Impact of Storm Day Cancellations on Student Learning and Workplace Productivity

 
MISSING IN ACTION:
SCHOOL STORM DAYS, STUDENT ABSENTEEISM AND THE WORKPLACE
 
ATLANTIC INSTITUTE FOR MARKET STUDIES
AIMS POLICY PAPER
PAUL W. BENNETT
MAY 2019
 
A HARDY PERENNIAL
 
 
STORM DAY CANCELLATIONS MOUNT,
PUBLIC CONCERNS SURFACE, SCHOOL
AUTHORITIES REACT, REPORTS ARE ISSUED,
SCHOOL DAYS LOST ARE WRITTEN-OFF, AND
NOTHING MUCH CHANGES.
 
A RECURRENT
DEBATE
 
 
FIERCE PUBLIC DEBATE FLARES UP EACH
WINTER SEASON, ALMOST LIKE
CLOCKWORK, EVERY TIME THE MARITIME
REGION EXPERIENCES A RUN OF SCHOOL
DAY CLOSURES.
THE “ACCUMULATIVE EFFECT” INTERRUPTS
STUDENT LEARNING, DISRUPTS THE LIVES OF
FAMILIES, AND AFFECTS LABOUR
PRODUCTIVITY IN THE WORKPLACE.
 
A FLASHBACK
 
ALMOST A DECADE AGO, OUR AIMS
COMMENTARY, 
SCHOOL’S OUT, AGAIN
(APRIL 2010), DOCUMENTED THE PROBLEM
OF EXCESSIVE SNOW DAYS AND
DEMONSTRATED THAT NOVA SCOTIA AND
THE MARITIMES WERE ‘OUT-OF-LINE’
COMPARED TO OTHER CANADIAN REGIONS
WHEN IT CAME TO CANCELLING SCHOOL
FOR ALL KINDS OF REASONS, MAINLY BUT
NOT EXCLUSIVELY FOR ADVERSE WINTER
CONDITIONS.
 
FLASH FORWARD –
TO TODAY
 
INSTRUCTIONAL TIME LOST THROUGH
STORM DAY CANCELLATIONS REMAIMS A
SERIOUS PROBLEM ADVERSELY AFFECTING
STUDENT LEARNING WHEN OVER TWO
WEEKS OF SCHOOL ARE LOST TO
CLOSURES.
WHILE THE NUMBERS OF LOST DAYS VARIES
FROM SCHOOL DISTRICT TO DISTRICT, NOVA
SCOTIA AND NEW BRUNSWICK CANCEL
SCHOOL AN AVERAGE OF 10 DAYS A YEAR,
DOUBLE THAT OF A DECADE AGO.
 
.
 
CLIMATE CHANGE AND SNOWFALL, HALIFAX 1960-2019
 
CLIMATE CHANGE IS A FACTOR, BUT SNOWFALL AMOUNTS CANNOT ACCOUNT FOR THE HIGHER INCIDENCE OF FULL
DAY SCHOOL CLOSURES ( PATRICK DUPLESSIS, AIMS RESEARCH, 2019)
 
SNOWFALL AND SCHOOL CLOSURES
COMPARING TWO EDUCATIONAL JURISDICTIONS:
NOVA SCOTIA AND MASSACHUSETTS
 
SCHOOL CLOSINGS ARE SIGNIFICANTLY
HIGHER IN NOVA SCOTIA THAN IN
MASSACHUSETTS, WHERE COMPARABLE
STUDIES WERE CONDUCTED FOR 2003-2010.
SNOWFALL PATTERNS WERE SIMILAR, BUT
SCHOOLS CLOSED TWICE AS OFTEN IN NOVA
SCOTIA
STATE LAW LIMITS SCHOOL STORM DAYS TO
FIVE PER YEAR.
 
CANCELLING SCHOOL DAYS AND STUDENT
ABSENTEEISM
 
CANCELLING SCHOOL DAYS COMPOUNDS THE
PROBLEM OF STUDENT ABSENTEEISM
ONE IN FOUR STUDENTS IN NOVA SCOTIA AND
NEW BRUNSWICK ARE REPORTED TO BE
AFFECTED BY CHRONIC ABSENTEEISM ( MISSING
16 OR MORE DAYS A YEAR)
SOME 37 % OF N.S. MIDDLE SCHOOL AND 32%
OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS MISS 16 OR MORE
DAYS BECAUSE OF ABSENTEEISM (
BEING THERE
,
2016)
 
SCHOOL DAY CLOSURES AND FAMILY LIFE:
IMPACT OF DISRUPTIONS ON FAMILY AND THE WORKPLACE
 
 
“UNPLANNED SCHOOL CLOSURES ANNOUNCED IN THE EARLY
MORNING CAN AND DO HAVE UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES.
FAMILIES ARE LEFT SCRAMBLING TO REARRANGE THEIR LIVES
AND, WHERE BOTH PARENTS WORK OUTSIDE THE HOME, TO
FIND SAFE AND RELIABLE DAY CARE FOR YOUNGER CHILDREN.
 
