Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease caused by variants in the CFTR gene. CFTR is a crucial membrane protein responsible for chloride transport in epithelial cells, impacting organ function. The Modulator Era focuses on CFTR modulators approved by the FDA for treating CF and improving outcomes.

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Glandular specialized epithelium forms a class of epithelial tissues with specific functions and structures, composed of cuboidal, columnar, and ciliated columnar epithelial cells. These tissues contain gland cells that are secretary in nature, with zymogen granules in the cytoplasm. Glands are spec

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Glandular epithelium consists of epithelial cells specialized in producing and secreting various macromolecules, found in glands throughout the body. These secretory cells can synthesize proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates, with different types of glands such as exocrine and endocrine glands. The se

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Epithelial tissues are integral to the human body, forming sheets of cells that cover internal and external surfaces. Derived from all three primary germ layers, epithelia exhibit distinct polar characteristics and rely on connective tissue support. There are two main types of epithelial tissues –

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The formation of Hertwig's Epithelial Root Sheath (HERS) is crucial in determining the shape, length, and number of roots in teeth. It initiates the formation of radicular dentin, marking the beginning of root development after enamel and dentin formation. HERS consists of outer and inner enamel epi

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Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) plays a vital role in providing a controlled chemical environment, nutrient supply, waste removal, and physical support and protection to the brain and spinal cord. This fluid circulates around the central nervous system, and its formation involves processes like selective

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Epithelial tissue is a crucial component of the body forming protective barriers, aiding in secretion, absorption, excretion, and more. Learn about its general characteristics, different types such as simple and stratified epithelium, glandular epithelium classification, and clinical applications li

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Root formation plays a crucial role in the development of teeth, starting after enamel and dentin formation at the cementoenamel junction. Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) molds the shape of roots, initiating radicular dentin formation. The cervical loop forms an epithelial diaphragm, narrowi

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The updated guidelines for penile cancer management emphasize the importance of a specialist penile cancer team for all operations, the necessity of regular MDT meetings, and the terminology change to classify cases under Penile Intra-epithelial Neoplasia. The clinical pathways stress referrals to d

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Explore the fascinating journey of tooth development from the oral octoderm to the various stages of dentition, including the bud, cap, and bell stages. Learn about root development and the formation of the Hertwig's epithelial root sheath. Discover key features of the pre-dentate period and the dec

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Epithelial tissues are classified based on their structure and organization, with various types exhibiting distinct features like stacking or lack of stacking. These tissues are held together by special attributes, contributing to their functions within organs and systems. By examining tissues under

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Understanding endothelial permeability at the blood-brain barrier is crucial for drug delivery to the brain. This research aims to identify a potential mechanism between HIF-1 and Apold-1 specific to cerebral epithelial cells that may impact the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. The study involv

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Histology involves studying the tissues of the body and how they form organs. Tissues consist of cells and extracellular matrix, with functions like support, nutrient transport, and waste removal. The human body comprises epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissues, each with specific func

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Explore the intricate world of histology and tissues, where groups of cells with similar structures and functions come together to support various bodily processes. From epithelial to nerve tissues, delve into the differences in tissue classes, cell types, and extracellular matrices. Discover the un

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Epithelial tissue is a crucial type of tissue in the human body, performing functions like protection, absorption, secretion, and sensation detection. This tissue is composed of cells with minimal extracellular matrix and plays a vital role in various bodily processes. Learn about the classification

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This histology practice session delves into the intricate details of the digestive and urinary tracts studied in the 8th week of Pharmacy school. Explore images showcasing the structures of the colon, vermiform appendix, liver, pancreas, and nephron. Gain insights into the histological features of t

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This presentation highlights the significance of Regenerating Islet-Derived Protein-3 (REG3) and Intestinal Fatty Acid Binding Protein (I-FABP) in microbial translocation, inflammation, and reservoir size in individuals living with HIV. REG3 and I-FABP serve as markers of gut epithelial damage and p

