English Monarchy: Restoration to Glorious Revolution
From the Restoration to Glorious Revolution
Section 2
Review:
•
What is your thesis statement?
•
Remember that the essay is only on the
chart!
•
What happened during the English Civil
War?
•
Who fought who?
•
Who is
Oliver Cromwell
?
•
What was
Rump Parliament
?
•
Commonwealth (republic)
•
Tried to create a constitution
•
Second try created the
Protectorate
•
Unpopular
•
Failed when Cromwell’s son
lost control of the army
Next Step Restoration (Section 2)
What was the Restoration and what did Charles II do
differently from his father?
Restoring the English Monarchy
Charles II avoided fights with Parliament when his policies met
with opposition
Met opposition with two areas:
Trying to make an alliance with France to compete with the Dutch
overseas
Trying to increase religious toleration of Catholics
Charles II Dies
- James II comes to power
Worst possible replacement for Parliament
James II is Catholic
James II believed in Absolutism
Not as flexible with Parliament in comparison with Charles II
BIG QUESTION:
Who would succeed James II? Another Catholic?
Political Parties Debate the Question
TORIES
Tory means outlaw
Supported the Anglican Church
Wanted a monarchy, even if it is a catholic replacement
Whigs
Meant horse thief
Wanted to deny the throne to James II’s son
Wanted a strong Parliament
Solution for Parliament
Parliament looks to James II’s daughter Mary (Protestant)
Her husband William of Orange was Dutch
With Parliament’s permission, he lead the Dutch army to
overthrow James II
James II fled to France
Glorious Revolution-
bloodless transfer of power
Huge debate that transpired during
this time period
Think about tonight…
What do you think people are like in the
State of Nature
?
If you take away government and law, what would people be
like?
Think about huge crowds in public places.
Word of the Day: Social Contract
SOCIAL CONTRACT-
an agreement by
which people gave up their freedom to a
powerful government in order to avoid chaos
Leviathan-
Thomas Hobbes
Thomas Hobbes
Wrote the Leviathan
Written as a reaction to what he saw during the English Civil
War
Biblical Story about a sea monster
People were naturally cruel, greedy, selfish
If not controlled, they would fight, rob, etc.
To escape chaos- they enter into a
social
contract-
people
exchange individual liberty for group safety and social order
Best Government was Absolute Monarchy
“Dangers of Anarchy are far worse than the dangers of
Tyranny”
John Locke
Wrote
Two Treaties of Government
Argued that people were essentially good
Best government was limited and accepted by all
Rejected absolute monarchy
STILL BELIEVED IN THE SOCIAL CONTRACT
Gov has a responsibility to the people it governs
RADICAL IDEA
If a government fails its obligations to the people it governs,
then the people have the right to overthrow it!!
SERIOUS IMPLICATIONS!!
The journey from the Restoration period to the Glorious Revolution, involving key figures like Charles II, James II, and the political parties of Tories and Whigs. The events of the English Civil War, the rule of Oliver Cromwell, and the eventual bloodless transfer of power during the Glorious Revolution are discussed, highlighting the political struggles and transitions in England's history.
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Presentation Transcript
Section 2 From the Restoration to Glorious Revolution
Review: What is your thesis statement? Remember that the essay is only on the chart! What happened during the English Civil War? Who fought who? Who is Oliver Cromwell? What was Rump Parliament? Commonwealth (republic) Tried to create a constitution Second try created the Protectorate Unpopular Failed when Cromwell s son lost control of the army
Next Step Restoration (Section 2) What was the Restoration and what did Charles II do differently from his father? Restoring the English Monarchy Charles II avoided fights with Parliament when his policies met with opposition Met opposition with two areas: Trying to make an alliance with France to compete with the Dutch overseas Trying to increase religious toleration of Catholics
Charles II Dies - James II comes to power Worst possible replacement for Parliament James II is Catholic James II believed in Absolutism Not as flexible with Parliament in comparison with Charles II BIG QUESTION: Who would succeed James II? Another Catholic?
Political Parties Debate the Question TORIES Tory means outlaw Supported the Anglican Church Wanted a monarchy, even if it is a catholic replacement Whigs Meant horse thief Wanted to deny the throne to James II s son Wanted a strong Parliament
Solution for Parliament Parliament looks to James II s daughter Mary (Protestant) Her husband William of Orange was Dutch With Parliament s permission, he lead the Dutch army to overthrow James II James II fled to France Glorious Revolution- bloodless transfer of power
Huge debate that transpired during this time period Think about tonight What do you think people are like in the State of Nature? If you take away government and law, what would people be like? Think about huge crowds in public places.
Word of the Day: Social Contract Give Up Get Obligations Government (NY Yankees) Citizens (Derek Jeter) SOCIAL CONTRACT- an agreement by which people gave up their freedom to a powerful government in order to avoid chaos
Thomas Hobbes Wrote the Leviathan Written as a reaction to what he saw during the English Civil War Biblical Story about a sea monster People were naturally cruel, greedy, selfish If not controlled, they would fight, rob, etc. To escape chaos- they enter into a social contract- people exchange individual liberty for group safety and social order Best Government was Absolute Monarchy Dangers of Anarchy are far worse than the dangers of Tyranny
John Locke Wrote Two Treaties of Government Argued that people were essentially good Best government was limited and accepted by all Rejected absolute monarchy STILL BELIEVED IN THE SOCIAL CONTRACT Gov has a responsibility to the people it governs RADICAL IDEA If a government fails its obligations to the people it governs, then the people have the right to overthrow it!! SERIOUS IMPLICATIONS!!
