Antiretroviral drugs - PowerPoint PPT Presentation


Upcoming Event on Orphan Drugs and Rare Diseases– | 14th – 15th October 2024

Join us at our MarketsandMarkets 5th Annual Orphan Drugs and Rare Diseases Conference in Germany, Europe, for a groundbreaking exploration of the recent advances in developing life-saving therapies, technologies in diagnosing, and strategies to enhance orphan drug development.\n\nEnquire Now @ https

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Prior Exposure to Antiretroviral Therapy in Adult HIV Patients in Sub-Saharan Africa

A systematic review was conducted to assess the proportion of adult HIV patients in sub-Saharan Africa with prior antiretroviral therapy experience, specifically focusing on non-naive re-initiators. The study highlighted the challenges faced by these individuals and the need for tailored interventio

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Overview of Antiarrhythmic Drugs Use and Classification

Antiarrhythmic drugs are classified into different classes based on their mechanisms of action. Class I includes sodium channel blockers with specific drugs like procainamide, disopyramide, and quinidine. Class 1B involves lidocaine and mexiletine. Class 1C consists of agents like flecainide. Class

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Understanding Antipsychotic Drugs and Their Classification

Antipsychotic drugs, also known as neuroleptics, are essential in treating schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. They work by targeting dopamine and serotonin receptors in the brain, managing symptoms like hallucinations and delusions. Learn about the dopamine-serotonin hypothesis of schizoph

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Guidelines for Expanded Access to Investigational Drugs and Devices

Providing guidance on types of Expanded Access for drugs, biologics, and devices, this content explains the concept of Expanded Access and the criteria that must be met. It covers different types of Expanded Access for drugs and devices, emphasizing the importance of patient safety and benefit. The

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Orphan Drugs and Rare Diseases – US Edition | 17th - 18th October 2024

Join us at our MarketsandMarkets Orphan Drugs and Rare Diseases Conference in Boston, USA for a groundbreaking exploration of the recent advances in developing life-saving therapies, technologies in diagnosing, and strategies to enhance orphan drug development.\n\nRegister Now @ \/\/events.marketsan

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Understanding the Experiences of Adolescents on Antiretroviral Treatment in KwaZulu-Natal

This investigation delves into the challenges and successes of adolescents born with HIV who are undergoing antiretroviral treatment in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. It aims to explore how these adolescents transition from pediatric to adult medication, their adherence to treatment, and the availabil

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Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Drugs: Risks and Prevention

Learn about the hazards of exposure to hazardous drugs, including potential health risks such as cancer, nausea, reproductive toxicity, and organ damage. Explore training modules, drug categories, and a list of hazardous drugs to ensure workplace safety. Discover NIOSH criteria for identifying hazar

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Overview of Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940

The Drugs and Cosmetics Act of 1940 was enacted to regulate the import, manufacture, distribution, and sale of drugs and cosmetics in India. The Act aims to ensure high standards of medical treatment, prevent substandard drugs, and establish advisory boards for different types of drugs. It sets out

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Sources of Crude Drugs: Plant, Animal, Marine, and Tissue Culture in Pharmacognosy

Crude drugs are natural substances obtained from plants, animals, and minerals. They are used without much processing and have therapeutic properties. Different plant parts like leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, roots, bark, and stems yield various important drugs. Animals and minerals also serve as s

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Sources of Drugs and Their Origins

Drugs can be sourced from six major categories: plants, animals, minerals/earth, microbiological sources, semi-synthetic sources, synthetic sources, and recombinant DNA technology. Plant sources, being the oldest, provide various medicinal properties through leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, roots, ba

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The Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objectionable Advertisements) Act, 1954 Overview

The Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objectionable Advertisements) Act of 1954 regulates the advertising of drugs and remedies claiming magical properties in India. It defines drugs and magic remedies, prohibits certain types of advertisements related to drugs, and aims to control misleading marketing prac

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Understanding Antitrematodal Drugs and Their Applications in Veterinary Medicine

Fascioliosis caused by F. hepatica is a common concern globally, impacting livestock health and economy. Antitrematodal drugs play a crucial role in combating parasitic infections like fascioliosis. One such drug, Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), has been effective in treating F. hepatica due to its act

