Exploring Ethical Value of Intention and Action in Islamic Practices

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Delve into the significance of intention and action in Islamic practices, focusing on prayer in Islam. Understand the ethical aspects of intentions and actions, and how they shape beliefs and behaviors. Explore the nuances of intentionality in kindness and unkind acts through thought-provoking scenarios.


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  1. Big Ideas for RE KS4 Curriculum Islam Practices (AQA a) Created in 2019. Project funded by

  2. 3: 3: Intention or Action: what Matters? Intention or Action: what Matters? BIG IDEAS LEARNING ETHICS: consideration of ethical value of intention and action BELIEFS: beliefs about value of intention in Islam CONTEXT: setting prayer in context of intention From the spec directions, ablution (wudu), movements (rak ahs) and recitations; Friday prayer (Jummah); key differences in Sunni and Shi a salah, different Muslim views about the importance of prayer. Salah in the home and mosque and elsewhere; Learning outcomes: Explain at least two details of Islamic prayer in terms of the intention behind them Give at least one reason for prayer in Islam based on the Qur an Offer a justified view as to the importance of intention when it comes to prayer in Islam Salah: how and why, including times, Resources 3 Prayer factsheet

  3. Lesson 3 Start with an ethical dilemma to frame the question: intention or action? (Examples on subsequent slide). Discuss the ethical questions surrounding intention and action: if an intended kindness has unfortunate results, is it still kindness? If intended unkindness never becomes reality, is it still unkindness? We will learn that in Islam intention counts as much as action. This is visible in prayer. Look at section 1 (requirement to pray) on 3 Prayer factsheet . Complete mix and match task. Ask class to suggest reasons why Muslims are required to pray. Read section 2: the Night Journey; the reason for 5 daily prayers. Ask the class to suggest Muhamad s intention in reducing 50 daily prayers to 5. [NB: it might help to discuss the Night Journey in terms of myth or legend. Religious mythical thinking is different to logic, scientific or historical thinking; it concerns miraculous feats of gods and heroes, supernatural events, etc. All cultures and religions have myths. Myth offers hope, guidance and spiritual meaning; an early form of therapy rather than history, science or logic] Section 3 gives information about Sunni and Shi a differences. Complete this section now, and/ or use in lesson 8: Do all Muslims do the Same Thing? Read about prayer actions (rak ahs) in section 4. Write intention beside each action. Read section 5: du a. Discuss the difference between set, public, regulated prayer and private prayer Return to ethical framing with questions on slide. Discuss in groups.

  4. Ethical dilemmas: intention or action? If you intend to do something kind for a friend, but the results are unfortunate, does the kind intention still count? For example, a friend has had a bad week. She is struggling with the recent death of her grandmother. You bake her a cake to cheer her up, forgetting that her grandmother was a great baker. The cake reminds brings up her bereavement and she feels even more sad. Is this still a kind gesture? If an unkind intention never becomes an unkind act, is it still unkind? For example, someone you do not like slips in the canteen and falls, spilling his lunch everywhere and hurting himself badly. You snap a picture of him on the floor, intending to post it on social media for a laugh. However your phone is full and by the time you have made space, he has been helped up and taken away. You missed your chance. Is this still an unkind act?

  5. Intention in prayer: Questions for discussion Mo doesn t know when to pray. His watch and phone are broken. There is no Adhan in his area. Is his prayer acceptable if the time is wrong? Jamila is at a conference. She has asked for a room to pray in. It does not seem very clean, and smells strange. Will she be clean enough for prayer? 5 hospital doctors shifts coincide with Jummah prayers. They grab 10 minutes to pray in a broom cupboard. Can this be considered communal prayers? Bilal has just been sacked. He is furious and worried. He thinks he is the victim of discrimination. He cannot concentrate on his prayers. Is he still praying? Jasmine prays at work in her lunch break. She senses her colleagues resent this as a waste of work time. She is sometimes stressed when she prays. Is she praying? Shereen is teaching her little sister some rak ahs. She wants her to keep up in the mosque. Her sister keeps getting mixed up. Is she praying if the actions are incorrect?

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