World War II in Europe: The Invasion of the USSR and American Involvement
Hitler's plans to invade the USSR starting in 1940, the invasion through the Balkans, Operation Barbarossa in 1941, the challenges faced by German troops, the siege of Leningrad, the US providing aid to its allies, and the Atlantic Charter amid German submarine attacks.
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Presentation Transcript
Hitler begins planning to invade the USSR as early as the summer of 1940 Balkan countries of south-eastern Europe were key to Hitler s invasion plan Wanted to build bases in southeastern Europe for his attack wanted to make sure Britain did not interfere Moves influence to the Balkans By early 1941, through threat of force, persuaded Bulgaria, Romania and Hungary to join the Axis Powers Greece and Yugoslavia both resisted but would later fall within days SETTING UP RUSSIA
Operation Barbarossa- June 22, 1941 Soviets unprepared largest army in the world but troops were not well equipped or well trained Invasion went on and on until German troops pushed 500 miles into the Soviet Union As they retreated, burned and destroyed everything in the enemy s path Sound familiar??? By November Leningrad was cut off from the rest of the Soviet Union INVASION OF RUSSIA
To force a surrender Hitler was ready to starve more than 2.5 million living in Leningrad German bombing destroyed warehouses where food was stored resulting in people eating cattle and horse food among other things Yet, the city refuses to crumble causing Hitler to look at Moscow- the capital and heart of the Soviet Union October 2, 1941 Nazi make their way and by December advanced to the outskirts Downfall: temperature dropping + Nazi s in summer uniform= Nazi retreating Result: Hitler ordering No retreat! -held the line against the Soviets until March 1943 -gained nothing but cost and 500,000 German lives
Felt they should not get involved UNITED STATES AIDS ITS ALLIES Between 1935 and 1937 Congress passes Neutrality Acts- making it illegal to sell arms or lend money to nations at war Lend-Lease Act passed in March 1941, the President could lend or lease arms and other supplies to any country vital to the US. US ships escorting British ships carrying US arms causing Hitler to order his submarines to sink any cargo ship they met
ATLANTIC CHARTER & GERMAN SUBMARINES Roosevelt & Churchill issued a joint declaration Upheld free trade among the nations and the right of people to choose their own government Would later serve as the Allies peace plan at the end of WWII September 4 German U-Boat fired on a US destroyer Roosevelt ordered navy commanders to shoot German submarines on sight ***US was now involved in an UNDELCARED naval war with Hitler
JAPANS ATTACKS MANCHURIA AND BECOMING IMPERIALISTIC Imperialism- a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force Japan s military leaders had dreams of an empire Planned a pacific empire- China Manchuria- Rich in iron and coal Provide Japan with raw materials and markets for goods
