Insights on IPv4 Addressing Trends

This content discusses various aspects of IPv4 addressing, including allocations by RIR post-exhaustion, transfer volumes, imports and exports, market data on transfer pricing, and the age of transferred addresses. It also delves into the reasons behind 85% of transfers occurring in the RIPE region, providing a comprehensive view of the evolving landscape of IP address management.

• IPv4 addressing
• RIR allocations
• transfer volumes
• market data
• IP address management

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Presentation Transcript

1. Addressing 2021 Geoff Huston APNIC Labs

2. IPv4

3. IPv4 Over the Exhaustion Cliff IPv4 Address Allocations by RIR Post-Exhaustion Allocations

4. IPv4 Over the Exhaustion Cliff Pre-Exhaustion Number of IPv4 Allocations by RIR Post-Exhaustion Impact of last /8 rationing policies Covid impact in EU?

5. IPv4 Transfers Volume of Recorded Transfers Number of Recorded Transfers Recieving RIR 2012 2013 APNIC RIPE NCC ARIN LACNIC AFRINIC Total 2014 302 1,054 2015 451 2,836 2016 841 2,373 2017 834 2,451 2018 487 3,774 4,306 2019 528 4,221 2020 781 4,696 5,600 2021 786 5,743 150 6,768 159 10 185 171 3 22 26 26 68 94 2 3 9 17 4,844 27 26 80 169 356 1,356 3,290 3,236 3,311 Why are 85% of all transfers occurring in the RIPE region?

6. Imports and Exports: 2015 - 2021 Exports Imports Bilateral Trade Rank From 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 To Singapore Singapore Hong Kong India China India USA Japan China UK Saudi Arabia Hong Kong Germany China France UK Addrs (M) Rank From 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Addrs (M) Rank From 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Addrs (M) Australia USA Australia USA Canada Singapore Australia USA USA USA USA China USA Hong Kong USA EU Netherlands China Netherlands USA Romania India 8.6 5.5 4.3 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.2 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 United States o Australia United Kingdom Canada Netherlands Romania Singapore Russian Federa China Germany Ukraine Hong Kong Spe India European Unio Denmark France Austria Belgium Italy Poland 20.7 15.9 4.0 3.8 3.2 3.2 2.8 2.3 2.2 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 Singapore China Hong Kong USA India UK Japan Germany Saudi Arabia Spain Netherlands France Iran Italy Ireland Australia Brazil Russian Finland Philippines 14.8 6.4 6.1 5.7 5.6 3.7 3.3 3.1 2.9 2.2 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.6 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 Saudi Arabia Italy

7. Market Data on Transfer Pricing https://auctions.ipv4.global/prior-sales IPv4.Global - Hilco Streambank

8. Age of Transferred Addresses legacy addresses

9. Age of Transfer Transactions Policy-mandated minimum holding tenure in the RIPE region?

10. Recycling from the Reserved Pools ARIN AFRINIC APNIC RIPE NCC LACNIC

11. Unadvertised IPv4 Addresses Advertising the DoD legacy /8s

12. Unadvertised IPv4 Addresses - 2021 Advertising the DoD legacy allocations

13. Unadvertised vs Advertised Ratio

14. IPv4 Address Pool Movements 2021 advertised 210M 24M allocations unadvertised 186M

15. Where have IPv4 Addresses ended up? Allocated Address Pools Allocated Addresses Per Capita Rank Addrs (M) % Alloc 1 1,619.3 2 344.2 3 190.3 4 124.0 5 112.5 6 112.1 7 87.1 8 83.1 9 69.7 10 55.1 11 50.2 12 48.8 13 45.7 14 41.6 15 35.7 Name Rank Addrs (M) Per Capita 1 7.2 2 0.0 3 0.3 4 1,619.3 5 24.0 6 4.8 7 0.1 8 30.0 9 50.2 10 15.7 11 1.8 12 23.4 13 0.9 14 13.6 15 0.1 Name Seychelles Holy See Gibraltar USA Singapore MU Mauritius LI Liechtenstein SE Sweden NL Netherlands NO Norway LU Luxembourg CH Switzerland IS Iceland FI Finland VG British Virgin Islands 44% US USA 9% CN China 5% JP 3% DE 3% KR 3% GB UK 2% BR Brazil 2% FR 2% CA 2% IT 1% NL 1% AU Australia 1% RU Russia 1% IN 1% TW Taiwan 73.7 13.4 7.6 4.9 4.1 3.8 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.3 SC VA GI US SG Japan Germany Korea France Canada Italy Netherlands India