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Overview of Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 and Its Rules 1945

The Drugs and Cosmetics Act of 1940 and its Rules of 1945 were established to regulate the import, manufacture, distribution, and sale of drugs and cosmetics in India. The Act ensures that only qualified individuals are involved in these processes and aims to prevent the entry of substandard or spur

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Understanding Illicit Drugs: Risks and Realities

Explore the world of illicit drugs from a research-based perspective. Uncover the dangers and consequences of drug use, learn about the signs of drug use, understand where drugs come from, and discover the effects of various types of illicit substances. Delve into the intersection of drug use with d

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Pharmacology of Drugs Used in Calcium & Vitamin D Disorders

Calcium and vitamin D play crucial roles in regulating bone health and overall calcium balance in the body. Hormones like PTH, vitamin D, and calcitonin are pivotal in maintaining calcium homeostasis. Drugs such as teriparatide, a synthetic form of PTH, are used to treat conditions like osteoporosis

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Drugs Affecting the Digestive System and Their Functions

This presentation by Dr. Archana covers various drugs that impact the digestive system, such as antacids, intestinal astringents, antiemetics, and more. It explores the functions of these drugs and their roles in treating stomach-related issues like gastritis and peptic ulcers. The chapter discusses

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Understanding Screening Models for Anti-Alzheimer Drugs

Alzheimer's disease is a prevalent neurodegenerative brain disorder characterized by memory loss and other cognitive impairments. This article discusses the etiology, risk factors, and pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease, along with in-vitro screening models used to test potential drugs, focusing

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Ensuring Client Privacy and Ethics in Antiretroviral Therapy Distribution

This content discusses the ethical principles, definitions of privacy and confidentiality, and the importance of maintaining client information confidential in decentralized drug distribution of antiretroviral therapy in the private sector. It emphasizes the need to protect sensitive information and

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Overview of Anxiety Disorders and Antianxiety Drugs

Anxiety disorders are conditions characterized by excessive worry and fear that can interfere with daily life. Common types include generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobias, and OCD. Treatment options include psychotherapy and anxiolytic drugs such as benzodiazepines, 5HT1A agonists, be

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Overview of Anticestodal Drugs in Veterinary Pharmacology

Anticestodal drugs play a crucial role in combating tapeworm infections in veterinary medicine. These drugs are classified into taeniafuges and taenicides, with examples of natural and synthetic compounds highlighted. Natural compounds like pumpkin seeds and male fern are traditionally used for thei

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Comprehensive Guide to Antiretroviral Therapy for Health Professionals

This educational session covers the essentials of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV treatment, including starting medication in adults, mechanisms of action, side effects, and drug interactions. It emphasizes the goals of ART such as viral load suppression and immune restoration, outlines prepara

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Overview of Central Drug Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) in India

The Central Drug Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) is the main regulatory body in India for pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and clinical trials. It functions under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. The CDSCO is responsible f

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Understanding Generic Drugs and Brand Name Medications

Generic drugs are identical copies of brand-name medications in dosage, strength, quality, and intended use. They contain the same active ingredients but are sold under their chemical name. This article explores the basic differences between generic and brand-name drugs, when generic drugs are marke

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Overview of Antitubercular Drugs: Introduction, Classification, and Applications

Tuberculosis is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis in ruminants and Mycobacterium avium in dogs and pigs. These bacteria have a unique waxy appearance due to their cell wall composition, providing a shield against pharmacological compounds. Antitubercular drugs play a cruc

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Understanding Renal Block: Drugs, Excretion, and Treatment Essentials

Renal block plays a crucial role in drug excretion, with processes like glomerular filtration and tubular secretion affecting drug elimination. Factors like blood flow, physiochemical properties, and urine pH influence renal excretion of drugs. Competition between drugs for transporters can have ben

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Optimizing Antiretroviral Therapy Delivery for Specific Populations

Tailored antiretroviral therapy (ART) delivery models benefit stable patients by addressing inequities and involving key populations. Differentiated care extends to adolescents, pregnant women, and key populations, emphasizing psychosocial support. Transitioning between client categories is crucial

