Understanding Stillbirth: Causes, Symptoms, and Investigations
Stillbirth, the delivery of a baby with no signs of life after 20 completed weeks of pregnancy, can have profound emotional and social effects. Unexplained causes account for 50% of cases, with fetal, placental, and maternal factors contributing. Risk factors include obesity, maternal age, smoking,
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Maternal and Fetal Complications of Obesity in Pregnancy
Understanding the impact of obesity stigma as a stressor throughout the lifecourse is essential, especially concerning pregnancy. The prevalence of pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity poses significant risks, leading to various maternal complications like gestational diabetes, cesarean delivery, an
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Understanding NGS and Fetal Fraction in Prenatal Screening
Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) plays a key role in prenatal testing by analyzing cell-free DNA (cfDNA) to determine fetal fraction and detect genetic anomalies like Down syndrome. The process involves DNA extraction, library construction, barcode labeling, sample pooling, quantification, and seque
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Indoor Cycling: Hand Positions and Core Movements Guide
Indoor cycling involves different hand positions for various riding scenarios, focusing on rider posture and performance. The guide covers Hand Positions 1, 2, and 3, emphasizing relaxation, stability, and intensity adjustment. Additionally, it details core movements like Seated Flats, Standing Flat
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Promoting Fetal & Maternal Health: Key Objectives & National Health Goals
This lecture by Assist. Prof. Dr. Hawraa Hussein Ghafel focuses on promoting fetal and maternal health through various aspects such as health behaviors, nursing processes, and health promotion during pregnancy. Key topics include identifying national health goals, assessing pregnant women, planning
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Understanding Common Labor Complications and Management Options
Labor and birth processes are typically straightforward, but complications can arise, such as failure to progress, fetal distress, excessive bleeding, malposition, prolapsed umbilical cord, cephalopelvic disproportion, and uterine rupture. Management strategies include rupturing membranes, pain reli
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Comprehensive Guide to Body Movements and Special Movements
Explore different types of ordinary body movements such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction, along with special movements like dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, inversion, eversion, supination, and pronation. Engage with detailed descriptions and visual representations of eac
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Understanding Social Movements: History and Impact
Exploring the background and significance of social movements, this content delves into the evolution of society through various movements like the anti-slavery movement and labor movement. It discusses the types of movements, leaders, followers, tactics, and ways in which social movements can face
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Understanding the Importance of Coordinative Abilities in Sports
Coordinative ability is crucial in sports for performing movements with precision and efficiency. It involves the body's capability to change direction swiftly, ensuring good balance during actions. This ability comprises various types such as orientation, reaction, rhythm, balance, adaptation, coup
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Understanding Fetal Mummification in Domestic Animals
Failure in pregnancy stages can lead to fetal mummification, characterized by autolytic changes, mummification process, and dry, leathery tissue. Events required for mummification include fetal death post-bone development, rapid resorption of fluids, absence of oxygen and bacteria. This process is c
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Understanding Intrauterine Growth Retardation: Causes, Diagnosis, and Management
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) refers to poor fetal growth in the womb, often due to maternal factors or inadequate oxygen supply. This condition can lead to increased risks for the baby. Topics covered include definition, incidence, normal fetal growth, stages, causes, diagnosis, and manage
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Understanding Fetal Movement Counts: Importance, Timing, and Tracking Methods
Fetal movement counts, also known as kick counts, are essential for monitoring your baby's well-being during pregnancy. This article explains the significance of kick counts, when to do them, and how to track fetal movements effectively. Learn why kick counts are crucial, when to start counting, and
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Understanding Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) in the Justice System
Explore the complexities of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) and its intersection with the justice system. Topics include FASD terminology, interpreting diagnoses, implications in court proceedings, and more. Gain insights into the challenges and considerations surrounding FASD-affected indivi
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Management of Intrauterine Fetal Demise: Case Study and Clinical Course
This case study delves into the management of intrauterine fetal demise in a 41-year-old gravida with a history of minimal prenatal care. The patient presented with crowning and underwent a spontaneous vaginal delivery of a non-viable fetus, followed by post-delivery complications and interventions.
