Impacts of the Inpatient Smoking Ban: Research Findings
This study by Casey Bohrman, MSW, PhD from West Chester University explores the effects of the smoking ban in inpatient drug treatment facilities in Philadelphia. Through a mixed-method design, the research examines the influence of the ban on treatment-seeking behavior and early discharges. The survey results reveal insights into participants' thoughts on treatment post-ban, smoking status during inpatient stays, availability of smoking cessation programs, and more.
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Presentation Transcript
IMPACTS OF THE INPATIENT SMOKING BAN Casey Bohrman, MSW, PhD West Chester University, Department of Graduate Social Work
Research questions Given Philadelphia s focus on increasing access to treatment, To what extent does the smoking ban in inpatient drug treatment facilities impact people s willingness to seek treatment? To what extent does the smoking ban impact to people s decisions to leave inpatient drug treatment early?
Methods Procedures: Mixed method design Survey research design using Qualtrics with 13 close-ended questions and one open-ended (Due to challenges accessing the internet, Angels in Motion provided a tablet for people to use) Screener: English speaking 18 years and older Currently experiencing a substance use disorder Currently smoking cigarettes Resident of Philadelphia 21 people did not qualify for the study, resulting in a sample of 124 112 fully completed survey
Sample Demographics Sample Demographics Number Percentage Gender Male Female Race White Black All other races Housing status Unhoused Housed 80 32 71% 29% 76 22 14 68% 20% 12% 58 54 52% 48%
Q1 - Have you thought about going to inpatient drug and alcohol treatment since January 2019 when smoking was banned? Answer % Count Yes 83.93% 94 No 16.07% 18 Total 100% 112 Answer % Count Yes 44.44% 8 No 55.56% 10 Total 100% 18
Q3 - How many times have you gone inpatient for drug and alcohol treatment since January 2019? Answer None One Two Three or more Total % 47.87% 25.53% 8.51% 18.09% Count 45 24 8 17 100% 94
Q4 - Were you able to smoke while inpatient? Answer % Count Yes No Total 36.73% 63.27% 100% 18 31 49
Q5 - Were you offered access to a smoking cessation program or device such as the patch? Answer Yes No Total % 87.76% 12.24% 100% Count 43 6 49
Q6 - Did you experience any delays in getting access to the smoking cessation program? Answer Yes No Total % 46.51% 53.49% 100% Count 20 23 43
Q7 - Did you leave drug and alcohol inpatient treatment early? Answer Yes No Total % 55.10% 44.90% 100% Count 27 22 49
Q8 - Were you kicked out or did you leave early on your own? Answer Kicked out Left early on my own Total % 7.41% 92.59% Count 2 25 100% 27
Q9 - Was smoking part of the reason you left? Answer Yes No Total % 85.19% 14.81% 100% Count 23 4 27
Q10 - How soon after leaving inpatient treatment did you start smoking again? Answer Within a week Within a day 59.18% Never stopped A month or more Total % 8.16% Count 4 29 13 26.53% 6.12% 3 100% 49
Q11 - Are you thinking about going into inpatient treatment for alcohol or drug use in the next 3 months? # 1 2 3 Answer Yes Maybe No Total % 59.82% 16.07% 24.11% 100% Count 67 18 27 112
Q12 - Will smoking impact your decision about whether to get inpatient treatment? Answer Yes Maybe No Total % 45.88% 9.41% 44.71% 100% Count 39 8 38 85
Q13 - Is smoking a factor in your decision not to go inpatient Answer Yes No Total % 40.74% 59.26% 100% Count 11 16 27
Q14 - Please provide us with any additional information you would like to share regarding your experiences with the smoking ban? In the process of doing a content analysis 12 in support, 7 have mixed opinions and 48 oppose
Sample Quotes In support It s needed Smoking is bad for your health I m ok with it Mixed Not for it, but I understand I get it, but you should still be able to smoke outside
Sample Quotes Opposed If I cannot smoke, I m afraid I will leave AMA Bad enough you have to stop fentanyl, then they want you to stop cigarettes Huge step backwards for recovery, it sucks The stress of quitting something else is holding me back It s unfair, one thing at a time, options for everyone
Discussion and Implications The smoking ban appears to be playing a role in some people s decisions about whether to enter inpatient treatment and in decisions to leave treatment early, particularly in a population of people with high levels of housing instability and high rates of leaving treatment early Further independent qualitative research on provider and client perspectives could create more insight into how barriers are operating There may be a need to pause the ban or to dedicate certain facilities as having outdoor smoking options to lower the bar to accessing treatment