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Ensuring Client Privacy and Confidentiality in Antiretroviral Therapy Distribution

This session emphasizes the importance of upholding client privacy and confidentiality in the decentralized distribution of antiretroviral therapy in the private sector. It covers ethical considerations, principles, definitions of privacy and confidentiality, and the significance of safeguarding cli

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Advances in Antimicrobial Drugs: Selective Toxicity and Classification

The development of antimicrobial drugs has significantly improved therapeutics by controlling infections and preventing complications. These drugs target invading microorganisms using selective toxicity, sparing host cells. Antimicrobial drugs are classified based on site, mechanism of action, and c

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Pharmacology of Ovulation-Inducing Drugs

Understanding the mechanism of ovulation and hormonal regulation is key in classifying drugs used to induce ovulation. This lecture covers the pharmacology of different groups of drugs, their mechanisms of action, administration protocols, indications, efficacy rates, and adverse effects. Antiestrog

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Impact of Drug Pricing and Generics on Ryan White HIV/AIDS Programs

This presentation by Tim Horn, MS, delves into the effects of drug pricing and generics on Ryan White HIV/AIDS Programs, focusing on cost containment, program income, challenges with antiretroviral drug pricing, and the role of generic drugs in mitigating costs. The discussion also covers the 340B D

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Accuracy of Multi-Month Refills of Antiretroviral Drugs in Malawi

Understanding the implementation of multi-month refills for stable patients in Malawi provides valuable insights into patient eligibility differentiation, with 86% eligible for multi-month scripts. Challenges remain in accurately applying eligibility criteria, as seen in the study's findings. The re

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Clinical Trial Comparison of Immediate vs Deferred Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Individuals

This study compared immediate initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) with deferred treatment in HIV-infected individuals with CD4+ count >500 cells/mm3. Results showed a significant reduction in primary composite endpoint events in the immediate ART group compared to the deferred ART group. Seri

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Evolution of Antiretroviral Therapy: Dual vs. Triple ART

The evolution of antiretroviral therapy (ART) from dual to triple drug regimens has been crucial in improving outcomes for HIV patients. Research findings demonstrate the superiority of three-drug therapy over two-drug therapy in terms of efficacy and resistance management. Maintenance ART strategie

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DAVA Drugs Authentication & Verification Application by National Informatics Centre

The DAVA Drugs Authentication & Verification Application, developed by the National Informatics Centre of the Government of India, enables authentication, tracking, and tracing of Indian drugs at different packaging levels. Manufacturers maintain Unique Serial Numbers for primary and secondary packa

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Comprehensive Review of Drugs, Categories, and Drug Influence Evaluation

This mid-course review covers key aspects such as defining drugs, naming drug categories and subcategories, identifying drug categories for specific drugs, components of drug influence evaluation, and examinations conducted as part of the evaluation process. The content also includes identifying dru

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Introduction to Practical Pharmacognosy: Study of Medicines from Natural Sources

Pharmacognosy is the study of medicines derived from natural sources, exploring drugs from plants through the lenses of botany, chemistry, and pharmacology. This includes the classification of vegetable drugs based on taxonomic, chemical, and morphological characteristics. Understanding key points f

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Global Impact of HIV Among People Who Inject Drugs

12.7 million people worldwide inject drugs, with 1.7 million of them living with HIV. The prevalence of HIV among people who inject drugs is 13.1%, highlighting the need for comprehensive service provision including testing, needle programs, opioid therapy, and antiretroviral treatment. The data als

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Comprehensive Guide to Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation and Adherence

This module provides current recommendations and best practices for initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART), emphasizing treatment benefits, prevention strategies, and maximizing patient outcomes. Learn about the health advantages of ART, including reduced AIDS-related mortality and enhanced quality

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Understanding the Impact of Drugs on Pregnancy Development

This lecture covers factors influencing placental transfer, harmful effects of drugs at different developmental stages, FDA classifications of drugs, and teratogenic drugs. It explains how drugs cross the placenta, including physiochemical properties and stage of development affecting transfer. The

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