Analyzing Representation of Sex Scenes in Ghanaian Films
Exploring the portrayal of sexual intercourse in Ghanaian films against cultural values, this study introduces a multimodal annotation scheme for analysis. Addressing concerns raised by the public, it delves into the complexities of conveying sex in a culture that tends to discourage open discussions on the topic. Through a conceptualized approach using ELAN annotation tool, the study aims to provide insights into how Ghanaian films depict intimacy and its alignment with societal norms.
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Sixth International Conference on Communication& Media Studies The Multimodal Annotation of Sex Scenes in Ghanaian Films: Aggregating qualitative Questions and Quantitative Results Daniel Edem Adzovie Theoretical Studies Department, Faculty of Multimedia Communications, Tomas Bata University in Zlin Czech Republic
Order of presentation Background Literature review Methodology Conceptual framework proposition Conclusion
Background Sex, although one of the most vital aspect of human existence appears to attract less attention across board, Discussion of sexual intercourse and issues relating to sex have always been met with mixed reactions, These reactions are usually informed or influenced by the cultural underpinnings of societies, One medium employed in conveying compelling messages is film (Bordwell & Thompson, 2013),
Background continued Films are able to convey complex meanings using the audio-visual power advantage, According to Annila (2014), films are strongly connected to the culture in which they were/are produced, Ghanaian culture largely discourages open discussion of issues relating to sexual intercourse, Interestingly, Ghanaian films convey forms of sex/sexual intercourse to the audience,
Background continued Concerns have been raised by a section of the Ghanaian public about the spate at which Ghanaian films portray sex, While some are concerned about the portrayal s incongruity with Ghanaian cultural values, others are appalled by the unprofessional ways they are portrayed, These concerns have only attained media attention, There is paucity in scholarship regarding the portrayal of sex in Ghanaian films,
Background continued The objective of the study therefore is to present a conceptualized annotation scheme for the multimodal analysis of how sexual intercourse is depicted in Ghanaian films against the Ghanaian cultural tenets regarding sex, The study describes an approach to the multimodal annotation and analysis of the portrayal of sexual intercourse in popular Ghanaian films using ELAN annotation tool.
Literature review History of cinema development in Ghana, Ghanaian cultural values in relation to sexual intercourse discourse, Mise-en-scene in film, Music in film, Sex in film, Role of sex in film.
Methodology The Mixed Methodology Research (MMR) approach, The Multimodality (Bateman et al, 2017), a) Materiality, b) Communicative situations, c) Canvases, Systematics of communicative media according to affordances of canvases involved (Bateman et al, 2017:109) Fig. 1.
Methodology Fig. 1. A simplest systematics of communicative media according to the affordances of their involved canvases. Source: Bateman et al. (2017:109) Films are dynamic, two- dimensional (2D) and permanent audio-visual artefacts. Viewer is unable to alter the visual arrangements.
Proposed annotation scheme Fig. 2. System network for exploring how sex is portrayed in Ghanaian films. Source: Author s adaptation from Drummond and Wildfeuer (2020) system network for annotating gender differences in TV series.
Conclusion I conclude that: 1. The ELAN semi-automatic annotation tool makes it possible to combine qualitative and quantitative methods in a design, 2. The proposed annotation scheme would help in exploring the portrayal of sex scenes in films with respect to how male and female characters are presented, 3. Several modes work together to produce and convey meaning in films to audiences.
Conclusion I conclude that: 1. The ELAN semi-automatic annotation tool makes it possible to combine qualitative and quantitative methods in a design, 2. The proposed annotation scheme would help in exploring the portrayal of sex scenes in films with respect to how male and female characters are presented, 3. Several modes work together to produce and convey meaning in films to audiences.
