Exploring Vocabulary and Grammar Connection

 
 
Shadow words: Connecting
grammar and vocabulary
Alice Savage & Colin Ward
Lone Star College – North Harris
 
 
 
High frequency words
Words
 
 
Vocabulary selected from 
Trio Writing
Oxford University Press (in press)
 
The dynamic nature of words
 
“Words are not isolated units of language,
but fit into many interlocking systems.”
         
- Paul Nation
 
Which category is each word?
 
 
 
Ways to practice
 
Vocabulary strategies
 
Sensory Cues 
Joshua Foer
Multiple hits 
Paul Nation
Brief encounters 
Keith Folse
i + one – 
Stephen Krashen
Clusters and chunks 
Norbert Schmidt/Eli Hinkle
Reiteration 
– Diane Larsen-Freeman
 
 
 
Practice Activity 1: Strange Dictation
Student
Put your pen/pencil in
your left hand (or right
hand if you are left
handed)
Write the words you hear.
 
Repeat
Use your regular hand,
but write the words
backwards.
Teacher
Say the target
words once.
Say it in a
sentence.
Repeat the
words.
 
Practice Activity 2: Taboo
Partner A:
 
Face the screen.
Look at the phrases
and pictures.
Say anything you can
to help your partner
guess the phrase, but
do not say it.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Practice Activity 3: Mix & Match
Students:
Get in pairs.
Match words and
make phrases.
Make, ask  and
answer questions.
1.
Where?
2.
What?
3.
Why?
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Practice Activity 4: Word Forms
Partner A:
 
Look at phrase A.
Create a sentence that
describes the picture.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Partner B:
 
Look at phrase B.
Create a sentence that
describes the picture.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Practice activity 5: Flow Charts
Questions
1.
What is your favorite sentence?
2.
What does the sentence mean?
3.
What are some examples?
Students:
Write two sentences.
Share your sentences.
Discuss the meaning.
 
Practice activity 6: Assists
Add nouns or noun phrases to write simple
introductory sentences.
1. My son 
pointed
 at…
2. He was 
amazed
 by the…
3. In the 
distance
, there were…
4. We looked up and 
noticed
 a…
5. He had never 
experienced
 
Practice Activity 7: online 3-2-1
Students
:
Use your device. Go to 
www.just-the-word.com
Look up the target words.  Write:
3 phrases.
2 sentences.
1 question.
Share your phrases and sentences. Ask your partner
the question.   Answer your partner’s question.
 
Student A
ordinary
Student B
join
Other activity types
 
Pictionary
Hangman
Charades
Concentration
Word chains
Round robin
With a phone?
Contact Info & Website
 
Visit our website and blog!
englishendeavors.org
 
 
Contact us:
alice.o.savage@lonestar.edu
colin.s.ward@lonestar.edu
 
References
 
Clay, B., Blythe, R., Bybee, J., Christiansen, M., Croft, W., Ellis, N., Holland, J., Ke, J.,
 
Larson-Freeman, D., Shoenemann, T. (2009).  Language is a complex adaptive
 
System: Position Paper.  
Language Learning 59
 (pp. 1-26).  Michigan: University of
 
Michigan.
Ellis, R. (1997).  Vocabulary acquisition: word structure, collocation, word-class, and
 
meaning.  In N. Schmitt & M. McCarthy (Eds.), 
Vocabulary: Description,
 
acquisition, and pedagogy
 (pp. 122-139).  Cambridge:  Cambridge University
 
Press.
Foer, J (2011). 
Moonwalking with Einstein: The Art and Science of Remembering
 
Everything
. New York, NY: The Penguin Press
Granger, S. (1998).  Prefabricated patterns in advanced EFL writing: collocations and
 
lexical phrases.  In A. Cowie (Ed.), 
Phraseology: theory, analysis and applications
 
(pp. 145-160).  Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hinkel, E. (2012).  
Innovative and Efficient Construction Grammar
.  Selected papers
 
from the 21
st
 International Symposium on English Teaching.
  
English Teacher’s
 
Association, Republic of China (ETA-ROC), Taipei, 51-59.
Hinkel, E. (2011)  What research on second language writing tells us and what it
 
doesn’t.  In E. Hinkel (Ed.), 
Handbook of research in Second Language Teaching
 
and Learning, Volume 2 
(pp. 523-538).  New York: Routledge.
 
References
 
Hinkel, E. (2004) 
Teaching academic ESL writing:  Practical techniques in 
 
vocabulary
 
and grammar.  
Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Krashen, S. (1981). 
Second Language Acquisition and Second Language 
 
Learning
 
Theory
.  London: Pergamon Press Inc
Larsen-Freeman, D. (1997).  Chaos/complexity science and second 
 
language
 
acquisition.  
Applied Linguistics, 18, 
141-165.
Nation, I.S.P. (2001).  
Learning vocabulary in another language.
  
