Understanding Alcohol Absorption, Elimination, and Units: A Comprehensive Overview

 
The absorption and elimination of
alcohol
 
What is alcohol
How is it absorbed
How is it eliminated
What is a unit of alcohol
How can a unit be calculated
A unit the drink drive law and you
 
What is alcohol
 
Alcohol is Ethanol
Naturally occurs in fermentation
Added artificially ( Alco-pops)
It is a drug
It is a poison
 
How is alcohol absorbed
 
Swallowed
Goes through stomach & intestine wall
Into blood and pumped by heart
To the brain
All within 5 minutes
 
How eliminated
 
Breath
 
Sweat
 
Urine
 
Liver
 
2%  -  4%
 
2%  -  6%
 
2%  -  4%
 
90% approx.
 
What is ABV
 
Alcohol by
volume
 
14% ABV
 
Means 14% of
content is alcohol
 
What is a unit
 
For calculation purposes a unit of
alcohol is the average amount of
alcohol a healthy body can eliminate in
1 hour
 
What equals a unit
 
Half pint of 3.5% abv
beer
 
125ml glass of 9% abv
wine
 
 
25ml glass of 40% abv
spirit
 
How to calculate units
 
Volume x ABV divided
by 1000
Example 330ml bottle of
5% abv beer.
330x5 = 1650/1000
= 1.65 units.
For safety always round
up  
= 2 units
 
The Law
 
Breath
 
Blood
 
Urine
 
35ug 
(microgrammes)
80mg 
(milligrams)
 
107mg 
(milligrams)
 
The Reality
 
Driving at the British legal limit can
make a driver up to 5 times likelier to
crash
Even small amounts of alcohol can
double the risk of crashing
The legal limit is not necessarily the
safe limit
Highest limit in Europe
 
The Effects
 
1 unit of alcohol = 7ug of breath (Maybe!)
HOWEVER
 
 
Gender
 
Size
 
Fitness
 
Medication
 
 
Mood
 
Food
 
Topping up
 
The effect
 
If 7ug breath = unit
 
Large Adult Male
 
 
Small Adult Female
 
5 units = 35ug limit
 
5 units = 65/80
blood
 
5 units = 112/80
blood
 
The morning after
 
Friday night drinks from 9pm to
Midnight
 
Drinks 5 pints of 4.2% abv Lager and 2
double Jack Daniels
 
In bed by 12.30
 
The morning after
 
 
 
When would you be happy for this
pupil to drive your car?
 
The morning after
 
Lager = 12.5 units
Jack Daniels = 4 units
16.5 units = 16.5 hours approx. to leave
body
 
Alcohol free 1.30pm next day
 
Warning
 
There are no hard and fast rules for
calculating alcohol elimination
Drink driving offences stay on your licence
for 11 years (10 years for re-offending)
Banned for at least 1 year first offence
On the CRB register and PNC number for 5
years (in most cases)
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Alcohol, specifically ethanol, is absorbed through the stomach and intestines into the bloodstream within minutes, and it is primarily eliminated through breath, sweat, urine, and the liver. The concept of a unit of alcohol helps in calculating safe consumption levels, with factors like volume and alcohol by volume (ABV) in beverages determining the calculation. The legal limit for alcohol consumption in driving varies based on breath, blood, and urine levels, with the UK having stringent regulations due to the increased crash risk associated with even small amounts of alcohol. Understanding the effects of alcohol, including its impact on breath levels and various influencing factors, is crucial for responsible consumption.


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  1. The absorption and elimination of alcohol What is alcohol How is it absorbed How is it eliminated What is a unit of alcohol How can a unit be calculated A unit the drink drive law and you

  2. What is alcohol Alcohol is Ethanol Naturally occurs in fermentation Added artificially ( Alco-pops) It is a drug It is a poison

  3. How is alcohol absorbed Swallowed Goes through stomach & intestine wall Into blood and pumped by heart To the brain All within 5 minutes

  4. How eliminated Breath 2% - 4% Sweat 2% - 6% Urine 2% - 4% Liver 90% approx.

  5. What is ABV Alcohol by volume 14% ABV Means 14% of content is alcohol

  6. What is a unit For calculation purposes a unit of alcohol is the average amount of alcohol a healthy body can eliminate in 1 hour

  7. What equals a unit Half pint of 3.5% abv beer 125ml glass of 9% abv wine 25ml glass of 40% abv spirit

  8. How to calculate units Volume x ABV divided by 1000 Example 330ml bottle of 5% abv beer. 330x5 = 1650/1000 = 1.65 units. For safety always round up = 2 units

  9. The Law Breath 35ug (microgrammes) Blood 80mg (milligrams) Urine 107mg (milligrams)

  10. The Reality Driving at the British legal limit can make a driver up to 5 times likelier to crash Even small amounts of alcohol can double the risk of crashing The legal limit is not necessarily the safe limit Highest limit in Europe

  11. The Effects 1 unit of alcohol = 7ug of breath (Maybe!) HOWEVER Mood Gender Size Food Fitness Topping up Medication

  12. The effect If 7ug breath = unit 5 units = 35ug limit Large Adult Male 5 units = 65/80 blood 5 units = 112/80 blood Small Adult Female

  13. The morning after Friday night drinks from 9pm to Midnight Drinks 5 pints of 4.2% abv Lager and 2 double Jack Daniels In bed by 12.30

  14. The morning after When would you be happy for this pupil to drive your car?

  15. The morning after Lager = 12.5 units Jack Daniels = 4 units 16.5 units = 16.5 hours approx. to leave body Alcohol free 1.30pm next day

  16. Warning There are no hard and fast rules for calculating alcohol elimination Drink driving offences stay on your licence for 11 years (10 years for re-offending) Banned for at least 1 year first offence On the CRB register and PNC number for 5 years (in most cases)

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