16. IPv6

17. IPv6 Allocations Covid impact in EU? Covid impact in LATAM?

18. IPv4 / IPv6 RIR Allocations IPv4 IPv6

19. IPv6 Addresses Allocated Covid impact?

20. Where did those addresses go each year? IPv6 Allocations (/32s) Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2017 Brazil USA Germany Russia Australia China Netherlands UK Indonesia Argentina 2018 Brazil 2019 Brazil 2020 Brazil 2021 USA 1,114 634 Russia 270 USA 220 Germany 211 China 208 Indonesia 194 UK 190 Bangladesh 187 India 178 Netherlands 1,049 638 USA 595 Russia 308 Germany 253 Indonesia 213 Netherlands 184 UK 183 Bangladesh 168 France 162 China 1,112 538 USA 502 Indonesia 407 India 366 Netherlands 342 Germany 223 Bangladesh 202 Russia 179 Australia 165 China 1,394 588 Russia 389 Brazil 226 Netherlands 199 India 192 UK 182 Bangladesh 128 Germany 118 Indonesia 115 Hong Kong 619 576 508 448 390 304 213 196 110 108

21. Whats the total picture so far? Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Allocated /48s % Alloc /48s p.c. 3,935,895,641 3,792,870,791 1,495,597,738 1,462,567,146 1,101,070,646 954,077,585 805,044,528 663,363,785 651,366,430 618,595,518 536,633,745 435,683,668 426,312,530 389,480,682 382,861,348 349,636,710 344,981,515 317,986,504 270,139,396 238,485,939 217,579,546 188,547,184 182,255,789 178,454,535 168,558,607 Advert /48s 1,653,209,907 1,285,400,632 1,014,063,396 408,882,366 182,214,358 160,941,809 372,779,283 507,761,324 410,311,962 308,144,893 349,049,644 354,673,448 87,418,647 217,710,656 116,707,622 282,569,431 4,202,786 289,469,714 269,942,784 110,620,777 44,449,846 110,110,496 70,165,085 28,946,521 154,767,902 Util % Name 42% China 34% USA 68% Germany 28% Ukraine 17% Russia 17% France 46% Netherlands 77% Japan 63% Italy 50% Australia 65% Brazil 81% Sweden 21% India 56% Poland 31% Spain 81% Argentina 1% Korea 91% South Africa 100% Egypt 46% Switzerland 20% Turkey 58% Czechia 39% Ukraine 16% Iran 92% Taiwan Advertised / Allocated 8.7% 8.3% 3.3% 3.2% 2.4% 2.1% 1.8% 1.5% 1.4% 1.4% 1.2% 1.0% 0.9% 0.9% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.7% 0.6% 0.5% 0.5% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 2.7 11.5 17.9 21.5 7.5 14.6 47 5.2 10.8 24.3 2.5 43.1 0.3 10.3 8.2 7.7 6.7 5.4 2.6 27.6 2.6 17.6 4.2 2.1 7.1 * I m using a count of /48s here to get the per capita numbers to make sense

22. Advertised vs Unadvertised Registry realignment in LACNIC

23. Comparing IPv4 to IPv6 Unadvertised Pool / Allocated Pool Registry realignment in LACNIC

24. IPv6 Use by % of users

25. IPv6 Use by geo location

26. Resources https://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6 https://resources.potaroo.net/iso3166/v6cc.html https://bgp.potaroo.net/v6/as2.0/index.html https://www.cidr-report.org/v6/as2.0/

27. Thats it! Thanks!

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