Fluid Flow and Measurement Devices
Rotational and Irrotational Flow
Are applicable to flow adjacent to a straight boundary.
Flow is rotational if each fluid particle has an angular velocity
about its own mass centre
Flow is Irrotational if the velocity is inversely proportional to
the radius, r. The two axes rotate in opposite directions
Dynamics of Fluid flows and laws of
fluid flow
Continuity Equation: A
1
V
1
= A
2
V
2
Energy Equation:
Most powerful tool used to analyze fluid flow problems.
Flow assumed to be steady and fluid frictionless and incompressible.
Momentum Equation:
Devices for flow Measurement
Venturimeter-
Device for measuring discharge of a pipe. Constriction in pipes
cross section which causes an increase in velocity at the throat.
Pitot tube-
device for measuring the velocity of flow of a fluid usually when
a free water surface exists.
Orifices-
used to measure flows Q=AV
Notches and Weirs-
Obstructions to flow intended to cause the fluid to backup behind
the weir or notch and flow through it in a regular fashion.
Triangular Notch and V-Notch:
Used when it is required that the
coefficient of discharge should remain constant over a wide range of head.
Pipe Flow
Steady turbulent
The concept of rotational and irrotational flow adjacent to a straight boundary, along with the dynamics of fluid flows and laws governing fluid flow like the continuity equation and energy equation, are discussed. Insights into devices for flow measurement such as venturimeter, pitot tube, orifices, notches, and weirs are provided, emphasizing their significance in measuring fluid flow. Additionally, aspects of pipe flow, particularly steady and turbulent flow, are explored.
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Presentation Transcript
Rotational and Irrotational Flow Are applicable to flow adjacent to a straight boundary. Flow is rotational if each fluid particle has an angular velocity about its own mass centre Flow is Irrotational if the velocity is inversely proportional to the radius, r. The two axes rotate in opposite directions
Dynamics of Fluid flows and laws of fluid flow Continuity Equation: A1V1= A2V2 Energy Equation: Most powerful tool used to analyze fluid flow problems. Flow assumed to be steady and fluid frictionless and incompressible. Momentum Equation:
Devices for flow Measurement Venturimeter- Device for measuring discharge of a pipe. Constriction in pipes cross section which causes an increase in velocity at the throat. Pitot tube- device for measuring the velocity of flow of a fluid usually when a free water surface exists. Orifices-used to measure flows Q=AV Notches and Weirs- Obstructions to flow intended to cause the fluid to backup behind the weir or notch and flow through it in a regular fashion. Triangular Notch and V-Notch: Used when it is required that the coefficient of discharge should remain constant over a wide range of head.
Pipe Flow Steady turbulent
