Exploring the definitions of infant mortality and safe sleep practices, this content delves into the Infant Mortality Ratio (IMR) and Sudden Unexpected Infant Death (SUID) Mortality Ratio. Data sources such as vital records and the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) shed light on th

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Human heart development begins in the 3rd week of gestation with the formation of heart tubes that eventually differentiate into various cardiac structures. The heart undergoes folding and septation processes during development, leading to the formation of crucial septa. Molecular regulation, involv

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A 33-year-old African American female at 39 weeks of gestation, G4P3, with possible ITP and anemia, was admitted for induction. Following delivery, her vital signs and labs were stable initially, but she developed persistent tachycardia and mild dizziness postpartum. After transfusion and monitoring

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Dr. Ravikant Nirala, Assistant Professor at Bihar Veterinary College, presents comprehensive information on horse management and common terminology associated with equine production. The content covers the position of horses in the animal kingdom, terminology for different horse genders and ages, mi

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Wool production in sheep involves the development of wool follicles starting from the basal layer of the epidermis. The process includes the formation of follicles during gestation, thickening of the basal layer into a plug, growth of accessory structures like glands, and the differentiation of cell

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Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including gestational hypertension and preeclampsia, pose significant risks to both the mother and fetus. Gestational hypertension is characterized by elevated blood pressure after 20 weeks of gestation, while preeclampsia involves hypertension with end-organ man

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This comprehensive guide by Dr. Alok Kumar, Assistant Professor and Scientist in Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics at Bihar Veterinary College, covers key aspects of care and management of pregnant animals, including objectives, conception management, pregnancy diagnosis, nutritional management,

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Preterm labor, defined as the delivery of an infant before 37 weeks of gestation, presents risks such as incomplete organ system development and increased infant mortality rates. Unnecessary obstetrical interventions before 38-39 weeks should be avoided. The trends in preterm birth rates reveal disp

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Baby Jonah, born at 30 weeks gestation with low birth weight, exhibits emergency signs such as slow respiration and apnoea. The case highlights the importance of triage, emergency treatment, history and examination, laboratory investigations, diagnosis, treatment, supportive care, monitoring, discha

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Early administration of buccal colostrum to preterm babies in the NICU has shown positive outcomes such as improved gut development, reduced infection rates, and enhanced breastfeeding rates. A Quality Improvement program at Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital aimed to provide buccal colostrum within 6 hou

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Medication abortion care, specifically the use of mifepristone, is a safe and effective option for ending early pregnancies. Data from 2018 shows that medication abortion accounted for a significant percentage of abortions before 9 weeks gestation in the U.S. Telehealth services have made accessing

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Formulating rations and feeding dairy cattle and buffaloes during different phases is crucial for their health and productivity. This includes maintenance ration to sustain essential body processes, gestation ration to support pregnancy and milk production, and production ration for increased milk y

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Preterm delivery, defined as labor prior to 37 weeks of gestation, affects approximately 12% of pregnancies worldwide, with almost 30% of these deliveries occurring before 34 weeks. The etiology of preterm birth can vary from maternal factors such as PROM to fetal anomalies and multiple gestations.

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Explore interesting facts about horses, including their vocabulary, classifications, and history. Learn about different terms associated with horses, such as filly, mare, stud, and more. Delve into horse-related concepts like gestation, foaling, and unsoundness. Additionally, discover historical mil

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This case involves a clinical judgement test scenario of an 8-hour-old Standardbred colt foal presenting with recumbency, weakness, and abnormal blood parameters. The foal's history suggests possible placental insufficiency and dysmaturity, leading to pulmonary dysfunction and other complications. I

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Eagle, dolphin, and giraffe reproduction processes described including mating, gestation periods, and embryonic development. Eagles mate on branches, dolphins give birth after 12 months, and giraffes mate using urine tasting. Embryo development details for each species are also provided, showcasing

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Delve into the ethical considerations surrounding ectogenesis as a potential alternative to natural gestation. Explore the implications on the moral status of the foetus, touching upon viewpoints from various scholars like Rosalind Hursthouse. Reflect on the significance of the mother's body in dete

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Society for Maternal Fetal Medicine provides cesarean delivery timing recommendations for women with prior uterine scars. For those with a history of classical cesarean, the risk of uterine rupture guides the timing of repeat cesarean. Similarly, women with prior myomectomy should plan delivery betw

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In response to the Covid-19 pandemic and the lack of commissioned abortion services in Northern Ireland, the NHS introduced the first Early Medical Abortion (EMA) Service. The service was established rapidly by the NI Abortion and Contraception Taskgroup, providing women with access to safe abortion

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Second trimester miscarriage, occurring after 12 weeks of gestation, can be caused by factors such as cervical injury, infections, thrombophilias, uterine abnormalities, and chromosomal issues. Management options include medical, surgical, and expectant approaches, with factors like gestational age

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Embryology covers the Germinal, Embryonic, and Fetal stages of development in animals, highlighting processes like cleavage and formation of morula. Additionally, it provides insights into the gestation periods of various animals ranging from cows and mares to humans and elephants, each with its uni

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Research suggests that changing sleeping position in late pregnancy can reduce the risk of stillbirth. Sleeping on the side from 28 weeks gestation can potentially avoid 1 in 10 stillbirths. The inferior vena cava compression in the supine position reduces blood flow to the fetus. Health districts a

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Preterm birth, occurring before 37 weeks of gestation, is a significant concern in obstetrics due to its association with perinatal mortality and morbidity. This article delves into the definition, incidence, etiology, risk factors, diagnosis, and management of preterm labor, providing insights on a

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Astor Markhor, a subspecies of Capra falconeri falconeri, faces endangerment in its natural habitat across South and Central Asian countries. This study evaluates the reproduction and kidding patterns of Astor Markhor in Gilgit-Baltistan, focusing on gestation periods, rut seasons, and female maturi

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Facial nerve disorders can lead to various symptoms such as facial paralysis and otalgia. This article covers the embryology, anatomy, and neuropathophysiology of the facial nerve. The development of the facial nerve complex occurs in the early stages of gestation, and abnormalities may be associate

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Explore the world of sheep production, covering common sheep breeds, management practices, nutrition requirements, and farming differences between hill/mountain and lowland regions. Learn about key terms, breeding cycles, gestation periods, and the importance of sustainable sheep/lamb production.

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This comprehensive guide explores the factors affecting gestation length in different animals, including cattle, mares, sheep, goats, camels, buffaloes, dogs, and cats. It covers factors that prolong gestation, such as genetic factors, deficiencies in minerals and vitamins, anomalies in the fetus, a

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Gastrulation, the formation of germ layers, mesoderm, and endoderm, in the embryo occurs during the third week of gestation with the appearance of the primitive streak. Cells migrate to form endoderm and mesoderm while the ectoderm remains. Neural induction is regulated by factors like fibroblast gr

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DNA methylation signatures have been identified linking prenatal famine exposure to altered growth and metabolism. The Dutch Hunger Winter of 1944-1945 serves as a key reference point, showing associations with higher BMI, cholesterol levels, and increased risk of schizophrenia. Reduced Representati

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The comprehensive guide covers essential aspects of prenatal care, including goals, chief concerns, prenatal visits schedule, and information about signs of early pregnancy. It also delves into the importance of clinical calculators for pregnancy gestation, history-taking during the initial visit, a

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