A Comparison of Human and Frog Anatomy and Physiology
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7M Science
•
Lungs:
•
Digestive
System:
•
Circulatory
System:
We both have 2 lungs used for
breathing.
We both have a mouth, esophagus,
stomach, pancreas, liver, gall bladder,
small intestine, and large intestine.
We both have arteries, capillaries,
veins, blood, and a heart
•
Brains:
•
Skeletons:
•
Muscles and
Connective
Tissue:
Although we both have brains, ours is more
complex.
We both have a skeleton that provides a
framework for our bodies, protects our
internal organs, and allow us to move.
We both have these tissues that hold our
skeletons together.
•
Body Configuration:
•
Respiratory System:
•
Reproductive
System:
A frog’s heart, lungs, and digestive systems are all
found in one single hollow space. Our internal organs
are housed in three distinct cavities: chest, abdomen,
and pelvis.
Frogs breathe through their skin. Known as “cutaneous
respiration”, this process allows oxygen to pass
through the skin and directly into the bloodstream.
Frogs also have neither ribs or diaphragms; body
parts that help humans breathe. And, their chest
muscles are not used for breathing.
Although both humans and frogs produce eggs, frog
eggs are fertilized externally. Also, reproductive
organs are housed internally in both males and
females.
•
Skeletal
System:
•
Circulatory
System:
Frogs have 1 forearm and 1 lower leg
bone, while we have 2. Frogs lack
several vertebrae and do not have a
pelvis. They also have structures not
found in the human skeleton i.e. the
urostyle.
A frog has a 3 chambered heart (2
upper chambers (atria) and only 1
lower chamber) compared to the 4
chambered heart a human has.
•
Nictitating
Membrane:
•
Tympanic
Membrane:
•
Eustachian Tube:
•
Mucous Glands:
•
Granular Glands:
A clear, retractable membrane that protects each eye.
A circular eardrum located behind each eye.
Tube that connects the middle ear to the mouth, aka
the buccal cavity.
Located in the skin, these glands secrete mucous to
keep the skin moist.
Glands that secrete sticky, bitter substances to make
amphibians unattractive to predators.
•
Vomerine
Teeth:
•
Cloaca:
•
Glottis:
•
Gills:
Two rough pads on the roof of the mouth
used to hold prey.
A cavity that collects materials from
intestines, urinary bladder, and
reproductive organs.
A slit-like opening from the throat to the
lungs that plays an important role in
breathing.
Structures that help amphibians breathe
while they are tadpoles.
Humans and frogs share many similarities in their organ systems such as lungs, digestive, circulatory, skeletal, and muscular systems. However, there are also significant differences in body configuration, respiratory system, skeletal structure, and reproductive system. Frogs have unique features like cutaneous respiration, external fertilization of eggs, and a three-chambered heart. Understanding these similarities and differences provides insights into the evolution and adaptation of different species to their environments.
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Presentation Transcript
Anatomy and Physiology of Frogs! 7M Science
Humans & amphibians have lots of similarities! Lungs: We both have 2 lungs used for breathing. We both have a mouth, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, small intestine, and large intestine. Digestive System: Circulatory System: We both have arteries, capillaries, veins, blood, and a heart
Humans & amphibians have lots of similarities! Brains: Although we both have brains, ours is more complex. Skeletons: We both have a skeleton that provides a framework for our bodies, protects our internal organs, and allow us to move. Muscles and Connective Tissue: We both have these tissues that hold our skeletons together.
Although we have many of the same organs and systems, they work differently in amphibians than they do in humans! Body Configuration: A frog s heart, lungs, and digestive systems are all found in one single hollow space. Our internal organs are housed in three distinct cavities: chest, abdomen, and pelvis. Respiratory System: Frogs breathe through their skin. Known as cutaneous respiration , this process allows oxygen to pass through the skin and directly into the bloodstream. Frogs also have neither ribs or diaphragms; body parts that help humans breathe. And, their chest muscles are not used for breathing. Although both humans and frogs produce eggs, frog eggs are fertilized externally. Also, reproductive organs are housed internally in both males and females. Reproductive System:
Although we have many of the same organs and systems, they work differently in amphibians than they do in humans! Skeletal System: Frogs have 1 forearm and 1 lower leg bone, while we have 2. Frogs lack several vertebrae and do not have a pelvis. They also have structures not found in the human skeleton i.e. the urostyle. Circulatory System: A frog has a 3 chambered heart (2 upper chambers (atria) and only 1 lower chamber) compared to the 4 chambered heart a human has.
Humans and amphibians have lots of differences too. We humans don t have any of these distinctly amphibian features! Nictitating Membrane: A clear, retractable membrane that protects each eye. Tympanic Membrane: A circular eardrum located behind each eye. Eustachian Tube: Tube that connects the middle ear to the mouth, aka the buccal cavity. Mucous Glands: Located in the skin, these glands secrete mucous to keep the skin moist. Granular Glands: Glands that secrete sticky, bitter substances to make amphibians unattractive to predators.
Humans and amphibians have lots of differences too. We humans don t have any of these distinctly amphibian features! Vomerine Teeth: Two rough pads on the roof of the mouth used to hold prey. Cloaca: A cavity that collects materials from intestines, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs. A slit-like opening from the throat to the lungs that plays an important role in breathing. Glottis: Gills: Structures that help amphibians breathe while they are tadpoles.
