Medical Terminology: Common Prefixes and Roots

Slide Note

Common prefixes and roots used in medical terminology, such as "dextro-" for right side, "ecto-" for outer skin, "erythro-" for red blood cells, and more. Understand terms like "intervertebral," "peroral," and "postnasal" in the context of medical terminology. Learn about suffixes like "hepat-" for liver inflammation, "arthr-" for joint pain, and "my-" for muscle weakness. Enhance your knowledge of medical terminology through these essential prefixes and roots.

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*Medical Terminology

Prefix Root Medical Term Definition Dextro- -Gastric dextrogastric Pertaining to the right side of the stomach Right Stomach

Prefix Root Medical Term Definition Ecto Derm ectoderm Outer skin Out; outside Skin

Prefix Root Medical Term Definition Erythro Cyte erythrocyte Red Cell (referring to red blood cells) Red Cell

Prefix Root Medical Term Definition Inter Vertebral intervertebral Between the vertebra (backbone) Between Vertebra

Prefix Root Medical Term Definition Mid- Carpal midcarpal Pertaining to the middle of the bones in the wrist middle Wrist bones

Prefix Root Medical Term Definition Per Oral peroral Deformity of the mouth Deformed Mouth

Prefix Root Medical Term Definition Sub- Hepatic subhepatic Below the liver Under; below liver

Prefix Root Medical Term Definition Post- -nasal postnasal Behind the nose; nasal cavity After; behind nose

Prefix Root Medical Term Definition Pro- Chondral prochondral Before the formation of cartilage Before; forward cartilage

Root Suffix Medical Term Definition Hepat- -it is hepatitis Inflammation of the liver Liver Inflammation of

Root Suffix Medical Term Definition Arthr- -algia arthralgia Joint pain Joint Pain

Root Suffix Medical Term Definition My- -asthenia myasthenia Lack of strength in the muscle Muscle Lack of strength

Root Suffix Medical Term Definition Amnio- Centesis amniocentesis Surgical puncture to remove amnionic fluid Amnion (fluid surrounding the embryo Surgical puncture to remove fluid

Root Suffix Medical Term Definition Urethra- Tresia urethratresia Opening of the urethra Urethra Opening

Root Suffix Medical Term Definition Leuko- Emia leukemia Blood condition involving the white blood cells white Blood condition

Root Suffix Medical Term Definition Nephro- Lith nephrolith Kidney stone Kidney Stone

Root Suffix Medical Term Definition Osteo- Malacia osteomalacia Softening of the bone Bone Softening

Root Suffix Medical Term Definition Acro- Megaly acromegaly Enlargement of the extremities extremities enlargement

Root Suffix Medical Term Definition rhino- Rrhea rhinorrhea Discharge from the nose Nose Flow; discharge

Prefix Root Suffix Medical Term Definition orthodontist Specialist in straightening teeth Ortho- odont -ist straight tooth specialist

Prefix Root Suffix Medical Term Definition Poly- Aden- It is polyadenitis Inflammation /swelling of many glands many Glands inflammation

Prefix Root Suffix Medical Term Definition hypochondraic Chondr- Aic- Pertaining to below the cartilage Hypo Cartilage Pertaining to below

Prefix Root Suffix Medical Term Definition Electroencephalo -gram Electro Encephalo- Gram Measurement of brain s electrical activity electricity Brain measurement

Prefix Root Suffix Medical Term Definition erythrocytopenia Erythro- Cyto Penia Deficiency of red blood cells red Cell deficiency

Prefix Root Suffix Medical Term Definition hyperglycemia Hyper Glyc Emia Blood condition of high levels of blood sugar above Glucose/ sugar Blood condition

Prefix Root Suffix Medical Term Definition hydro nephro- Sis hydronephr osis Condition of water on the kidney Kidney State of Water

Prefix Root Suffix Medical Term Definition Megalo- Cephal It is Megalocephal- itis Inflammation causing the enlargement of the head enlargement Head Inflammation

Prefix Root Suffix Medical Term Definition My- Algia fibromyalgia Pain of muscle fibers Fibro Muscle Pain fiber

Root Root Medical Term Definition Gastro Intestinal Gastrointestinal Pertaining to the stomach and intestinal region Stomach Intestine

Root Root Medical Term Definition Cardio Vascular Cardiovascular System of the heart and blood vessels Heart Blood vessels

Root Root Medical Term Definition Arterio Sclerosis arteriosclerosis Hardening of the arteries Artery Hardening

Root Root Medical Term Definition Cardio Pulmonary cardiopulmonary Pertaining to the heart and lungs (circulation) Heart Lung

Root Root Medical Term Definition Cerebro Spinal cerebrospinal Pertaining to the cerebrum (brain) and spine Cerebrum Spinal cord

Root Root Medical Term Definition Cholecysto- Gram cholecystogram Measurement of the gallbladder Gallbladder Measurment

Root Root Medical Term Definition Dermato Mycosis dermatomycosis Fungal infection of the skin Skin Fungal

Root Root Medical Term Definition Osteo Sarcoma osteosarcoma Fleshy bone, cancerous tumor of the bone Bone Fleshy/ Connective tissue

Root Root Medical Term Definition Pharyngeal- Esophageal pharyngealesoph ageal Pertaining to the throat and esophagus Throat Esophagus

Prefix Root Medical Term Definition Cerebro Vascular cerebrovascular Pertaining to the blood vessels of the cerebrum (brain) Cerebrum Blood vessels