Elements of Poetry - Understanding Literary Terms in Writing
Poetry
Mood
•
the general atmosphere created by the
author’s words. It is the feeling the
reader gets from reading those words.
It may be the same, or it may change
from situation to situation.
Imagery
•
Appealing to the five senses
Connotation
•
Emotions and feelings attached to a
word
•
There is no place like
home
vs. There is
no place like my
residence
.
Alliteration
•
a number of words, having the same
first consonant sound, occur close
together in a series.
•
Peter Piper picked a pack of pickled
peppers. How many pickled peppers did
Peter Piper eat?
Assonance
•
Assonance takes place when two or
more words close to one another repeat
the same vowel sound but start with
different consonant sounds.
•
M
e
n s
e
ll the w
e
dding b
e
lls.
•
G
o
and m
o
w the lawn.
Consonance
•
Consonance refers to repetitive sounds
produced by consonants within a
sentence or phrase. This repetition
often takes place in quick succession
such as in pitter, patter.
•
Mike likes his new bike.
•
The black sack is in the back.
•
He thrusts his fists against the posts
and still insists he sees the ghosts.
Figurative Language
•
Language used to not to be taken literally. You use
figurative language to evoke certain feelings or provide a
vivid mental picture.
•
Examples:
•
Personification (giving non-human things human like
qualities)
•
Similes (comparison of two or more things using like or as)
•
Metaphors (comparison of two or more things without
using like or as)
•
Onomatopoeia (when a word sounds like its meaning or
action)
•
Hyperbole (exaggeration for dramatic effect)
Repetition
•
A word or line is repeated throughout a poem
to create a certain effect
Stanza
•
A group of lines forming a paragraph in
a poem
Rhythm
•
A musical quality created by the
alternation of accented and unaccented
syllables
Types of Poems
Acrostic Poems
•
Acrostic Poetry:
•
In Acrostic poems, the first letters of each
line are aligned vertically to form a word. The
word often is the subject of the poem.
•
L oves to play on the computer
•
A lways humorous
•
U nique in every way
•
R unning, jumping, tumbling at gym
•
E xceptionally bright
•
L earner
Cinquain
•
Cinquain poems are five lines long with a certain number of
syllables or words in each. Cinquain poems do not rhyme. There
are many ways to write cinquain poems. Here is an example of
one cinquain pattern.
•
Line 1: Title - one word or two syllables
Line 2: Description or example of the title - 2 words or four
syllables
Line 3: Action about the title - a 3 word phrase or six
syllables
Line 4: a 4 word phrase describing a feeling about the title
or 8 syllables
Line 5: Synonym for the title - one word - 2 syllables
•
Line 1: Panther
•
Line 2: Sleek, graceful
Line 3: Running, hiding, emerging
Line 4: Happy to be free
Line 5: Cat
Couplet Poems
•
The couplet is the easiest of the verse
forms. It consists of two lines with an end
rhyme.
Grandmother sits in her old rocking chair.
She rocks and she rocks all day there.
Concrete Poems
•
Concrete poems form a picture of the topic or
follows the contour of a shape that is suggested
by the topic. For example:
Diamonte
•
Diamonte:
•
Diamonte poems are easy poems to write. You need to think of a
subject and its opposite and then follow the format listed below:
•
First line: one word (subject).
•
Second line: two adjectives describing the subject
•
Third line: three words ending in -ing telling about the subject
•
Fourth line: four words, the first two describe the subject and
the last two describe its opposite
•
Fifth line: three words ending in -ing telling about the opposite
•
Sixth line: two adjectives describing the opposite
•
Seventh line: one word (opposite from the first line)
•
Example:
Limericks
•
Limericks:
•
A limerick is a funny little poem containing five lines. The last words of the
first, second, and fifth lines rhyme with each other (A) and the last words of
the third and fourth lines rhyme with each other so the pattern is AABBA. It
should also have a rhythm pattern, like
da DUM da da DUM da da DUM for the first, second, and fifth lines (A)
and da da DUM da da DUM for the third and fourth lines (B). Make sure your
limerick has the pattern by reciting it with “da” for all unaccented or unstressed
syllables and “DUM for all the accented or stressed syllables.
•
Here is an example of a limerick:
•
1. There once was a girl named Cheryl (A)
da DUM da da DUM da da DUM
2. Who dreamed she was in great peril (A)
da DUM da da DUM da da DUM
3. She awoke wtth a fright B)
da da DUM da da DUM
4. When she discovered the sight (B)
da da DUM da da DUM
5. The “monster” was just a small squirrel. (A)
da DUM da da DUM da da DUM
Haiku
•
Haiku:
•
A form of centuries old Japanese poetry that consists of seventeen syllables and
has nature as its subject or theme. Haiku is very short and has a 5-7-5 syllable
structure with 5 syllables in the first line, 7 syllables in the second line, and 5
syllables in the third line. With just a couple of words, haiku poetry conveys
emotion. It suggests that the reader look and listen to the world. This poetry
was created by a famous writer named Issa. He had a very sad life. His mother
died when he was two and his own four children all died before they were a year
old. As a writer and poet, this sadness, loneliness and compassion helped him be
more sensitive to everything around him. Issa took the time to listen and enjoy
the beauty he found as he heard crickets chirp and as he gazed at the skies.
Issa saw the beauty of the natural world around him; he valued every living
thing, even insects, and wanted to share his love of nature through his haiku.
Haiku requires you to observe! Here is an example of haiku:
•
As I lay and gaze
Blue skies and white clouds
Billowing high above me
Tanka
•
Tanka is another form of Japanese poetry
that consists of 31 syllables (5-7-5-7-7).
