Internal Combustion Engines: A Comprehensive Overview

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Explore the intricate world of Internal Combustion Engines (I.C. Engine), including their classification, components, terminology, and operation cycles. Delve into the various types, arrangements, and applications of I.C. engines, from automobiles to aircraft engines, and uncover the key principles and mechanisms behind these power-producing devices. Discover the fundamental concepts such as bore, stroke, compression ratio, and more that drive these mechanical marvels.

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Uploaded on Jul 11, 2024 | 1 Views

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I. C.ENGINE

POWER PRODUCINGDEVICES I.C.ENGINE FOUR STROKE PETROL & DIESEL ENGINE TWO STROKE PETROL & DIESELENGINE TURBINE IMPULSE REACTION BOILERS

I.C.ENGINE ENGINE Mechanical device which converts one formof energy intoanotherform I.C.ENGINE Engine in which combustion take place inside engine cylinder is called IC engine. E.g.-Aircraftengine, AutomobileEngines

I.C.ENGINE

CLASSIFICATION OF I.C.ENGINE 1. CYCLE OFOPERATION Two strokeengine Four strokeengine 2 .T H E R M O D Y N A M I CCYCLE Otto cycle Diesel cycle Dualcycle 3 .M E T H O D OF IGNITION S.I. ENGINE C,I.ENGINE 4.NO. OFCYLINDERS Single Multi 5.COOLINGSYSTEM Air cooled Water cooled Oilcooled

CLASSIFICATION OF I.C.ENGINE FUELUSED Petrol Diesel Gas SPEED High speed Lows peed Mediumspeed APPLICATION Automotive engines Aircraft engines Marine application Generatorsets

CLASSIFICATION OF I.C.ENGINE ARRANGEMENT OFCYLINDERS Vertical Horizantal V-engine Radialengine Opposedcylinder Opposedpiston

TERMINOLOGY BORE STROKE TDC BDC CLEARENCEVOLUME SWEPTVOLUME COMPRESSIONRATIO

COMPONENTS OF FOUR-STROKE ENGINES Camshaft IntakeValve ExhaustValve ValveCover SparkPlug IntakePort ExhaustPort Head Piston ConnectingRod Coolant RodBearings Engine Block Crankshaft Next Diagram OilPan OilSump Back

FOUR STROKE CYCLE 10 Intake Compression Power Exhaust

INTAKE STROKE 11 Intake valveopens. Piston turn ofcrankshaft. moves down, A vacuum the cylinder. is created in Atmospheric pushes mixture cylinder. pressure air/fuel into the the

COMPRESSION STROKE 12 VALVES CLOSE. PISTON MOVES UP, TURN OF CRANKSHAFT. AIR/FUEL MIXTURE IS COMPRESSED. FUEL STARTS TO VAPORIZE AND HEAT BEGINS TO BUILD.

POWER STROKE 13 Valves remainclosed. Spark plug fires igniting fuelmixture. Piston moves down, turn of crankshaft. Heat is convertedto mechanicalenergy.

EXHAUST STROKE 14 Exhaustvalve opens. Piston move up, crankshaft makes turn. Exhaust gasesare pushed out polluting the atmosphere.

FOUR STROKE CYCLE ANIMATION 15

TWO STROKEENGINE

TWO STROKE ANIMATION 17

DIESEL ANIMATION 18

DIESELENGINE PETROL V/S PETROL ENGINE(S.I.) DIESELENGINE(C.I.) Ottocycle Air fuel mixture DIESEL CYCLE ONLY AIR SUCKED DURING SUCTION suctionstroke spark plug isneeded C.R.=6-12 Lowefficiency Lightweight Cheap Less vibration &noise Motor cycles, cars,light duty vehicles STROKE NOSPARK PLUG NEEDED C.R.=14-22 HIGHEFFICIENCY HEAVY COSTLY MORE TRUCKS,BUSES,GENSETS

FOURSTROKES TW OSTR OKES V/S FOURSTROKES TWOSTROKES Cycle-2rev &4strokes 1 Power stroke per 2 Rev valves Complicated,heavy ,costly Lesspower Flatpiston Moreefficiency Cars,bikes,trucks,buses CYCLE-1 REV & 2STROKES 1 POWER STROKE PER REV. PORTS SIMPLE,LIGHT WEIGHT , LOW COST MORE POWER FOR SAME SIZE ENGINE PISTON SHAPE CROWN LESS EFFICIENCY E.G, MOPEDS, SCOOTERS

WHAT IS A TURBINE? -ATurbineisadevicewhichconvertstheheatenergy ofsteamintothekineticenergy&thento rotational energy. -TheMotivePowerinasteamturbineisobtainedby therateofchangeinmomentumofahighvelocityjet ofsteamimpingingonacurvedbladewhichisfreeto rotate.