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Understanding Retention of Fetal Membranes in Veterinary Obstetrics
Retention of fetal membranes, a common issue during the third stage of labor, has significant consequences for animals, especially cattle. Causes include insufficient expulsive efforts and placental issues. The incidence ranges from 6.8% to 50%, often associated with dystocia and twin births. Factor
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Abdominal Examination in Pregnancy: Techniques and Objectives
Examination of the abdomen in pregnancy involves assessing various aspects such as determining gestational age, measuring symphysis-fundus height, evaluating fetal lie and presentation, checking liquor amount, listening to fetal heart sounds, and monitoring fetal movements. The process includes gene
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Civil Rights and Social Movements in the Americas Post-1945: An Overview
Explore the history, challenges, and achievements of civil rights and social movements in the Americas post-1945. Learn about the struggles faced by African Americans, Indigenous peoples, feminist movements, Hispanic Americans, and youth culture protests. Discover pivotal moments such as the Montgom
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Influence of Art Movements on Industrial Design History
Baroque, Rococo, and Neoclassicism are art movements that have significantly influenced industrial design history. Baroque is characterized by exaggerated motion and drama, Rococo by playful and ornate designs, and Neoclassicism by simplicity and symmetry. These movements reflect societal trends and
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Introduction to Physiotherapy: Modalities and Exercise Therapy
Physiotherapy, a branch of medical science, utilizes various modalities like electric current, heat/cold, water, and exercises for therapeutic treatment. It includes exercise therapy with active and passive movements, electrotherapy, thermotherapy, hydrotherapy, and massage. Active movements involve
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Guidelines for Fetal Blood Sampling by Society for Maternal Fetal Medicine
Review of guidelines by the Society for Maternal Fetal Medicine on indications, risks, and recommendations for fetal blood sampling. Recommendations include using FBS for severe fetal anemia/thrombocytopenia, cautioning against unnecessary invasive testing, counseling patients about potential risks,
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Fetal Pig Dissection Lab: Observing External Features and Respiratory System
In this detailed lab report on fetal pig dissection, students are tasked with observing the external features of the pig, determining its gender, examining teeth and skin, and studying the importance of the umbilical cord. The lab also delves into the respiratory system, focusing on cartilage rings,
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Understanding Joint Motion: Osteokinematic and Arthrokinematic Movements
Joint motion involves osteokinematic movements, which are under voluntary control and include flexion, extension, and more. End-feel sensations like bony, capsular, and springy block indicate different joint conditions. Arthrokinematic motion refers to how joint surfaces move during osteokinematic m
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Understanding Fetal Malposition and Presentation in Obstetrics
Fetal malposition and malpresentation are important considerations in obstetrics. Malposition involves the fetal head presenting in a non-ideal position, while malpresentation refers to cases where the head is not the presenting part. Detecting these conditions through various signs and examinations
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Understanding Occipito-Posterior Position of the Fetal Head
Occipito-posterior position of the fetal head occurs when the head is in one of the oblique diameters with the occiput directed posteriorly. It can be categorized into Right Occipito-Posterior Position (ROP) and Left Occipito-Posterior Position (LOP), affecting 13% of vertex presentations. Causes in
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Understanding Occipito-Posterior Position of the Fetal Head
Occipito-posterior position refers to the fetal head being directed towards the back of the pelvis. This positioning can occur to the right (ROP) or left (LOP) side. It occurs in 13% of vertex presentations and may be caused by factors like pendulous abdomen, pelvic brim shape, or sacral alignment.
