Malnutrition in children under 5, specifically acute malnutrition, is a pressing issue in the Western Cape. This presentation outlines the current strategies, multisector engagement, causes, and impacts of acute malnutrition. It delves into the classifications of malnutrition, including severe and m

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Acute orofacial pain is often associated with dental issues, ranging from dentinal pain to periodontal pain. The pain can be moderate to severe, with various triggers such as mechanical stimulation and changes in osmotic pressure. This pain is prevalent in adults and can spread to different areas of

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Acute gingival diseases encompass various conditions such as Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis, Necrotizing Ulcerative Periodontitis, Necrotizing Ulcerative Stomatitis, and others. Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (NUG) is a microbial disease primarily affecting the gingiva, characterized by necros

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A case study of a 31-year-old male with sickle cell disease presenting in the emergency department with a pain crisis. The patient has a history of avascular necrosis, priapism, NSTEMI, cholecystectomy, and previous acute chest syndrome. Explore the patient's symptoms, past medical history, and reco

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Acute calculous cholecystitis is a common digestive disease with varying treatment perspectives. The Tokyo Guidelines 2018 provide criteria and severity grading for the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. Diagnosis involves local and systemic signs of inflammation along with specific imaging findings.

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Leukemia is a group of blood disorders characterized by abnormal white blood cell production. Factors like genetics, environment, and mutations in DNA play a role in its development. Acute leukemia requires urgent treatment due to rapid cell growth, while chronic leukemia progresses more slowly. The

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A 58-year-old man with a history of diabetes and hypertension presents with fever and abdominal pain, raising multiple differential diagnoses including symptomatic AAA, pyelonephritis, acute appendicitis, complicated urolithiasis, or diabetic ketoacidosis. The case explores clinical manifestations,

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This service, led by a dedicated consultant geriatrician and multidisciplinary team, focuses on providing acute care at home for older individuals at risk of hospital admission. The inclusion criteria, referral process, and interventions offered are outlined, emphasizing the aim of maintaining patie

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This content highlights the prevalence rates of acute malnutrition, severe acute malnutrition (SAM), moderate acute malnutrition (MAM), childhood stunting, acute malnutrition based on MUAC and edema, and acute malnutrition in pregnant and lactating women. The data is based on various criteria such a

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This detailed guide covers the essential components of the acute knee exam conducted in an urgent care setting by Dr. Gregory Jones, including chief complaints, anatomy, examination techniques, ligament assessments, practical aspects, and more. The examination process involves assessing functional l

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This information discusses the symptoms and diagnostic approach for urinary tract infections in adults, along with the current management guidelines. It covers the prevalence of UTIs as a common healthcare concern, focusing on uncomplicated UTIs, acute uncomplicated cystitis, and pyelonephritis. The

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Inflammation is the response of tissues to harmful agents, categorized as acute or chronic. Acute inflammation is rapid and short-lived, while chronic inflammation is insidious and prolonged. Chemical mediators play a crucial role in both forms, leading to tissue necrosis. The five cardinal signs of

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Pyelonephritis is a serious bacterial infection of the kidneys, leading to renal damage and potentially life-threatening complications. This condition has different etiologies, including ascending bacterial infection and hematogenous spread, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative orga

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This detailed guide covers the definition, general approach, history taking, physical examination, investigations, diagnosis, and management of acute abdomen cases. Learn about common causes, such as acute appendicitis, bowel obstruction, and medical conditions. Real-life scenarios illustrate differ

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Gout is characterized by acute inflammatory arthritis due to sodium urate crystal deposits. Untreated gout can lead to complications like tophi, nephrolithiasis, and joint inflammation. The disease progresses through stages: acute, asymptomatic hyperuricemia, intercritical, and chronic gout. Treatme

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Acute pyelonephritis is a serious bacterial infection of the kidneys, leading to complications such as renal scarring and sepsis. This overview covers key aspects including epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentations, and risk factors. Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies are also disc

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Acute pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidney associated with serious complications. This article discusses the definition, risk factors, etiology, and pathogenesis of the condition. It also covers the clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and prevention strategies for acute py

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Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST) is an evidence-based group intervention designed for individuals with mild to moderate cognitive impairment. It aims to enhance cognitive functioning through various activities such as executive functioning tasks, multi-sensory stimulation, and reminiscence work.