The themes for Tanka are love, nature,
seasons, and friendships, Here is an example
of Tanka:
•
Wind
•
Wind blowing my face
•
Making my cheeks rosy red
•
It's biting my nose
•
And chilling through all my bones
•
It is pushing me along
Explore the nuances of poetry through key literary terms like mood, imagery, connotation, alliteration, assonance, consonance, figurative language, repetition, stanza, and more. Understand how each element contributes to the depth and richness of poetic expression.
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Presentation Transcript
Mood the general atmosphere created by the author s words. It is the feeling the reader gets from reading those words. It may be the same, or it may change from situation to situation.
Imagery Appealing to the five senses
Connotation Emotions and feelings attached to a word There is no place like home vs. There is no place like my residence.
Alliteration a number of words, having the same first consonant sound, occur close together in a series. Peter Piper picked a pack of pickled peppers. How many pickled peppers did Peter Piper eat?
Assonance Assonance takes place when two or more words close to one another repeat the same vowel sound but start with different consonant sounds. Men sell the wedding bells. Go and mow the lawn.
Consonance Consonance refers to repetitive sounds produced by consonants within a sentence or phrase. This repetition often takes place in quick succession such as in pitter, patter. Mike likes his new bike. The black sack is in the back. He thrusts his fists against the posts and still insists he sees the ghosts.
Figurative Language Language used to not to be taken literally. You use figurative language to evoke certain feelings or provide a vivid mental picture. Examples: Personification (giving non-human things human like qualities) Similes (comparison of two or more things using like or as) Metaphors (comparison of two or more things without using like or as) Onomatopoeia (when a word sounds like its meaning or action) Hyperbole (exaggeration for dramatic effect)
Repetition A word or line is repeated throughout a poem to create a certain effect
Stanza A group of lines forming a paragraph in a poem
Rhythm A musical quality created by the alternation of accented and unaccented syllables
Acrostic Poems Acrostic Poetry: In Acrostic poems, the first letters of each line are aligned vertically to form a word. The word often is the subject of the poem. L oves to play on the computer A lways humorous U nique in every way R unning, jumping, tumbling at gym E xceptionally bright L earner
Cinquain Cinquain poems are five lines long with a certain number of syllables or words in each. Cinquain poems do not rhyme. There are many ways to write cinquain poems. Here is an example of one cinquain pattern. Line 1: Title - one word or two syllables Line 2: Description or example of the title - 2 words or four syllables Line 3: Action about the title - a 3 word phrase or six syllables Line 4: a 4 word phrase describing a feeling about the title or 8 syllables Line 5: Synonym for the title - one word - 2 syllables Line 1: Panther Line 2: Sleek, graceful Line 3: Running, hiding, emerging Line 4: Happy to be free Line 5: Cat
Couplet Poems The couplet is the easiest of the verse forms. It consists of two lines with an end rhyme. Grandmother sits in her old rocking chair. She rocks and she rocks all day there.
Concrete Poems Concrete poems form a picture of the topic or follows the contour of a shape that is suggested by the topic. For example:
Diamonte Diamonte: Diamonte poems are easy poems to write. You need to think of a subject and its opposite and then follow the format listed below: First line: one word (subject). Second line: two adjectives describing the subject Third line: three words ending in -ing telling about the subject Fourth line: four words, the first two describe the subject and the last two describe its opposite Fifth line: three words ending in -ing telling about the opposite Sixth line: two adjectives describing the opposite Seventh line: one word (opposite from the first line) Example:
Limericks Limericks: A limerick is a funny little poem containing five lines. The last words of the first, second, and fifth lines rhyme with each other (A) and the last words of the third and fourth lines rhyme with each other so the pattern is AABBA. It should also have a rhythm pattern, like da DUM da da DUM da da DUM for the first, second, and fifth lines (A) and da da DUM da da DUM for the third and fourth lines (B). Make sure your limerick has the pattern by reciting it with da for all unaccented or unstressed syllables and DUM for all the accented or stressed syllables. Here is an example of a limerick: 1. There once was a girl named Cheryl (A) da DUM da da DUM da da DUM 2. Who dreamed she was in great peril (A) da DUM da da DUM da da DUM 3. She awoke wtth a fright B) da da DUM da da DUM 4. When she discovered the sight (B) da da DUM da da DUM 5. The monster was just a small squirrel. (A) da DUM da da DUM da da DUM
Haiku Haiku: A form of centuries old Japanese poetry that consists of seventeen syllables and has nature as its subject or theme. Haiku is very short and has a 5-7-5 syllable structure with 5 syllables in the first line, 7 syllables in the second line, and 5 syllables in the third line. With just a couple of words, haiku poetry conveys emotion. It suggests that the reader look and listen to the world. This poetry was created by a famous writer named Issa. He had a very sad life. His mother died when he was two and his own four children all died before they were a year old. As a writer and poet, this sadness, loneliness and compassion helped him be more sensitive to everything around him. Issa took the time to listen and enjoy the beauty he found as he heard crickets chirp and as he gazed at the skies. Issa saw the beauty of the natural world around him; he valued every living thing, even insects, and wanted to share his love of nature through his haiku. Haiku requires you to observe! Here is an example of haiku: As I lay and gaze Blue skies and white clouds Billowing high above me
Tanka Tanka is another form of Japanese poetry that consists of 31 syllables (5-7-5-7-7). The themes for Tanka are love, nature, seasons, and friendships, Here is an example of Tanka: Wind Wind blowing my face Making my cheeks rosy red It's biting my nose And chilling through all my bones It is pushing me along
