Ethnobotanical Medicinal Practices in Different Cultures
E
T
H
N
O
B
O
T
A
N
Y
Ethnobotanical
Medicines
Exercise
Adapted
from
Teaching
eHRAF
Exercise
3.1:
Topics
in
Medical
Anthropology,
Section
5:
Ethnobotany and its
Medical
Uses
by
Christiane
Cunnar
This
exercise
asks
you
to
explore
ethnobotanical
practices
across
several
societies.
E
T
H
N
O
B
O
T
A
N
I
C
A
L
M
E
D
I
C
I
N
E
Tobacco
plant
botanical
drawing drawn
and
engraved
by
Copland
&
Samsun
1789.
Public
Domain
Image
This
Teaching
Exercise
is
provided
by
the
Human
Relations
Area
Files
at
Yale
University
in
New
Haven,
CT
E
X
E
R
C
I
S
E
D
E
T
A
I
L
S
This
Teaching
Exercise
is
provided
by
the
Human
Relations
Area
Files
at
Yale
University
in
New
Haven,
CT
TIME
:
30
minutes
MATERIALS
REQUIRED:
➤
➤
HRAF
Access
Worksheet
and
pen
or
other
materials
for
recording
answers
STUDENT
LEARNING
OUTCOMES:
At
the
end
of
this
assignment,
you
will
be
able
to:
➤
➤
➤
compare
and
contrast
the
cultural
views
regarding
medicinal
properties
of
common
plants,
herbs,
and
fruits.
construct
e
ff
ective
and
e
ffi
cient
search
strategies in
eHRAF
in
order
to
retrieve
data
relevant
to
a
specific
topic/assignment.
appreciate
the
cultural
diversity
of medicinal
knowledge
across
the
globe
In
many
traditional
medical
practices, plants,
herbs,
and
fruits
are
used
for
their
healing
properties.
Assembled
herbs.
Jonas
Weckschmied on Flickr.
Public
Domain
Image
This
Teaching
Exercise
is
provided
by
the
Human
Relations
Area
Files
at
Yale
University
in
New
Haven,
CT
For
example,
the
antiseptic
properties
of
garlic
are
known
to
a
great
number
of
societies.
Garlic
has
been
used
to
cure
everything
from
bites,
colds,
boils,
and
furuncles,
to
wounds
and
fevers.
This
Teaching
Exercise
is
provided
by
the
Human
Relations
Area
Files
at
Yale
University
in
New
Haven,
CT
A
basket
of
garlic
cloves
from
the
farmer’s
market.
By
Jeremy
Keith
from
Brighton
&
Hove,
United
Kingdom
[CC
BY
2.0
(http://
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)],
via
Wikimedia
Commons
Ginger
is
also
widespread
as
a
remedy.
It
is not
only
u
s
e
d
f
o
r
t
r
e
a
t
i
ng
e
y
e
i
nfla
m
m
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
s
t
o
m
a
c
h
-
a
c
h
e
s
,
fevers
and
colds,
but
it
is
also
used
for
childbirth.
Ginger
and
its
Varieties.
McCormick
and
company
[Public
domain],
via
Wikimedia
Commons
This
Teaching
Exercise
is
provided
by
the
Human
Relations
Area
Files
at
Yale
University
in
New
Haven,
CT
Rosemary
is
a
good
“general”
herbal medication
and
will
cure
everything
from
headaches
to
toothaches.
This
Teaching
Exercise
is
provided
by
the
Human
Relations
Area
Files
at
Yale
University
in
New
Haven,
CT
Rosemary
sketch.
By
Unknown
artist
from
Italy
[Public
domain],
via
Wikimedia
Commons
In
this
exercise,
you
will
explore
the
medicinal
uses
of
a
specific
plant,
herb,
or
fruit
across
a
number
of
societies
and
world
regions
in
order
to
better
grasp
variations
in
traditional
medicinal
practices.
A
S
S
I
G
N
M
E
N
T
Selection
of
Apothecary
Jars.
Wellcome
Images.
UK
CC
4.0
via
Wikimedia.
This
Teaching
Exercise
is
provided
by
the
Human
Relations
Area
Files
at
Yale
University
in
New
Haven,
CT
A
S
S
I
G
N
M
E
N
T
P
A
R
T
1
➤
➤
➤
➤
➤
Garlic
Basil
Ginger
G
i
n
se
ng
Juniper
➤
➤
➤
➤
Mint
Parsley
R
o
s
e
m
a
r
y
Sage
Choose
a
plant,
herb,
or
fruit
from
the
following
list
A selection
of
jars
containing
herbs and
other
ingredients
used
by
Cunning
folk
in
Britain.
Museum
of
Witchcraft.
Photo
by
Midnightblueowl.
