The process of micturition (urination), the functional anatomy of the urinary bladder, neural control, the mechanism of filling and emptying of the bladder, and the neurogenic control of the micturition reflex and its disorders.

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The lecture covers the fundamentals of urinary elimination focusing on the kidneys' location, structure, function, and the role of nephrons. It discusses the transport of urine through the ureters to the bladder, highlighting the bladder's muscle layers and the urethra's role in expelling urine. Stu

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The renal system consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra, responsible for producing, transporting, storing, and excreting urine. The kidneys are surrounded by three layers, and the nephron is the functional unit responsible for filtering blood and producing urine. Key componen

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Explore the essential information about Continuous Bladder Irrigation (CBI), including its procedure, indications, supplies and equipment needed, documentation guidelines, and monitoring protocols. Learn about the importance of CBI in post-prostate surgery, urinary tract obstruction prevention, clot

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Dr. Manoj Dongare is one of the most experienced and qualified Cancer Specialists in PCMC, Pune with more than 16 years of experience in treating various types of cancers. Also, He has expertise in various cancer surgeries like breast, lung, Gynecological, bladder, oral, and GI cancers. He is one o

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The prostate is a soft organ in reproductive anatomy. It is nearly about the size of a chestnut. Its weight is around 30 grams. It is located in the pelvis below the bladder with the urethra passing through. It is surrounded by an elastic, fibromuscular capsule and contains glandular tissue and conn

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This informative content delves into the anatomical structures and terms related to the urinary system, covering key components such as the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. It explains important terms like renal pyramids, calices, and ureter dexter/sinister, providing a comprehensive overview

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The urinary system plays a vital role in regulating blood volume, pressure, and waste excretion. Urinary incontinence in the elderly can be caused by weak bladder muscles or neurological issues. The bladder consists of 4 layers, each serving a specific function. Normal voiding frequency and bladder

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This learning module for clinicians discusses the physiology of bladder control, age-related changes in the genitourinary system, medications that contribute to urinary incontinence, pharmacological treatments for UI, side effects of medications used for UI, and a senior-friendly approach to optimiz

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The urinary system in animals includes kidneys, ureters, and the bladder, all crucial for filtration and urine excretion. The ureters are excretory ducts from the kidneys, while the bladder stores urine before expulsion. Various diagrammatic structures illustrate the urogenital system of animals, pa

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This comprehensive guide will explore the symptoms of UTI bladder infections, risk factors, prevention strategies, and treatment options.

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Explore the detailed anatomy of ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra in this comprehensive guide. Learn about the course of ureters, important relations of the urinary bladder, and differences in male and female urethra. Discover the sites of ureteric constrictions, arterial blood supply, and more.

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Bladder tumours, particularly Transitional Cell Carcinoma (TCC), are the second most common cancer in the genitourinary system. Mainly caused by factors like cigarette smoking, industrial toxins, and genetic events, bladder cancer presents with symptoms such as hematuria and irritative voiding sympt

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Urinary retention can be acute or chronic, resulting in the painful inability to void or fully empty the bladder. In men, common causes include benign prostatic enlargement and post-surgery complications, while women may experience it due to pelvic prolapse or neurological issues. Initial management

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This report discusses the incidence rates of gall bladder cancers in various regions worldwide, focusing on India. It highlights the significant disparity in rates across different countries and regions. The data analysis includes age-adjusted incidence rates from specific districts in India, as wel

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Learn about the assessment, tests, conservative and surgical management options for Overactive Bladder (OAB) based on the new draft NICE guideline updates. Understand the categorization of urinary incontinence types, urine testing protocols, bladder diaries, quality of life assessments, and the role

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Pediatric Urology Review discussing antenatal hydronephrosis, bilateral vs. unilateral causes, postnatal evaluation and management, pre-natal ultrasound, oligohydramnios, investigations like US, VCUG, nuclear scan, and normal renal and bladder ultrasounds.

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Suprapubic catheter insertion is a procedure indicated for conditions such as urethral injury, obstruction, bladder neck masses, and benign prostatic hypertrophy. It involves proper patient positioning, analgesia, equipment preparation, and a step-by-step technique including bladder palpation, marki

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Cystitis is a common urinary tract infection affecting both men and women, characterized by inflammation of the bladder mucosa. This article covers the definition, pathogenesis, risk factors, causative organisms, types, diagnostic methods, and treatment options for cystitis, emphasizing the importan

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Following transverse myelitis, there can be significant changes in bowel and bladder function, impacting storage, release, and coordination. Neurogenic bowel and bladder issues, differentiated by injury level, can lead to challenges in controlling sphincters and bathroom habits. Understanding these

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Bladder exstrophy case study of a 12-day-old female infant with abnormal swelling and opening in the lower abdomen since birth. The patient's history includes antenatal, natal, and postnatal details without complications. Family-social background information is provided.