 
Cambridge:
 
Cambridge University Press.
Schmitt, N. (2000).  Lexical chunks.  
ELT Journal, Volume 54 (4)
.  Oxford: 
 
Oxford
 
University Press.
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Discover the interconnectedness of grammar and vocabulary through engaging activities and insights from experts. Explore high-frequency words, categorize words, and practice vocabulary strategies in fun ways. Engage in activities like strange dictation, taboo, and mixing adjectives with nouns to enhance language skills effectively.

  • Vocabulary
  • Grammar
  • Connection
  • Activities
  • Language Learning

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  1. Shadow words: Connecting grammar and vocabulary Alice Savage & Colin Ward Lone Star College North Harris

  2. High frequency words

  3. Words Content Grammar Shadow fork store smell traffic for the be since place important bring achieve Vocabulary selected from Trio Writing Oxford University Press (in press)

  4. The dynamic nature of words Words are not isolated units of language, but fit into many interlocking systems. - Paul Nation

  5. Which category is each word? Content Grammar Shadow 1. approach 2. hill 3. however 4. atmosphere 5. natural 6. sky 7. realize 8. towards

  6. Ways to practice

  7. Vocabulary strategies Sensory Cues Joshua Foer Multiple hits Paul Nation Brief encounters Keith Folse i + one Stephen Krashen Clusters and chunks Norbert Schmidt/Eli Hinkle Reiteration Diane Larsen-Freeman

  8. Practice Activity 1: Strange Dictation Student Put your pen/pencil in your left hand (or right hand if you are left handed) Write the words you hear. Teacher Say the target words once. Say it in a sentence. Repeat the words. Repeat Use your regular hand, but write the words backwards.

  9. Practice Activity 2: Taboo Partner A: Partner B: Face the screen. Look at the phrases and pictures. Say anything you can to help your partner guess the phrase, but do not say it. Face your partner with your back to the screen. Listen to your partner, and guess the phrase.

  10. Practice Activity 3: Mix & Match Adjectives Nouns Students: Get in pairs. Match words and make phrases. Make, ask and answer questions. popular stadiums dangerous gamers local sports talented athletes 1. Where? 2. What? 3. Why? professional competitions

  11. Practice Activity 4: Word Forms Partner A: Partner B: Look at phrase A. Create a sentence that describes the picture. Look at phrase B. Create a sentence that describes the picture.

  12. Practice activity 5: Flow Charts Questions 1. What is your favorite sentence? 2. What does the sentence mean? 3. What are some examples? Students: Write two sentences. Share your sentences. Discuss the meaning.

  13. Practice activity 6: Assists Add nouns or noun phrases to write simple introductory sentences. 1. My son pointedat 2. He was amazedby the 3. In the distance, there were 4. We looked up and noticeda 5. He had never experienced

  14. Practice Activity 7: online 3-2-1 Students: Use your device. Go to www.just-the-word.com Look up the target words. Write: 3 phrases. 2 sentences. 1 question. Share your phrases and sentences. Ask your partner the question. Answer your partner s question. Student A ordinary Student B join

  15. Other activity types Pictionary Hangman Charades Concentration Word chains Round robin With a phone?

  16. Contact Info & Website Visit our website and blog! englishendeavors.org Contact us: alice.o.savage@lonestar.edu colin.s.ward@lonestar.edu

  17. References Clay, B., Blythe, R., Bybee, J., Christiansen, M., Croft, W., Ellis, N., Holland, J., Ke, J., Larson-Freeman, D., Shoenemann, T. (2009). Language is a complex adaptive System: Position Paper. Language Learning 59 (pp. 1-26). Michigan: University of Michigan. Ellis, R. (1997). Vocabulary acquisition: word structure, collocation, word-class, and meaning. In N. Schmitt & M. McCarthy (Eds.), Vocabulary: Description, acquisition, and pedagogy (pp. 122-139). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Foer, J (2011). Moonwalking with Einstein: The Art and Science of Remembering Everything. New York, NY: The Penguin Press Granger, S. (1998). Prefabricated patterns in advanced EFL writing: collocations and lexical phrases. In A. Cowie (Ed.), Phraseology: theory, analysis and applications (pp. 145-160). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Hinkel, E. (2012). Innovative and Efficient Construction Grammar. Selected papers from the 21st International Symposium on English Teaching.English Teacher s Association, Republic of China (ETA-ROC), Taipei, 51-59. Hinkel, E. (2011) What research on second language writing tells us and what it doesn t. In E. Hinkel (Ed.), Handbook of research in Second Language Teaching and Learning, Volume 2 (pp. 523-538). New York: Routledge.

  18. References Hinkel, E. (2004) Teaching academic ESL writing: Practical techniques in vocabulary and grammar. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Krashen, S. (1981). Second Language Acquisition and Second Language Theory. London: Pergamon Press Inc Larsen-Freeman, D. (1997). Chaos/complexity science and second acquisition. Applied Linguistics, 18, 141-165. Nation, I.S.P. (2001). Learning vocabulary in another language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Schmitt, N. (2000). Lexical chunks. ELT Journal, Volume 54 (4). Oxford: University Press. Learning language Oxford

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