CC
1.0
This
Teaching
Exercise
is
provided
by
the
Human
Relations
Area
Files
at
Yale
University
in
New
Haven,
CT
This
Teaching
Exercise
is
provided
by
the
Human
Relations
Area
Files
at
Yale
University
in
New
Haven,
CT
Now,
create
a
table
of
your
chosen
plant
&
medicinal
uses
across the
world.
➤
➤
Perform
an
advanced
search
in
eHRAF.
Combine
the
name
of
your
plant
(as
a
keyword)
with
medicinally-related
OCM
identifiers
across
world
regions.
Tip:
Use
OCM
subjects
such
as
bodily
injuries,
mental
and
magical
therapy,
medical
therapy, pharmaceuticals,
child
birth,
post-natal
care, and
more.
Example
Table:
A
S
S
I
G
N
M
E
N
T
P
A
R
T
1
A
S
S
I
G
N
M
E
N
T
P
A
R
T
2
This
Teaching
Exercise
is
provided
by
the
Human
Relations
Area
Files
at
Yale
University
in
New
Haven,
CT
1.
Across
societies
in
your
table,
are
there
similar
symptoms
that
this
plant
is
used
to
treat—or
similar
e
ff
ects
that
it
is
used
to
produce?
List
the
symptoms/syndromes
and
societies.
(5
minutes)
2.
Do
any
of
societies
explain
the
e
ff
ects
of
your
chosen
plant
(or
the
illness
the
plant
is
used
to
treat)
in
identical
(or
nearly
identical)
ways?
Explain.
(5
minutes)
R
E
S
O
U
R
C
E
S
Assignment
Rubric,
Tips,
References
A selection
of
jars
containing
herbs and
other
ingredients
used
by
Cunning
folk
in
Britain.
Museum
of
Witchcraft.
Photo
by
Midnightblueowl.
CC
1.0
This
Teaching
Exercise
is
provided
by
the
Human
Relations
Area
Files
at
Yale
University
in
New
Haven,
CT
R
U
B
R
I
C
This
Teaching
Exercise
is
provided
by
the
Human
Relations
Area
Files
at
Yale
University
in
New
Haven,
CT
➤
The
following
rubric
is
suggested
for
evaluating
responses:
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
S
This
Teaching
Exercise
is
provided
by
the
Human
Relations
Area
Files
at
Yale
University
in
New
Haven,
CT
➤
➤
➤
➤
Check
out
the
Advanced
Search
Tutorial
for
detailed
instructions
on
conducting
searches in
eHRAF
World
Cultures.
For
information
on ethnobotanical
practices
in
the
archaeological
record,
check
out
eHRAF
Archaeology
.
For
more
exercises
and
teaching
resources
related
to
human
societies
past
and
present,
explore
Teaching
eHRAF
.
For
a
more
detailed
version
of
this
particular
exercise
with
additional
questions
and
activities
check
out
Teaching
eHRAF
Exercise
3.1:
Topics
in
Medical
Anthropology,
Section
5:
Ethnobotany
and
its
Medical
Uses
by
Christiane
Cunnar
Traditional medical practices in various societies utilize plants, herbs, and fruits for their healing properties. Common examples include garlic and ginger, known for their antiseptic and remedial qualities. This teaching exercise from Yale University delves into the diverse cultural perspectives on medicinal properties of natural resources and emphasizes effective search strategies in studying ethnobotany.
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ETHNOBOTANY Ethnobotanical MedicinesExercise Adapted from Teaching eHRAF Exercise 3.1: Topics in Medical Anthropology, Section 5: Ethnobotany and its Medical Usesby Christiane Cunnar
Tobacco plant botanical drawing drawn and engraved by Copland& Samsun 1789. Public DomainImage This exercise asks you to explore ethnobotanical practices across several societies. ETHNOBOTANICAL MEDICINE This Teaching Exercise is provided by the Human Relations Area Files at Yale University in New Haven, CT
EXERCISE DETAILS TIME: 30 minutes MATERIALS REQUIRED: HRAF Access Worksheet and pen or other materials for recording answers STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES: At the end of this assignment,youwill be able to: compare and contrast the cultural views regarding medicinal properties of common plants, herbs, and fruits. construct effective and efficient search strategies in eHRAF in order to retrieve data relevant to a specific topic/assignment. appreciate the cultural diversity of medicinal knowledge across the globe This Teaching Exercise is provided by the Human Relations Area Files at Yale University in New Haven, CT
In many traditional medical practices, plants, herbs, and fruits are used for their healing properties. Assembled herbs. Jonas Weckschmied on Flickr. Public DomainImage This Teaching Exercise is provided by the Human Relations Area Files at Yale University in New Haven, CT
For example, the antiseptic properties of garlic are known to a great number of societies. Garlic has been used to cure everything from bites, colds, boils, and furuncles, to wounds and fevers. Abasket of garlic clovesfrom the farmer s market. ByJeremy Keith from Brighton&Hove, UnitedKingdom[CC BY2.0 (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via WikimediaCommons This Teaching Exercise is provided by the Human Relations Area Files at Yale University in New Haven, CT
This Teaching Exercise is provided by the Human Relations Area Files at Yale University in New Haven, CT Ginger is also widespread as a remedy. It is not only used for treating eye inflammations, stomach-aches, fevers and colds, but it is also used for childbirth. Ginger and its Varieties. McCormick and company [Public domain], via WikimediaCommons
