Exploring Collimators and Bunkers at ESS for Accelerator Radiation Activation
Dive into the study of collimators for a curved beamline, the design of ESS bunkers, and the innovative NMX instrument for biological macromolecule structure determination at the 4th International Workshop on Accelerator Radiation Induced Activation.
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Study of the collimators for curved beamline at ESS V. Santoro D. Di Julio, P. Bentley, S. Ansell, G. Muhrer ESS
The ESS instrument suite 2 2 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
The ESS bunker (I) The ESS bunker is a common shielding structure, which extends from the outer surface of the monolith, located at 5.5m from the target, to 15 m for the short instrument sector and to 28m in the long instrument sectors The Bunker is filled of components, metallic guides, chopper, shutter collimators. We would like to have access to the inside of the bunker during maintenance in steady operation 3 3 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
The ESS bunker (II) Bunker Wall Bunker Wall Bunker Bunker Target Proton Beam 4 4 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
Straight and curved instrument Sample position Source High Energy Neutrons Cold / thermal Neutrons Sample position Source 5 5 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
T he N M X instrument The NMX instrument is a time-of-flight (TOF) quasi- Laue diffractometer optimised for small samples and large unit cells. NMX is dedicated to the structure determination of biological macromolecules by crystallography. The scientific driver is to locate the hydrogen atoms Where are the hydrogen important? Enzyme Mechanism Protein-ligand interactions Proton transport across membranes 6 6 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
N M X O riginal D esign N M X O riginal D esign 7 7 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
E S S M C N P model E S S M C N P model Engineering Model MCNP Model WEST SOUTH EAST NORTH MCNP Model for target +Bunker+instrument hall +instrument cave produced with Comblayer package developed by Stuart Ansell https://github.com/SAnsell/CombLayer 8 8 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
GEOMETRY of the NMX GEOMETRY of the NMX Beamline Beamline (1) (1) NMX (W1) Bunker Wall Long sector Long sector Short sector Short sector 9 9 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
GEOMETRY of the NMX GEOMETRY of the NMX Beamline Beamline ( (2 2) ) Moderator Guide in the Monolith Width 4.5 cm (@2m) 3.5 cm @ 5.5 m Height 4.5 cm (@2m) 4.5 cm @ 5.5 m Copper Substrate Guide in the Bunker Width 4.5 cm (@6 m) Height 3.0 cm (@ 6 m) Aluminum Substrate The guide bends with 1.2km radius of curvature 1 0 1 0 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
GEOMETRY of the NMX GEOMETRY of the NMX Beamline Beamline (3) (3) Out of the bunker wall ~ 28m from the moderator Moderator What we are trying to achieve: after the bunker wall the fast neutron background will be almost negligible and the beam will be composed only by thermal and cold neutrons 1 1 1 1 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
Source term @ 2m position (1) Source term @ 2m position (1) 1 2 1 2 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
Source term @ 2m position Source term @ 2m position (2) (2) Proton Beam Zoom of the BeamLine in in the target region Monolith Beam Line Moderator 2m from the moderator entrance of the beam line 1 3 1 3 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
50 cm W or Cu collimators at 16m and 24m 50 cm W or Cu collimators at 16m and 24m Bunker Wall Monolith 50 cm W collimator around 16m 50cm Cu/W around 16m 50cm W/Cu ~ 24m Guide Substrate 1 4 1 4 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
DOSE MAP for NMX before the bunker DOSE MAP for NMX before the bunker wall without wall without c collimator ollimator mSv/h Main Beam somewhere here Before the Bunker wall x=2419, y -29.6 z=13.93 1 5 1 5 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
DOSE MAP for NMX before the bunker DOSE MAP for NMX before the bunker wall with a W wall with a W c collimator ollimator mSv/h Main Beam somewhere here Before the Bunker wall x=2419, y -29.6 z=13.93 1 6 1 6 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
DOSE MAP for NMX before the bunker DOSE MAP for NMX before the bunker wall with 2 W collimators wall with 2 W collimators mSv/h Main Beam somewhere here Before the Bunker wall x=2419, y -29.6 z=13.93 1 7 1 7 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
Collimators in the bunker(I) Collimators in the bunker(I) mSv/h First collimator Second collimator 1 8 1 8 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
