Identification and Management of Abortion: Overview and Guidelines

Abortion is a critical healthcare issue globally with a significant impact on maternal mortality. This document covers the definition, causes, classification, diagnosis, complications, and management of abortion, emphasizing the importance of understanding, prevention, and effective care to reduce risks and ensure women's health and well-being.

• Abortion
• Management
• Womens Health
• Maternal Mortality
• Healthcare

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1. IDENTIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT ABORTION Prepared by: Loveness Mwase Kaweche Mwase Ackson Chandula Warwick-Etatmba

2. OUTLINE Introduction Objectives Incidence Classification Causes Diagnosis Complications Management Prevention Warwick-Etatmba

3. INTRODUCTION Definition A process where a woman has threat or termination of (intrauterine) pregnancy by any means below 28 weeks safely or unsafely. More than half of abortions in developing country are unsafe. It may occur legally or illegally in safe, less safe, unsafe and very unsafe situations. One of a major contributing factor to maternal mortality rate with epidemiological evidence as a public health problem national wide and globally. Warwick-Etatmba

4. OBJECTIVES Understand definition, causes, prevention and management of Abortion Appreciate magnitude. Recognize presentation of complications. Practice effective management. Warwick-Etatmba

5. INCIDENCE Directly-9% Indirectly-43%(Hemorrhage +Sepsis Warwick-Etatmba

6. CLASSIFICATION It may be spontaneous or induced 1. According outcome Safe Unsafe 2. Clinically Threatening Complete Incomplete Missed Warwick-Etatmba

7. CAUSES Includes Maternal conditions e.g. infections, uterine defects, cervical incompetence and malaria Fetal conditions e.g. maldevelopment of ovum, Chromosomal abnormality and defective implantation. Underlining causes e.g. Nutritional status. Warwick-Etatmba

8. Tools used for abortion(unsafe) Cassava plant Alligator pepper, chalk and alum Bahaman grass Bleach Quinine and other Drugs

9. DIAGNOSIS Patient presentation. Comprehensive history taking and physical examination. Laboratory tests and radiological assessment. Warwick-Etatmba

10. COMPLICATIONS Short term Retained product of conception Hemorrhage Instrumental injury Shock Warwick -Etatmba

11. Complications Cont...d Long Term Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Tubal Occlusion Infertility Ectopic Pregnancy Chronic Pelvic Pain Warwick-Etatmba

12. MANAGEMENT It is done according to gestation age and classification using National guidelines. All abortions occurring at < 12 weeks; do Manual Vacuum Aspiration{MVA} and those occurring >12 weeks do evacuation and this include: History taking and full physical examination. Postal abortal care. Give Family planning Warwick-Etatmba

13. PREVENTION Counseling and Health Education Access to Family Planning methods Antenatal Services Screening for risk groups Warwick-Etatmba

14. REFERENCES 1. WHO Systemic Review of Causes of Maternal Death 2. US Agency for International Development 3. Life Saving Skills Manual. THANK YOU.