Legal Concepts on Harm and Force
Hurt, Grievous Hurt
Hurt - Physical, psychological
and emotional. Grievious hurt
defined - Fracture or
permanent injury etc. See
s320 PC.
VCGH s322 PC. Subjective –
accused intended to cause or
know that he was likely to
cause grievous hurt. Read
Koh
Jing Kwang
Seminar 4 Mindmap –
Hurt and Grievous Hurt
S320(h), as long as not able to
carry out ordinary pursuits
with the same degree of ease
as he did before he was
injured.
VCH s321 PC. Subjective –
prove an intention to cause
hurt or knowledge that hurt
was likely.
Actual knowledge, accused
subjectively aware of the
likelihood of grievous hurt.
Inferring from objective acts
and circumstances and what a
reasonable person in
accused’s person would do.
Rashness or negligence was
insufficient. Read
Muhammad
Khalis bin Ramlee
Accused need not intend the
exact form of hurt as long as
intended to cause some form
of hurt. Read
Low Song Chye
New sections s323A – VCH
which results in grievous hurt
caused. No intention to cause
grievous hurt.
Criminal Force
S90 PC – consent is not
consent if under fear,
misconception, unsound
mind, child under 12 years old
etc.
s350PC
Intentional use of force. Not
knowingly, Rashly or
Negligently.
Seminar 4 Mindmap –
Criminal Force
Definition of criminal force is
wide and does not necessarily
equate with violence. E.g.
grabbing a pen repeatedly and
tugging at victim’s shirt. Read
Goh Ang Huat
Criminal Intimidation
S503 PC
Seminar 4 Mindmap –
Criminal Intimidation
Threat as specified with intent to cause
alarm to the person threatened,
commission of an act the person
threatened is not legally bound to do or
omission of an act the person
threatened is legally entitled to do
Victim need not experience alarm, distress or other
emotional state. Read
Ye Lin Myint
4
•
Discuss
amendments to sections 73, 74, 74A-74E, 304B, 305C, 323A, 335A-
335B
•
https://www.tnp.sg/news/singapore/stiffer-penalties-crimes-against-
vulnerable-victims
Exploring different legal aspects such as hurt, grievous hurt, criminal force, and criminal intimidation. Discussion includes intentions behind causing harm, use of force, and acts of intimidation. Amendments to specific sections and penalties against vulnerable victims are also highlighted.
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Presentation Transcript
Seminar 4 Mindmap Hurt and Grievous Hurt VCGH s322 PC. Subjective accused intended to cause or know that he was likely to cause grievous hurt. Read Koh Jing Kwang S320(h), as long as not able to carry out ordinary pursuits with the same degree of ease as he did before he was injured. Hurt - Physical, psychological and emotional. Grievious hurt defined - Fracture or permanent injury etc. See s320 PC. VCH s321 PC. Subjective prove an intention to cause hurt or knowledge that hurt was likely. Actual knowledge, accused subjectively aware of the likelihood of grievous hurt. Inferring from objective acts and circumstances and what a reasonable person in accused s person would do. Rashness or negligence was insufficient. Read Muhammad Khalis bin Ramlee Hurt, Grievous Hurt Accused need not intend the exact form of hurt as long as intended to cause some form of hurt. Read Low Song Chye New sections s323A VCH which results in grievous hurt caused. No intention to cause grievous hurt.
Seminar 4 Mindmap Criminal Force s350PC Intentional use of force. Not knowingly, Rashly or Negligently. S90 PC consent is not consent if under fear, misconception, unsound mind, child under 12 years old etc. Criminal Force Definition of criminal force is wide and does not necessarily equate with violence. E.g. grabbing a pen repeatedly and tugging at victim s shirt. Read Goh Ang Huat
Seminar 4 Mindmap Criminal Intimidation S503 PC Criminal Intimidation Victim need not experience alarm, distress or other emotional state. Read Ye Lin Myint Threat as specified with intent to cause alarm to the person threatened, commission of an act the person threatened is not legally bound to do or omission of an act the person threatened is legally entitled to do
Discuss amendments to sections 73, 74, 74A-74E, 304B, 305C, 323A, 335A- 335B https://www.tnp.sg/news/singapore/stiffer-penalties-crimes-against- vulnerable-victims 4