Collimators in the bunker(II) Collimators in the bunker(II) Out of the bunker wall ~ 28m from the moderator Moderator Position of the first collimator 1 9 1 9 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
Neutron energy spectrum in the collimator for different Neutron energy spectrum in the collimator for different materials materials 2 0 2 0 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
Neutron Energy Spectrum Out Bunker (28m) Neutron Energy Spectrum Out Bunker (28m) 2 1 2 1 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
W and Copper Collimator Activation W and Copper Collimator Activation 1 day of cool 1 day of cool down down Copper Tungsten m mSv/h 1000 mSv/h 400 mSv/h After 10 years of operation 2 2 2 2 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
Steel Collimator Activation Steel Collimator Activation 1 day of cool 1 day of cool down down m mSv/h Mild Steel 250 mSv/h After 10 years of operation 2 3 2 3 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
W and Copper Collimator Activation W and Copper Collimator Activation 7 7 days of cool days of cool down down Copper Tungsten m mSv/h 26 mSv/h 60 mSv/h After 10 years of operation 2 4 2 4 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
Steel Collimator Activation Steel Collimator Activation 7 7 days of cool days of cool down down m mSv/h Mild Steel 240 mSv/h After 10 years of operation 2 5 2 5 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
Conclusions Conclusions We have performed neutronic calculation of the NMX instrument at ESS W or Cu Collimators significantly decrease the dose outiside the bunker (very low high energy component) W or Cu collimators are a better choice than steel collimators due to the activation considerations 2 6 2 6 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
BACK BACK- -UP SLIDES UP SLIDES 2 7 2 7 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
Comparison Comparison between Straight and curved guide between Straight and curved guide 2 8 2 8 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
Comparison of the neutron energy spectrum at Comparison of the neutron energy spectrum at 5.5 starting from proton and from neutron 5.5 starting from proton and from neutron source at 2m source at 2m 2 9 2 9 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
S lice of the beam line at 6 m Neutrons Energy > 0.1 Neutrons Energy > 0.1 keV keV Guide Neutron Flux n/cm2s 3 0 3 0 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
S lice of the beam line at 1 2 m Neutrons Energy > 0.1 Neutrons Energy > 0.1 keV keV Guide Neutron Flux n/cm2s 3 1 3 1 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
S lice of the beam line at 1 8 m Neutrons Energy > 0.1 Neutrons Energy > 0.1 keV keV Guide Neutron Flux n/cm2s 3 2 3 2 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
S lice of the beam line at 2 3 9 9 m Neutrons Energy > 0.1 Neutrons Energy > 0.1 keV keV Neutron Flux n/cm2s Guide Main Beam somewhere here 3 3 3 3 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
N M X N M X in in t the B unker he B unker LONG INSTRUMENT SECTOR Proton Beam W1 NMX 11.5 m 24.5 m SHORT INSTRUMENT SECTOR CAD view NMX 3.5 m NMX Original Design NMX Original Design 3 4 3 4 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
N M X N M X in in t the B unker: 2 m from the M oderator he B unker: 2 m from the M oderator Neutron Energy Spectrum 2m from the moderator 1 eV W1 NMX Original Design NMX Original Design 3 5 3 5 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
N M X N M X in in t the B unker: 6 m from the moderator he B unker: 6 m from the moderator Neutron Energy Spectrum 6m from the moderator W1 NMX Original Design NMX Original Design 3 6 3 6 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
N M X N M X in in the B unker: the B unker: 1 2 m 1 2 m from the moderator from the moderator Neutron Energy Spectrum 12m from the moderator W1 NMX Original Design NMX Original Design 3 7 3 7 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
N M X N M X in in the B unker: the B unker: 1 8 m 1 8 m from the moderator from the moderator Neutron Energy Spectrum 18m from the moderator W1 NMX Original Design NMX Original Design 3 8 3 8 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
N M X N M X in in the B unker: the B unker: 2 4m 2 4m from the moderator from the moderator Neutron Energy Spectrum 24m from the moderator W1 NMX Original Design NMX Original Design 3 9 3 9 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
N M X E nergy S pectra NMX Original Design NMX Original Design M C N P entries/ divided by B in W idth 40 40 4thInternational W orkshop on A ccelerator R adiation Induced A ctivation