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Providing specialized physiotherapy support for mothers experiencing Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries (OASI) is crucial for addressing immediate problems like pain, urinary or fecal incontinence, and more. With a focus on pelvic health, this approach involves reassurance, tailored pelvic floor musc

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An 11-year-old female child with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and multiple surgical histories was evaluated for renal transplant and ileal conduit surgery. The patient presented with hypertension, chronic kidney disease, neurogenic bladder, and urinary incontinence. Preoperative assessments reveal

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Understanding the embryonic development of the urinary bladder and urethra involves studying the formation of the cloaca, division of the urogenital sinus, absorption of mesonephric ducts, position and fate of the urachus, and anomalies related to these structures. The cloaca, primitive urogenital s

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Bowel and bladder incontinence are common after a stroke, often due to brain damage affecting control functions. Factors like mobility can exacerbate these issues, leading to discomfort, infections, and other complications. Managing incontinence involves assessing individual needs, recognizing signs

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The genitourinary system comprises the urinary and reproductive organs, with the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra playing crucial roles. Maintaining proper function involves factors like renal blood flow, glomerular filtration, tubular function, and urine flow. Nephrons are the functional unit

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Urinary retention is the inability to completely empty the bladder, often leading to overflow incontinence. It can result from various factors such as diabetes, prostate enlargement, neurological disorders, and certain medications. This condition can pose complications and requires proper diagnostic

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Cystitis is a common bladder infection that can affect both men and women. This lecture provides important information on the pathogenesis, causative organisms, diagnosis, and treatment of cystitis. Learn about the risk factors, types of cystitis, and how venereal diseases can present with symptoms

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An update by Consultant Histopathologist John Mitchard on TNM-8 staging for urological cancers, highlighting changes in RCC definitions and grading, along with minor adjustments in bladder staging. Details include revised pT3 criteria for kidney tumors, improvements in bladder M1 and T2 classificati

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Explore the intricacies of micturition physiology focusing on the functional anatomy of the urinary bladder, mechanism of filling and emptying, cystometrogram, and neurogenic control. Delve into the internal structure of the bladder, sphincters, and innervation in males for a comprehensive understan

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Effective management of urinary tract infections (UTIs) during pregnancy involves promoting urinary health, emphasizing safety of antimicrobial treatment, and understanding FDA categories for medication use. Recommendations include fluid intake, perineal hygiene, and maintaining bladder health. Safe

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This protocol outlines the management of urinary and bowel incontinence in stroke patients, emphasizing high nursing care levels and avoiding unnecessary catheterization. It discusses normal bladder functions, urinary dysfunction prevalence post-stroke, and interventions for promoting continence. Ur

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The human urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The kidneys filter blood to produce urine, which is carried to the bladder through the ureters for storage until excretion. Each kidney is structured with renal pyramids and nephrons for blood filtration and waste remov

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The gall bladder and bile ducts play crucial roles in the storage and transportation of bile in the body. They have specific anatomical divisions and functions, including bile secretion, concentration, and storage. Understanding their structure and function is essential for grasping their physiologi

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Explore the latest advancements in immunotherapy for managing bladder and renal cancer, including mechanisms of action, indications, adverse effects, and available treatment regimes. Learn about immune checkpoint inhibitors, differentiating immunotherapy from chemotherapy, indications for use across

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Voiding disorders in children, also known as bladder dysfunction, are a common issue affecting up to 40% of pediatric urology clinic visits. These disorders can indicate underlying pathophysiology requiring treatment to prevent renal or urologic damage. The development of urinary control by age 5 is

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Exploring the anatomy and physiology of the urinary system with a focus on the bladder, including details on muscle structure, capacity for urine collection, and the role of the detrusor muscle in micturition. Learn about key components such as the trigone and bladder neck, as well as innervation an

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Continence care in the community focuses on maintaining normal bladder and bowel functions to support individuals in managing their toileting needs effectively. Continence involves being aware of bodily signals, knowing when and how to void or defecate, managing clothing, storing urine or bowel move

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Overactive bladder (OAB) is a common condition characterized by urinary urgency, frequency, and sometimes incontinence. It significantly impacts quality of life and can affect individuals of all ages, with higher prevalence in older populations. Treatment options include drug therapy, bladder traini

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Bladder trauma commonly occurs due to pelvic trauma or surgical interventions, leading to injuries like contusion, intraperitoneal rupture, and extraperitoneal rupture. Dr. Nagwa M. Ahmed presents key elements of bladder trauma, including its etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnos

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