“WORKING PARENTS EMPLOYED ON CONTRACT OR IN
THE HOURLY WAGE SERVICE SECTOR CAN SUFFER LOST
PAY BY MISSING WORK AND CANNOT STAY HOME
REPEATEDLY, PARTICULARLY IN SMALL ENTERPRISES OR
NON-UNION WORKPLACES.”
 
“I THINK WE NEED TO LOOK AT THE SITUATION BECAUSE IT IS CLEAR
WE ARE LOSING A LOT OF INSTRUCTIONAL HOURS BECAUSE OF THE
STORMS…(MANY PARENTS) STILL NEED TO GO TO WORK BECAUSE
THE REST OF THE ECONOMY DOES NOT STOP ON DAYS WHEN THE
SCHOOLS ARE CLOSED.”  
(HON. DOMINIC CARDY, RADIO CANADA,
DECEMBER 21, 2018).
 
MOVING FROM TALK TO ACTION:
SCHOOL CLOSURE POLICIES HAVE A RIPPLE EFFECT AND IT’S TIME TO ADOPT A REMEDIAL PLAN WITH FIVE KEY ELEMENTS:
 
a provincial guarantee to students and parents of a minimum number of instructional days (i.e., 180
days of actual instruction) each school year;
the establishment of a flexible school year calendar with provision for make-up instructional days,
including the substitution for PD Days and the option of adding days at the end of the year;
 complete the Rural Broadband expansion and introduce e-learning days during periods of severe
weather and dangerous roads;
a clear policy requiring the provision of student ‘homework bags’ when storms are forecast to bridge
the gaps and ensure continuity in learning; and
a more comprehensive, detailed study of the disruptive effects of school day interruptions, planned
and unplanned, on productivity in the workplace.
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Recurrent debate on storm day cancellations in the Maritime region affecting student learning, family lives, and workplace productivity. Nova Scotia and New Brunswick cancel an average of 10 days a year due to adverse winter conditions, doubling from a decade ago. Climate change is considered a factor, but snowfall amounts alone cannot explain the high number of school closures. A comparison between Nova Scotia and Massachusetts shows significantly higher school closure rates in Nova Scotia. This ongoing issue continues to disrupt educational settings and workforce efficiency.

  • Storm Day Cancellations
  • Student Learning
  • Workplace Productivity
  • Maritime Region
  • Climate Change.

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  1. MISSING IN ACTION: SCHOOL STORM DAYS, STUDENT ABSENTEEISM AND THE WORKPLACE ATLANTIC INSTITUTE FOR MARKET STUDIES AIMS POLICY PAPER PAUL W. BENNETT MAY 2019

  2. A HARDY PERENNIAL STORM DAY CANCELLATIONS MOUNT, PUBLIC CONCERNS SURFACE, SCHOOL AUTHORITIES REACT, REPORTS ARE ISSUED, SCHOOL DAYS LOST ARE WRITTEN-OFF, AND NOTHING MUCH CHANGES.

  3. A RECURRENT DEBATE FIERCE PUBLIC DEBATE FLARES UP EACH WINTER SEASON, ALMOST LIKE CLOCKWORK, EVERY TIME THE MARITIME REGION EXPERIENCES A RUN OF SCHOOL DAY CLOSURES. THE ACCUMULATIVE EFFECT INTERRUPTS STUDENT LEARNING, DISRUPTS THE LIVES OF FAMILIES, AND AFFECTS LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY IN THE WORKPLACE.

  4. A FLASHBACK ALMOST A DECADE AGO, OUR AIMS COMMENTARY, SCHOOL S OUT, AGAIN (APRIL 2010), DOCUMENTED THE PROBLEM OF EXCESSIVE SNOW DAYS AND DEMONSTRATED THAT NOVA SCOTIA AND THE MARITIMES WERE OUT-OF-LINE COMPARED TO OTHER CANADIAN REGIONS WHEN IT CAME TO CANCELLING SCHOOL FOR ALL KINDS OF REASONS, MAINLY BUT NOT EXCLUSIVELY FOR ADVERSE WINTER CONDITIONS.