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This case study follows a 64-year-old female presenting with symptoms of acute pyelonephritis, highlighting the challenge of emerging antibiotic resistance. Despite sensitive urine cultures, the patient's condition worsened, shedding light on the importance of identifying risk factors beyond traditi

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This training course focuses on inpatient management of severe acute malnutrition, teaching procedures outlined in the national Community-Based Management of Severe Acute Malnutrition Guidelines. The training aims to reduce case fatality rates significantly and is designed for physicians, senior nur

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Acute malnutrition, particularly severe acute malnutrition (SAM), requires careful fluid management and a structured treatment approach involving stabilization, transition, and rehabilitation phases. This condition results from inadequate dietary intake or acute infections, leading to severe wasting

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In the management of acute ischemic stroke, the primary goals are to reduce secondary brain damage, maintain adequate perfusion, and prevent recurrent strokes by managing risk factors. Treatment includes maintaining tissue oxygenation, correcting volume status and electrolytes, managing blood glucos

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Comprehensive discussion on assessing patients with abnormal liver test results, focusing on distinguishing between acute and chronic liver conditions. Covers diagnostic workup, patient cases, and differential diagnosis, emphasizing the importance of patient history, physical examination, and key di

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North Staffordshire Minor Eye Conditions Service (MECS) has been re-launched to provide a comprehensive managed service for treating common eye problems by local community optometrists. MECS offers a broader scope than the previous Acute Eye pathway, enabling the management of both acute and non-acu

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Hydronephrosis and vesicoureteral reflux are common conditions involving the urinary system. This guide covers differential diagnosis, management of physiologic hydronephrosis, distinguishing it from obstruction, and the importance of treating asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women to prevent co

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This review assesses the quality of care provided to patients aged over 16 years with acute bowel obstruction. Significant delays were identified in the care pathway, from imaging requests to availability of operating theatres. Recommendations include prompt CT scans with intravenous contrast for de

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This comprehensive guide provides detailed information on creating and understanding acute care plans, including the purpose of an acute plan, who needs one, what information can be written in an acute plan, examples of baseline clinical parameters, alerts to more detailed plans, and insights into c

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The Department of Health in Florida has released the 2019 data on the epidemiology of Hepatitis B and C as of January 21, 2021. The report includes information on acute and chronic cases, technical notes on case definitions, and changes in national case definitions in 2020. Acute cases require speci

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Pain is a complex experience that can be acute or chronic, requiring different treatment approaches. Acute pain alerts us to potential injury, while chronic pain lasts longer and affects quality of life. Management options range from medical and psychological treatments to advanced interventions and

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This study focuses on acute hypertensive events, including hypertensive crises and emergencies, aiming to assess prevalence, characteristics of patients, and management strategies in Greek hospitals. The study involves a national, multicentric, non-invasive approach in collaboration with Hellenic ES

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Acute liver disorders can have various causes such as drugs, viruses, ischemia, autoimmune conditions, and more. The presentations of acute liver disease can include abnormal liver tests, jaundice, liver impairment, and even liver failure. Management involves removing and treating the underlying cau

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Acute liver failure is a severe condition characterized by rapid liver dysfunction within 6 months of symptom onset, leading to encephalopathy, coagulopathy, and jaundice. This condition can be classified as hyperacute, acute, subacute, fulminant, or sub-fulminant based on the duration from jaundice

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Loss of vision can occur suddenly, affecting one or both eyes and various parts of the visual field. This guide explores the definition, pathophysiology, and evaluation of acute visual loss. Common causes include optic nerve diseases, retinal disorders, and vascular issues. The visual pathway from t

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Acute muscular weakness in children is a neurological emergency defined by sudden onset muscle weakness or paralysis in less than 5 days. When evaluating a child with acute flaccid paralysis, consider factors like onset rhythm, associated symptoms, and past medical history. A thorough physical and n

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Explore the comprehensive approach to urinary tract infections (UTIs) covering types (cystitis, pyelonephritis), common organisms, patient presentations, diagnostic techniques, referral indications, management strategies, prophylaxis, and patient education. Understand the impact of UTIs on different

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Providing acute nursing care for children at home from 8 am to 10 pm, the Children's Hospital @ Home in Tower Hamlets offers services such as IVABs, NGT re-insertion, acute assessment, wheeze management, and home-based phototherapy. The initiative aims to reduce hospital stays, minimize admissions f

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Scaling up community-based management of acute malnutrition is vital for reaching vulnerable populations. DFID's efforts in countries like Malawi, India, and Ethiopia showcase unique strategies such as local production of RUTF, piloting CMAM in communities, and integrating CMAM into national nutriti

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Acute diarrheal illness is a common issue globally, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. This lecture covers the types of acute diarrhea, host defenses, pathogens like E. coli, Campylobacter, and Yersinia, and their management. It also discusses microbiological diagnosis methods, food poi

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Diabetic glomerulosclerosis is a condition characterized by thickening of the glomerular basement membrane, leading to increased permeability. It belongs to diabetic nephropathy and poses a risk for pyelonephritis. The progression of this disease involves the deposition of proteins in the mesangial

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A 58-year-old man presents with acute severe chest pain, diaphoresis, dyspnea, and risk factors for coronary heart disease. The most likely diagnosis is acute myocardial infarction. Immediate steps include placing the patient on a cardiac monitor, obtaining an ECG, and administering aspirin. Additio

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