Mastering Verbals: Participles, Gerunds, and Infinitives
VERBALS
Participles
Gerunds
Infinitives
OBJECTIVE
:
*Identify the components of a sentence.
*Recognize, identify, and label verbals
~
participles, gerunds, and infinitives~
and verbal phrases.
Understanding the wonderful world of
verbals relies on some prior
knowledge…so let’s review
.
*A sentence is made up of words.
*Words function in a sentence as a
particular part of speech.
*Every word in a sentence can be
labeled as a particular part of speech
.
Parts of Speech
…can you name
the eight parts of speech??
1.
5.
2.
6.
3.
7.
4.
8.
Part of speech is determined by
how a word is used in a sentence.
In other words, you have to read
words in a sentence in order to
correctly label the part of speech.
There is a hybrid (or you may call
them morphed) group of words
known as
VERBALS
.
Which of the eight parts of speech
do you think is associated with
these hybrids?
VERBALS
are verb words
that function in a
sentence as nouns,
adjectives, or adverbs.
The words
FORM
and
FUNCTION
are important in
identifying verbals properly.
read – verb – I
read
books.
She
will read
a story to the class.
Joe
read
the newspaper.
reading—verb –Students
were reading
during class.
reading –adjective—Everyone loves
reading
class!
The
reading
teacher handed out new AR logs.
reading –noun –
Reading
is important.
You can find the answer by
reading
the story.
He likes
reading
.
to read – noun -- Students tried
to read
the directions.
pArticiples
usually end in –ing or –ed
(occasionally –en or –nt ending)
function as
A
djectives in a sentence
The
running
coach was not at practice.
Everyone is excited for the
snowboarding
trip!
I threw the
cracked
egg away.
The
broken
toys can be fixed.
No one ate the
burnt
toast.
geruNds
verb words that end in –ing
function as
N
ouns in a sentence
Texting
is a popular way to communicate.
Chorus members began
singing
.
The clown entertained the group by
juggling
.
GeruNds
– form = verb word with -ing ending
function = NOUN
Nouns can be found in many different parts of a sentence.
Mary gave Joe a ride to the game.
N N N N
(subject) (IO) (DO) (obj of the preposition)
Walking
is great exercise.
Dan prefers
bicycling
.
Jim and his sister exercise by
running
.
infinitives
to + verb
function as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb
Students worked
to finish
the assignment.
In class, we began
to write
an essay.
Athletes practice
to improve
.
A field goal is the only way
to win
.
DO NOT CONFUSE INFINITIVES WITH
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES!!!!!!!!!!!!!
to run to the store
to eat to my friend
to fly to the game
to play to the library
You already read, write, and speak using
verbals.
It is important to have a good
understanding of them so that you can
use them properly in your speaking and
writing.
IN CONCLUSION,
WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW…
VERBALS often appear in sentences
as phrases.
-a phrase is a group of words
-phrases are identified by how
the phrase begins
Types of phrases include…
verb phrase
prepositional phrase
gerund phrase
infinitive phrase
participial phrase
Participial phrases are used to
modify another word and should
be placed close to the word they
are modifying
.
A MISPLACED MODIFIER can occur
when the participial phrase is not
properly placed.
Walking next to the pro football player
, my
brother seemed tiny.
Disgusted by the bad service
, the couple
left the restaurant.
We found the puppy
sleeping under a park
bench.
The committee,
frustrated by the lack of
participation
, cancelled the event.
Can you identify the misplaced modifier?
Wearing pajama pants, the dog was walked
by my brother.
We saw geese driving along the lake.
The guests admired the statue walking
through the museum.
Delve into the world of verbals including participles, gerunds, and infinitives. Learn to identify and label these verb forms, understand their functions, and explore how they contribute to the structure and meaning of sentences. Enhance your knowledge of parts of speech and unravel the nuances of verbals through comprehensive examples.
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Presentation Transcript
VERBALS Participles Gerunds Infinitives
OBJECTIVE: *Identify the components of a sentence. *Recognize, identify, and label verbals ~participles, gerunds, and infinitives~ and verbal phrases.
Understanding the wonderful world of verbals relies on some prior knowledge so let s review. *A sentence is made up of words. *Words function in a sentence as a particular part of speech. *Every word in a sentence can be labeled as a particular part of speech.
Parts of Speechcan you name the eight parts of speech?? 1. 5. 2. 6. 3. 7. 4. 8.
Part of speech is determined by how a word is used in a sentence. In other words, you have to read words in a sentence in order to correctly label the part of speech.
There is a hybrid (or you may call them morphed) group of words known as VERBALS. Which of the eight parts of speech do you think is associated with these hybrids?
VERBALS are verb words that function in a sentence as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs.
The words FORM and FUNCTION are important in identifying verbals properly.
read verb I read books. She will read a story to the class. Joe read the newspaper. reading verb Students were reading during class. reading adjective Everyone loves reading class! The reading teacher handed out new AR logs. reading noun Reading is important. You can find the answer by reading the story. He likes reading. to read noun -- Students tried to read the directions.
pArticiples usually end in ing or ed (occasionally en or nt ending) function as Adjectives in a sentence The running coach was not at practice. Everyone is excited for the snowboarding trip! I threw the cracked egg away. The broken toys can be fixed. No one ate the burnt toast.
geruNds verb words that end in ing function as Nouns in a sentence Texting is a popular way to communicate. Chorus members began singing. The clown entertained the group by juggling.
GeruNds form = verb word with -ing ending function = NOUN Nouns can be found in many different parts of a sentence. Mary gave Joe a ride to the game. N N N N (subject) (IO) (DO) (obj of the preposition) Walking is great exercise. Dan prefers bicycling. Jim and his sister exercise by running.
infinitives to + verb function as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb Students worked to finish the assignment. In class, we began to write an essay. Athletes practice to improve. A field goal is the only way to win.
DO NOT CONFUSE INFINITIVES WITH PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES!!!!!!!!!!!!! to run to the store to eat to my friend to fly to the game to play to the library
IN CONCLUSION, You already read, write, and speak using verbals. It is important to have a good understanding of them so that you can use them properly in your speaking and writing.
WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW VERBALS often appear in sentences as phrases. -a phrase is a group of words -phrases are identified by how the phrase begins
Types of phrases include verb phrase prepositional phrase gerund phrase infinitive phrase participial phrase
Participial phrases are used to modify another word and should be placed close to the word they are modifying. A MISPLACED MODIFIER can occur when the participial phrase is not properly placed.
Walking next to the pro football player, my brother seemed tiny. Disgusted by the bad service, the couple left the restaurant. We found the puppy sleeping under a park bench. The committee, frustrated by the lack of participation, cancelled the event.
Can you identify the misplaced modifier? Wearing pajama pants, the dog was walked by my brother. We saw geese driving along the lake. The guests admired the statue walking through the museum.