  5. . FLASH FORWARD TO TODAY INSTRUCTIONAL TIME LOST THROUGH STORM DAY CANCELLATIONS REMAIMS A SERIOUS PROBLEM ADVERSELY AFFECTING STUDENT LEARNING WHEN OVER TWO WEEKS OF SCHOOL ARE LOST TO CLOSURES. WHILE THE NUMBERS OF LOST DAYS VARIES FROM SCHOOL DISTRICT TO DISTRICT, NOVA SCOTIA AND NEW BRUNSWICK CANCEL SCHOOL AN AVERAGE OF 10 DAYS A YEAR, DOUBLE THAT OF A DECADE AGO.

  6. CLIMATE CHANGE AND SNOWFALL, HALIFAX 1960-2019 CLIMATE CHANGE IS A FACTOR, BUT SNOWFALL AMOUNTS CANNOT ACCOUNT FOR THE HIGHER INCIDENCE OF FULL DAY SCHOOL CLOSURES ( PATRICK DUPLESSIS, AIMS RESEARCH, 2019)

  7. SNOWFALL AND SCHOOL CLOSURES COMPARING TWO EDUCATIONAL JURISDICTIONS: NOVA SCOTIA AND MASSACHUSETTS SCHOOL CLOSINGS ARE SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER IN NOVA SCOTIA THAN IN MASSACHUSETTS, WHERE COMPARABLE STUDIES WERE CONDUCTED FOR 2003-2010. SNOWFALL PATTERNS WERE SIMILAR, BUT SCHOOLS CLOSED TWICE AS OFTEN IN NOVA SCOTIA STATE LAW LIMITS SCHOOL STORM DAYS TO FIVE PER YEAR.

  8. CANCELLING SCHOOL DAYS AND STUDENT ABSENTEEISM CANCELLING SCHOOL DAYS COMPOUNDS THE PROBLEM OF STUDENT ABSENTEEISM ONE IN FOUR STUDENTS IN NOVA SCOTIA AND NEW BRUNSWICK ARE REPORTED TO BE AFFECTED BY CHRONIC ABSENTEEISM ( MISSING 16 OR MORE DAYS A YEAR) SOME 37 % OF N.S. MIDDLE SCHOOL AND 32% OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS MISS 16 OR MORE DAYS BECAUSE OF ABSENTEEISM (BEING THERE, 2016)

  9. SCHOOL DAY CLOSURES AND FAMILY LIFE: IMPACT OF DISRUPTIONS ON FAMILY AND THE WORKPLACE WORKING PARENTS EMPLOYED ON CONTRACT OR IN THE HOURLY WAGE SERVICE SECTOR CAN SUFFER LOST PAY BY MISSING WORK AND CANNOT STAY HOME REPEATEDLY, PARTICULARLY IN SMALL ENTERPRISES OR NON-UNION WORKPLACES. I THINK WE NEED TO LOOK AT THE SITUATION BECAUSE IT IS CLEAR WE ARE LOSING A LOT OF INSTRUCTIONAL HOURS BECAUSE OF THE STORMS (MANY PARENTS) STILL NEED TO GO TO WORK BECAUSE THE REST OF THE ECONOMY DOES NOT STOP ON DAYS WHEN THE SCHOOLS ARE CLOSED. (HON. DOMINIC CARDY, RADIO CANADA, DECEMBER 21, 2018). UNPLANNED SCHOOL CLOSURES ANNOUNCED IN THE EARLY MORNING CAN AND DO HAVE UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES. FAMILIES ARE LEFT SCRAMBLING TO REARRANGE THEIR LIVES AND, WHERE BOTH PARENTS WORK OUTSIDE THE HOME, TO FIND SAFE AND RELIABLE DAY CARE FOR YOUNGER CHILDREN.

  10. MOVING FROM TALK TO ACTION: SCHOOL CLOSURE POLICIES HAVE A RIPPLE EFFECT AND IT S TIME TO ADOPT A REMEDIAL PLAN WITH FIVE KEY ELEMENTS: a provincial guarantee to students and parents of a minimum number of instructional days (i.e., 180 days of actual instruction) each school year; the establishment of a flexible school year calendar with provision for make-up instructional days, including the substitution for PD Days and the option of adding days at the end of the year; complete the Rural Broadband expansion and introduce e-learning days during periods of severe weather and dangerous roads; a clear policy requiring the provision of student homework bags when storms are forecast to bridge the gaps and ensure continuity in learning; and a more comprehensive, detailed study of the disruptive effects of school day interruptions, planned and unplanned, on productivity in the workplace.

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