreversible if it cannot be undone. When you mix the dry and liquid ingredients for a cake the mixture changes to batter.
Changing substances irreversible changes After you bake the cake, it is permanently changed. The baked cake is no longer a mixture because the ingredients cannot be separated.
Illustrations Shutterstock Beehive