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The Significance of Ethnicity and Race in Social Movements
Exploring the interconnectedness between the social construction of race/ethnicity and social movements, this presentation by Pamela Oliver delves into the relevance of race in both majority and minority movements. It emphasizes how race/ethnicity plays a crucial role in structures of domination, po
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Antenatal Assessment for Fetal Health Monitoring
There is a growing focus on antenatal assessment to prevent fetal deaths, with a decline in maternal mortality rates worldwide. The primary goal is to ensure fetal well-being, screen high-risk factors, and detect congenital abnormalities early on. Various tests like Maternal Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein
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Understanding the Anatomy of the Fetal Skull
The fetal skull is a bony cavity that protects the delicate brain and plays a crucial role in the birthing process. This detailed guide explores the composition of the fetal skull, including the bones, sutures, fontanels, regions, and landmarks. Understanding these aspects is essential for assessing
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Maternal-Fetal Medicine: Diagnosis & Management of Fetal Growth Restriction
This information provides guidelines for monitoring fetal growth based on estimated fetal weight, abdominal circumference, uterine artery Doppler, non-stress test, and biophysical profile. It outlines strategies for surveillance, including frequency and types of tests based on gestational age and gr
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Antenatal Fetal Surveillance Recommendations Based on ACOG Guidelines June 2021
These cheat sheets outline the indications and recommendations for outpatient antenatal fetal surveillance, including the reasons and frequency for non-stress tests (NST) and biophysical profile (BPP) based on various maternal conditions and fetal considerations. Guidelines are provided for differen
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Environmental Movements in India - Overview and Major Movements
Environmental movements in India encompass a range of efforts aimed at conserving the environment, managing natural resources sustainably, and advocating for policy changes. From forest conservation to pollution issues, movements like the Bishnoi and Chipko have made significant impacts on environme
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Environmental Movements in India: Lessons for a Sustainable Future
Environmental movements in India have evolved over time, driven by concerns of unbridled resource exploitation and environmental degradation. The emergence of these movements has been marked by a common interest in protecting the environment through policy changes and collective action. With a focus
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Understanding Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) and Supporting Families
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) poses significant challenges for individuals and families, requiring unique parenting approaches and lifelong support. The National Organisation for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (NOFASD) in Australia provides crucial information, support services, and advoc
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Understanding Termination of Pregnancy: Indications, Methods, and Complications
Induced abortion, whether medical or surgical, is defined as the deliberate termination of pregnancy before fetal viability. This article highlights the various indications for termination, such as risks to the mother's health or fetal abnormalities, and the methods used for termination in different
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Cancer Treatment during Pregnancy: Considerations and Risks
Cancer treatment during pregnancy requires individualized consideration of cancer type, stage, pregnancy continuation desire, and risks of modifying or delaying treatment. Commonly diagnosed cancers in pregnancy include breast, cervix, melanoma, and Hodgkin's disease. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy c
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Development of Fetal Head and Neck Structures in Week 12
The fetal head and neck structures in week 12 exhibit a complex formation process involving contributions from all three embryonic layers and the neural crest. Neural crest plays a significant role in developing jaw skeletal elements, connective tissues, and tendons. The pharynx, starting at the buc
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Clinical Practice Guidelines for Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome by Society for Maternal Fetal Medicine
This clinical practice guideline by the Society for Maternal Fetal Medicine provides recommendations for the diagnosis and management of twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). Key points include criteria for TTTS diagnosis, the usefulness of the Quintero staging system, the importance of serial sono
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Standardizing Fetal Growth Assessment for Improved Patient Care
The SOON Consensus Working Group focuses on conducting large-scale research, quality improvement, and standardizing care in fetal growth assessment. With a mission to address the wide variation among centers, the group aims to enhance patient care by standardizing the measurement and interpretation
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Fetal Echo at Nidaan Diagnostic Centre, Dehradun
Fetal Echo at Nidaan Diagnostic Centre, Dehradun, is a specialized ultrasound that provides a detailed evaluation of your baby's heart during pregnancy. Performed by expert radiologist Dr. Vibhu Goel (M.B.B.S., M.D.), it helps detect congenital heart
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Fetal Echo at Nidaan Diagnostic Centre, Dehradun
Fetal Echo at Nidaan Diagnostic Centre, Dehradun, is a specialized ultrasound that provides a detailed evaluation of your baby's heart during pregnancy. Performed by expert radiologist Dr. Vibhu Goel (M.B.B.S., M.D.), it helps detect congenital heart
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