Enhancing Divergent Thinking in Elementary School Biology Education
Explore the measurement of divergent thinking in sixth-grade biology students through tutoring activities. Investigate the impact of gender and parental professions on divergent thinking skills development. Emphasizing creativity and problem-solving abilities in science education.
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Measuring the Divergent Thinking Ability in Biology Science Process Skills of Elementary School Students Based on Tutoring Activities Ikhsanudin1and Bambang Subali2 Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Serang, Indonesia1 Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia1,2 (E-mail: ikhsanudin@untirta.ac.id / ikhsanudin.2019@student.uny.ac.id1)
Research Background Biology (Campbell, 2010: 18) Science Scientific Inquiry Scientific Inquiry Applying the Science Process Skills (Carin & Sund, 1989; Brum & McKane, 1989; Bryce, 1990; Rezba, 1995; Rustaman, 2003) Biology Learning Scientific Approach Inquiry Based Learning (Ministry of Education, 2006: 161) Biology (Science) Learning Mastery the Process and Products of Science (Carin & Sund, 1989: 4-5) ICEE 2022 The Transformation of Elementary Education for Welcoming Smart Society 5.0
Research Background Buxton (2011) states that another important quality of scientific inquiry is creativity. In line with this, Khine (2013) says that the creativity of scientists plays an important role in the process of inquiry. is divergent One of the characteristics of creativity thinking (Santrock, 2014: 20). Lumsdaine (1995:17-18) explains that the ability of divergent thinking is needed by a person to solve problems critically and creatively. Divergent thinking pattern is a thought which produces various possible answers or ideas in solving a problem, whereas convergent thinking patterns provide one of the most precise answers to a problem (Munandar, 1985: 51). ICEE 2022 The Transformation of Elementary Education for Welcoming Smart Society 5.0
Research Background Biology (Science) Learning Formally, it is Begining at Elementary School (Ministry of Education) Elementary School Periode is a significance periode to develops the thinking ability of child (student), include the divergent and convergent thinking (Kartono, 2007: 133). Nowadays, many parents have provided additional learning hours to their children through the outside-school learning activity. That kind of learning can be done either by tutoring agency or by parent. ICEE 2022 The Transformation of Elementary Education for Welcoming Smart Society 5.0
Research Objectives Measuring the divergent thinking ability in biology science process skills of the sixth-grade students at elementary schools in relation to tuition classes (tutoring programs/activities) along with the influence of gender aspect and parent s professions. ICEE 2022 The Transformation of Elementary Education for Welcoming Smart Society 5.0
Research Method This research is a quantitative-descriptive research by a survey method. The research sample consists of 603 sixth grade students at 18 elementary schools which determined by purposive sampling. The divergent thinking ability of the students is demonstrated by the score of an open-ended test. The test is a written test which has been developed and standardized by Subali (2015). The information about the difficulty and mean ability index was published by Subali et al. (2016) in Asia-Pacific Forum Journal, Volume 17, Issue 1, Article 2. The data about tuition class activities, gender, and parents occupation of students is obtained using a questionnaire which is filled out by the student before they are taking the tests. ICEE 2022 The Transformation of Elementary Education for Welcoming Smart Society 5.0
Results & Discussions ICEE 2022 The Transformation of Elementary Education for Welcoming Smart Society 5.0
Results & Discussions ICEE 2022 The Transformation of Elementary Education for Welcoming Smart Society 5.0
Results & Discussions ICEE 2022 The Transformation of Elementary Education for Welcoming Smart Society 5.0
Results & Discussions ICEE 2022 The Transformation of Elementary Education for Welcoming Smart Society 5.0
Conclusions The divergent thinking ability of biology science process skills of the sixth-grade students at elementary schools belongs to a low category. The elementary school students who follow a tutoring program have higher divergent thinking ability than those who do not. There are effects of gender aspect and parent s professions toward the divergent thinking ability of biology science process skills of the sixth-grade students regarding the tutoring activities. ICEE 2022 The Transformation of Elementary Education for Welcoming Smart Society 5.0
Suggestions Teachers, tutors, and parents should work together to develop the student s thinking ability both convergent or divergent patterns to enhance their creative and critical thinking. Teacher can be developing the measurement to assess the divergent thingking ability in general aspect, for example, by using the open-ended test. It requires conducting further research on the development of divergent thinking ability. It is also interesting to trace the development of student s divergent thinking ability of science process skills from time to time. ICEE 2022 The Transformation of Elementary Education for Welcoming Smart Society 5.0
Thank You! ICEE 2022 Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Ikhsanudin ikhsanudin@untirta.ac.id / ikhsanudin.2019@student.uny.ac.id Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa ICEE 2022 The Transformation of Elementary Education for Welcoming Smart Society 5.0
