Fixed Action Patterns in Animal Behavior
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NAME TUBA SAHER
NAME TAKREEM ZAHID
FIXED ACTION PATTERN
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Fixed action patterns are said to be produced
Fixed action patterns are said to be produced
by the innate releasing mechanism, a "hard-
by the innate releasing mechanism, a "hard-
wired"
wired"
neural network
, in response to a
, in response to a
sign
stimulus
or releaser
or releaser
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Once released, a fixed action pattern runs to
Once released, a fixed action pattern runs to
completion
completion
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Fixed action patterns have been shown to be
Fixed action patterns have been shown to be
evolutionarily advantageous, as they increase both fitness
evolutionarily advantageous, as they increase both fitness
and speed
and speed
Characteristics
Characteristics
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Stereotyped: Fixed action patterns occur in rigid,
Stereotyped: Fixed action patterns occur in rigid,
predictable, and highly structured sequences
predictable, and highly structured sequences
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Complex: Fixed action patterns are not a simple reflex.
Complex: Fixed action patterns are not a simple reflex.
They are a complex pattern of behaviour
They are a complex pattern of behaviour
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Species-characteristic: Fixed action patterns occur
Species-characteristic: Fixed action patterns occur
in all members of a species of a certain sex and/or
in all members of a species of a certain sex and/or
a given age
a given age
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Released: Fixed action patterns occur in response
Released: Fixed action patterns occur in response
to a certain sign stimulus or releaser
to a certain sign stimulus or releaser
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Triggered: Once released, a fixed action pattern
Triggered: Once released, a fixed action pattern
continues to completion
continues to completion
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Independent of experience: A fixed action pattern
Independent of experience: A fixed action pattern
is not learned
is not learned
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A FAP is a series of action triggered by a cue
sometime called the key stimulus
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It is triggered by a sensory environmental
stimulus called a
sign stimulus
.
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The term sign stimulus also known as
The term sign stimulus also known as
a
a
releaser
, is the determining feature of a
, is the determining feature of a
stimulus that produces a response
stimulus that produces a response
EXAMPLE
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Three-spined stickleback, a small fresh
water fish, During the breeding season
male develop a red belly and display
innate aggressive behavior towards the
other males
.
.
OTHER EXAMPLE
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Fixed action pattern also occur in ground-
nesting water birds, like
graylag geese .
If a female graylag goose’s egg rolls out of her
nest , she will instinctively use her bill to push
the egg back in to the nest
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in a series of very predictable movements . If
the egg that rolls out of the nest is picked up
and taken away , the goose will keep moving
her head as though pushing an imaginary egg
Figure
Fixed action patterns are innate, stereotyped behaviors triggered by specific stimuli in animals. These behaviors are evolutionarily advantageous, occurring independently of individual experience. Examples include male sticklebacks displaying aggression during breeding and geese instinctively tending to eggs. Explore the characteristics and significance of fixed action patterns in animal behavior.
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Presentation Transcript
FIXED ACTION PATTERNS FIXED ACTION PATTERNS NAME TUBA SAHER NAME TAKREEM ZAHID
FIXED ACTION PATTERN Fixed action patterns are said to be produced by the innate releasing mechanism, a "hard- wired" neural network, in response to a sign stimulus or releaser Once released, a fixed action pattern runs to completion
Fixed evolutionarily advantageous, as they increase both fitness and speed action patterns have been shown to be Characteristics Stereotyped: Fixed action patterns occur in rigid, predictable, and highly structured sequences Complex: Fixed action patterns are not a simple reflex. They are a complex pattern of behaviour
Species-characteristic: Fixed action patterns occur in all members of a species of a certain sex and/or a given age Released: Fixed action patterns occur in response to a certain sign stimulus or releaser Triggered: Once released, a fixed action pattern continues to completion Independent of experience: A fixed action pattern is not learned
Sign stimulus Sign stimulus A FAP is a series of action triggered by a cue sometime called the key stimulus It is triggered by a sensory environmental stimulus called a sign stimulus. The a releaser, is the determining feature of a stimulus that produces a response term sign stimulus also known as
EXAMPLE Three-spined stickleback, a small fresh water fish, During the breeding season male develop a red belly and display innate aggressive behavior towards the other males. .
OTHER EXAMPLE Fixed action pattern also occur in ground- nesting water birds, like graylag geese . If a female graylag goose s egg rolls out of her nest , she will instinctively use her bill to push the egg back in to the nest in a series of very predictable movements . If the egg that rolls out of the nest is picked up and taken away , the goose will keep moving her head as though pushing an imaginary egg