Rosemary is a good general herbal medication and will cure everything from headaches to toothaches. Rosemary sketch. By Unknown artist from Italy [Public domain], via WikimediaCommons This Teaching Exercise is provided by the Human Relations Area Files at Yale University in New Haven, CT
Inthis exercise,youwill explore the medicinalusesof a specific plant, herb, or fruit across a number of societies and world regions in order to better grasp variations intraditional medicinal practices. ASSIGNMENT Selection of ApothecaryJars.WellcomeImages. UKCC4.0 via Wikimedia. This Teaching Exercise is provided by the Human Relations Area Files at Yale University in New Haven, CT
A selection of jars containing herbs and other ingredients used by Cunning folk in Britain. Museum of Witchcraft. Photo by Midnightblueowl. CC1.0 ASSIGNMENT PART 1 Choose a plant, herb, or fruitfrom the following list Garlic Basil Ginger Ginseng Juniper Mint Parsley Rosemary Sage This Teaching Exercise is provided by the Human Relations Area Files at Yale University in New Haven, CT
ASSIGNMENT PART 1 Now, create a table of your chosen plant & medicinal uses across the world. Perform an advanced search in eHRAF. Combine the name of your plant (as a keyword) with medicinally-related OCM identifiers across world regions. Tip: Use OCM subjects such as bodily injuries, mental and magical therapy, medical therapy, pharmaceuticals, child birth, post-natal care, andmore. Example Table: CultureName BodilyInjuries MagicalTherapy Childbirth Basil leaves and stems crushed and applied as a poultice to open wounds and burns Basil leaves crumbled and spread at doorways to ward off evil energies CulturalA No Basil stems chewed by mother, burned as incense in room Basil root applied to skin over sprains Culture B No This Teaching Exercise is provided by the Human Relations Area Files at Yale University in New Haven, CT
ASSIGNMENT PART 2 1. Across societies in your table, are there similar symptoms that this plant is used to treat or similar effects that it is used to produce? List the symptoms/syndromes and societies. (5 minutes) 2. Do any of societies explain the effects of your chosen plant (or the illness the plant is used to treat) in identical (or nearly identical) ways? Explain. (5 minutes) This Teaching Exercise is provided by the Human Relations Area Files at Yale University in New Haven, CT
This Teaching Exercise is provided by the Human Relations Area Files at Yale University in New Haven, CT RESOURCES Assignment Rubric, Tips,References A selection of jars containing herbs and other ingredients used by Cunning folk in Britain. Museum of Witchcraft. Photo by Midnightblueowl. CC1.0
RUBRIC The following rubric is suggested for evaluating responses: Needs Improvement (25%) Satisfactory (75% Outstanding (100%) Unsatisfactory (0%) Assignment Part 1: Data Collection Needs Improvement Satisfactory Outstanding Unsatisfactory Table for plant use include smultiple societies across several subjects Table for plant use includes multiple societies across diverse subjects and include citations. Table for plant use in eHRAF is absent Tables for plant use is sparsely filled in with very few societies. Needs Improvement Outstanding Satisfactory Commentary on research findings is not comprehensive and /or persuasive. Major points are addressed, but not well supported. Responses are inadequate or do not address topic or response to the questions Specific examples do not support topic or response to the questions. Evaluation and analysis of research findings is accurate. Major points are stated. Responses are adequate and address the question at hand. Content is accurate A specific example from the research is used. Evaluation and analysis of research findings is accurate and persuasive. Major points are stated clearly and are well supported. Responses are excellent and address questions Content is clear. Several specific examples from the research are used. Assignment Part 2: Questions 1-2 Unsatisfactory Major points are not clear. Specific examples are not used. This Teaching Exercise is provided by the Human Relations Area Files at Yale University in New Haven, CT
REFERENCES Check out the Advanced Search Tutorial for detailed instructions on conducting searches in eHRAF World Cultures. For information on ethnobotanical practices in the archaeological record, check out eHRAF Archaeology. For more exercises and teaching resources related to human societies past and present, explore Teaching eHRAF. For a more detailed version of this particular exercise with additional questions and activities check out Teaching eHRAF Exercise 3.1: Topics in Medical Anthropology, Section 5: Ethnobotany and its Medical Usesby ChristianeCunnar This Teaching Exercise is provided by the Human Relations Area Files at Yale University in New Haven, CT
