Energy Flow in Ecosystems: A Comprehensive Overview
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MOI SECONDARY SCHOOL- NAIKARRA
BY MR MATEU AMOS 2019
CLASS: 3 C
TOPIC: ECOLOGY
SUB-TOPIC: ENERGY FLOW IN AN
ECOSYSTEM
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It is a level stage of feeding within a food chain.
It is a level stage of feeding within a food chain.
Light energy from the sun is
Light energy from the sun is
trapped
trapped
by plants and used
by plants and used
to build chemical food substances like
to build chemical food substances like
glucose
glucose
in the
in the
process of
process of
photosynthesis.
photosynthesis.
Green plants are known as
Green plants are known as
producers
producers
. They are eaten by
. They are eaten by
herbivorous
herbivorous
animals that form primary consumers.
animals that form primary consumers.
Energy is transferred from producers to primary
Energy is transferred from producers to primary
consumers.
consumers.
Primary consumers are eaten by
Primary consumers are eaten by
carnivorous animals
carnivorous animals
that
that
form
form
secondary consumers
secondary consumers
.
.
The energy is transferred from primary consumers to
The energy is transferred from primary consumers to
secondary consumers
secondary consumers
.
.
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The secondary consumers are eaten by
The secondary consumers are eaten by
tertiary
tertiary
consumers
consumers
who are also carnivorous animals.
who are also carnivorous animals.
Energy is transferred from secondary to tertiary
Energy is transferred from secondary to tertiary
consumers.
consumers.
The tertiary consumers are eaten by
The tertiary consumers are eaten by
quaternary
quaternary
consumers.
consumers.
The energy is transferred from tertiary to quaternary
The energy is transferred from tertiary to quaternary
consumers.
consumers.
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When plants and animals
When plants and animals
die
die
, their bodies are eaten by
, their bodies are eaten by
saprophytic
saprophytic
Bacteria
Bacteria
and
and
Fungi
Fungi
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Energy is finally
Energy is finally
released
released
and
and
lost
lost
to the surrounding.
to the surrounding.
At every level; of feeding, only
At every level; of feeding, only
small fraction
small fraction
of energy is
of energy is
transferred from one
transferred from one
Trophic
Trophic
level to another. The rest is
level to another. The rest is
lost as heat energy during respiration. Some is
lost as heat energy during respiration. Some is
locked up
locked up
in
in
undigested
undigested
and
and
indigestible
indigestible
waste and released during
waste and released during
defecation/excretion.
defecation/excretion.
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SUMMARY OF ENERGY FLOW
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It is the
It is the
linear nutritional
linear nutritional
sequence of feeding describing
sequence of feeding describing
the
the
flow of energy
flow of energy
from the producers to successive
from the producers to successive
consumers at each
consumers at each
trophic level
trophic level
.
.
Grass is eaten by a grasshopper which is eaten by the
Grass is eaten by a grasshopper which is eaten by the
bird.
bird.
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The
The
arrow points
arrow points
to the eater and shows the
to the eater and shows the
direction of energy flow.
direction of energy flow.
Food chains always begin with
Food chains always begin with
producers.
producers.
When
When
decomposers
decomposers
e.g. bacteria and fungi are
e.g. bacteria and fungi are
included in the food chain, they are always
included in the food chain, they are always
placed at the end of the food chain.
placed at the end of the food chain.
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It is the combination of
It is the combination of
inter-connected
inter-connected
food chains where
food chains where
different members of different levels feed on more than
different members of different levels feed on more than
one group of members.
one group of members.
A food web is made up of
A food web is made up of
many food chains
many food chains
that are
that are
intertwined.
intertwined.
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Energy flow in an ecosystem involves the transfer of energy from producers to consumers through different trophic levels, with only a small fraction of energy being passed on at each level. This process is essential for sustaining life within an ecosystem, highlighting the interconnectedness of all organisms and the efficient utilization of energy. The flow of energy follows a specific sequence, starting from producers like plants, through primary, secondary, tertiary consumers, and finally to decomposers, showcasing the intricate balance of nature.
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Presentation Transcript
BIOLOGY LESSON BIOLOGY LESSON PRESENTATION PRESENTATION MOI SECONDARY SCHOOL- NAIKARRA BY MR MATEU AMOS 2019 CLASS: 3 C TOPIC: ECOLOGY SUB-TOPIC: ENERGY FLOW IN AN ECOSYSTEM 9/1/2024 MR MATEU AMOS 1
Energy Flow in an Eco Energy Flow in an Eco- -System Trophic Level It is a level stage of feeding within a food chain. Light energy from the sun is trapped by plants and used to build chemical food substances like glucose in the process of photosynthesis. Green plants are known as producers. They are eaten by herbivorous animals that form primary consumers. Energy is transferred from producers to primary consumers. Primary consumers are eaten by carnivorous animals that form secondary consumers. The energy is transferred from primary consumers to secondary consumers. System 9/1/2024 MR MATEU AMOS 3
The secondary consumers are eaten by tertiary consumers who are also carnivorous animals. Energy is transferred from secondary to tertiary consumers. The tertiary consumers are eaten by quaternary consumers. The energy is transferred from tertiary to quaternary consumers. Plants Grasshopper Bird Man Vulture When plants and animals die, their bodies are eaten by saprophytic Bacteria and Fungi 9/1/2024 MR MATEU AMOS 4
Energy is finally released and lost to the surrounding. At every level; of feeding, only small fraction of energy is transferred from one Trophic level to another. The rest is lost as heat energy during respiration. Some is locked up in undigested and indigestible waste and released during defecation/excretion. 9/1/2024 MR MATEU AMOS 5
SUMMARY OF ENERGY FLOW 9/1/2024 MR MATEU AMOS 6
9/1/2024 MR MATEU AMOS 7
FOOD CHAIN FOOD CHAIN It is the linear nutritional sequence of feeding describing the flow of energy from the producers to successive consumers at each trophic level. Grass is eaten by a grasshopper which is eaten by the bird. Grass Grasshopper The arrow points to the eater and shows the direction of energy flow. Food chains always begin with producers. When decomposers e.g. bacteria and fungi are included in the food chain, they are always placed at the end of the food chain. Bird 9/1/2024 MR MATEU AMOS 8
FOOD WEB FOOD WEB It is the combination of inter-connected food chains where different members of different levels feed on more than one group of members. A food web is made up of many food chains that are intertwined. Grass Cricket rog Raccoon 9/1/2024 MR MATEU AMOS 9
Hawks Weasels Raccoons Mice Grass 9/1/2024 MR MATEU AMOS 10
9/1/2024 MR MATEU AMOS 11