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Ovarian follicles are the main functional units of the ovary, comprising an oocyte, granulosa cells, and theca cells surrounded by epithelial layers. The growth stages include primordial, primary, and secondary follicles, each characterized by specific cellular changes and development processes driv

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Explore the four general categories of animal tissue - epithelial, muscle, nerve, and connective tissues. Learn about the traits, classification, examples, and functions of each type of tissue. From the tightly packed cells of epithelial tissue to the excitable nature of muscle tissue, delve into th

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Epithelial tissues play crucial roles in the human body, covering surfaces, lining cavities, and forming glands. They are highly cellular and rest on a basement membrane, separating them from connective tissues. Epithelial tissues serve functions such as protection, absorption, secretion, and contra

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The respiratory system in mammals functions to warm, humidify, and cleanse the air as it travels from the nostrils to the lungs. It comprises the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchial tree. The epithelial linings vary in different parts, containing specialized cells and glan

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The respiratory tract anatomy includes various structures like mucosa, submucosa, and adventitia in the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and terminal bronchioles. Each component has specific compositions and functions, ranging from respiratory epithelium to smooth muscle layers. The images provide a v

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This collection features detailed images of various types of epithelium found in different parts of the body, including the bladder, submandibular gland, ileum, uterine tube, esophagus, skin, foot, and trachea. Each image provides a close-up view of the epithelial tissue and surrounding structures,

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A tissue is a group of cells with similar structures working together for a common function. There are four main types of animal tissues: Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, and Nervous tissues. Epithelial tissue forms protective layers and linings in the body, aiding in absorption, excretion, and trans

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Histology, also known as microscopic anatomy, focuses on the study of cells, tissues, and organs through a microscope. It encompasses the examination of epithelial tissues, their special characteristics, functions, and embryological origins. Epithelial tissues play crucial roles in protection, absor

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Cell, organ, and tissue tropism are crucial in viral pathogenesis, influenced by factors such as routes of entry and spread within the host, cell permissiveness, and immune responses. Viruses penetrate epithelial barriers through various mechanisms to establish infection, navigating specialized cell

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New outgrowths from the medial edges of the maxillary prominences form the shelves of the secondary palate. Fusion of these palatal shelves involves complex cellular changes, such as elevation after the withdrawal of the tongue and alterations in epithelium leading to adhesion and fusion. The fate o

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Pityriasis is characterized by bran-like skin scales due to overproduction of keratinized cells, with primary and secondary forms and associated causal factors. Hyperkeratosis, on the other hand, results from excessive keratinization causing accumulation of epithelial cells on the skin, with localiz

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Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is a crucial component in periodontal health, serving various functions such as cleansing the sulcus, enhancing epithelial adhesion, possessing antimicrobial and antibody properties. Factors influencing GCF production include capillary filtration and lymphatic uptake

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Epithelial tissue is a vital component of the human body, serving as a protective barrier and interface with the external environment. This tissue type, along with other essential tissues, plays a crucial role in the development and function of organs. Learn about the structure, function, and signif

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Explore histology, tissues, and types of tissues including epithelial, connective, muscle, and nerve tissues. Learn about tissue characteristics, differences, and functions, as well as details on specific tissue types like cardiac muscle, bone tissue, skeletal muscle, and smooth muscle. Delve into e

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Explore the four basic types of tissue in the human body: connective tissue, epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. Learn about their functions and characteristics to gain a deeper understanding of the body's structure and functions after a lecture session.

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Limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) is a rare condition characterized by inadequate corneal rejuvenation and conjunctivalization of the cornea. In this case study, a 14-year-old male with Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis presented with itching, eye rubbing, and corneal epithelial scarring resembling a who

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This presentation delves into the intricate histology of teleost gills, showcasing the structure of primary and secondary lamellae, epithelial cells, mucous cells, and more. It illustrates the branchial anatomy in bony fish, detailing the arrangement of holobranchs and hemibranchs. Additionally, it

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