Understanding Stress: Types, Management, and Sources

 
S
T
R
E
S
S
 
&
 
S
T
R
E
S
S
M
A
N
A
G
E
M
E
N
T
 
H
ISTORY
 
A key 
to 
the understanding of the negative
aspects of stress 
is 
the concept of 
milieu
interieur 
(the internal environment of the body),
which was first 
advanced by the French
physiologist Claude
 
Bernard.
 
He described 
it 
as 
external changes 
in the
environment or 
external 
forces that change
the 
internal 
balance must 
be 
reacted to 
and
compensated 
for if the organism is to
survive.
 
S
TRESS
: 
W
HAT 
IS
 
IT
?
 
Although we all talk about stress, 
it 
often 
isn’t
clear what stress 
is 
really
 
about.
 
Many people consider stress 
to 
be something
that 
happens 
to 
them, as a negative event such
as an 
injury 
or a job loss. Others 
think 
that
stress 
is 
what happens 
to 
our 
body, 
mind, and
behavior 
in 
response 
to 
an event 
(E.g. 
heart
thumping, 
anxiety, 
or nail
 
biting).
 
S
TRESS
 
&
 
S
TRES
S
OR
 
S
t
r
e
s
s
 
:
 
A
 
p
e
r
s
o
n
s
 
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
 
t
o
 
e
v
e
n
t
s
 
t
h
a
t
a
r
e
t
h
r
e
a
t
e
n
i
n
g
o
r
c
h
a
l
l
e
n
g
i
n
g
.
 
S
t
r
e
s
s
o
r
 
:
 
A
 
s
t
i
m
u
l
u
s
 
t
h
a
t
 
c
a
u
s
e
s
 
s
t
r
e
s
s
 
S
TRESS
 
&
 
S
TRES
S
OR
 
“Its 
not 
stress that 
kills us, it is our reaction
to
 it.”
Hans
 
Selye
 
S
OURCES OF
 
S
TRESS
 
E
USTRESS
: G
OOD
 
S
TRESS
 
Getting into
 
college.
 
Getting
 
engaged.
 
Winning 
the
 
lottery.
 
D
ISTRESS
: S
TRESS 
F
ROM 
B
AD
 
S
OURCES
 
Difficult 
work
 
environment.
 
Threat of 
personal
 
injury.
 
Diseases.
 
C
ATEGORIZING
 
S
TRESSORS
 
There are three general types of
 
stressors:
 
C
a
t
a
c
l
y
s
m
i
c
e
v
e
n
t
s
:
S
t
r
o
n
g
s
t
r
e
s
s
o
r
s
t
h
a
t
s
u
d
d
e
n
l
y
a
n
d
t
y
p
i
c
a
l
l
y
a
f
f
e
c
t
m
a
n
y
p
e
o
p
l
e
a
t
(
e
.
g
.
,
 
n
a
t
u
r
a
l
 
d
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
s
)
.
 
o
c
c
u
r
on
c
e
 
P
e
r
s
o
n
a
l
 
s
t
r
e
s
s
o
r
s
:
 
M
a
j
o
r
 
l
i
f
e
 
e
v
e
n
t
s
,
 
s
u
c
h
 
a
s
 
t
h
e
d
e
a
t
h
 
o
f
 
a
 
f
a
m
i
l
y
 
m
e
m
b
e
r
,
 
t
h
a
t
 
h
a
v
e
 
i
m
m
e
d
i
a
t
e
 
n
e
g
a
t
i
v
e
c
o
n
s
e
q
u
e
n
c
e
s
 
t
h
a
t
 
g
e
n
e
r
a
l
l
y
 
f
a
d
e
 
w
i
t
h
 
t
i
m
e
.
 
B
a
c
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
 
s
t
r
e
s
s
o
r
s
:
 
E
v
e
r
y
d
a
y
 
a
n
n
o
y
a
n
c
e
s
,
 
s
u
c
h
a
s
 
b
e
i
n
g
 
s
t
u
c
k
 
i
n
 
t
r
a
f
f
i
c
,
 
t
h
a
t
 
c
a
u
s
e
 
m
i
n
o
r
 
i
r
r
i
t
a
t
i
o
n
s
 
a
n
d
m
a
y
 
h
a
v
e
 
l
o
n
g
-
t
e
r
m
 
i
l
l
 
e
f
f
e
c
t
s
 
i
f
 
t
h
e
y
 
c
o
n
t
i
n
u
e
 
o
r
 
a
r
e
c
o
m
p
o
u
n
d
e
d
 
b
y
 
o
t
h
e
r
 
s
t
r
e
s
s
f
u
l
 
e
v
e
n
t
s
.
 
T
HE 
G
ENERAL 
A
DAPTATION
 
S
YNDROME
 
A 
theory 
developed 
by Selye 
that 
suggests 
that 
a
person’s 
response 
to 
a stressor consists of three
stages: alarm and mobilization, resistance, 
and
exhaustion.
 
S
t
a
g
e
 
I
 
 
A
l
a
r
m
 
&
 
M
o
b
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
:
The “fight or flight” response which causes you 
to
be ready 
for 
physical
 
activity.
 
S
t
a
g
e
 
I
I
 
 
R
e
s
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
:
If stress 
continues, 
the 
body adapts 
to 
the
 
stressors
it 
is being exposed
 
to.
 
S
t
a
g
e
 
I
I
I
 
 
E
x
h
a
u
s
t
i
o
n
:
Stress 
continues 
to 
exist 
for 
a long
 
time.
 
T
HE 
G
ENERAL 
A
DAPTATION
 
S
YNDROME
 
T
HE 
G
ENERAL 
A
DAPTATION
 
S
YNDROME
 
Stressor
 
Meeting and
resisting
 
stressor.
 
Coping 
with
 
stress
and resistance to
stressor.
 
Negative
 
consequ-
-ences 
of stress
(such as illness)
occur 
when
 
coping
is
 
inadequate.
 
C
OPING WITH
 
S
TRESS
 
E
f
fo
r
ts
 
to
 
co
n
tro
l
,
 
r
e
d
u
ce,
 
o
r
 
l
e
arn
 
to
 
tol
e
rate
 
the
threats that 
lead 
to stress 
are known as
 
coping.
 
We 
habitually 
use certain 
coping 
responses 
to 
deal
with
 
stress.
 
S
TEPS 
T
O 
M
ANAGING
 
S
TRESS
 
S
t
e
p
 
1
:
 
I
d
e
n
t
i
f
y
 
i
f
 
y
o
u
 
a
r
e
 
s
t
r
e
s
s
e
d
.
 
S
t
e
p
 
2
:
 
I
d
e
n
t
i
f
y
 
t
h
e
 
s
t
r
e
s
s
o
r
.
 
S
TEPS 
T
O 
M
ANAGING
 
S
TRESS
 
S
t
e
p
 
3
:
 
I
d
e
n
t
i
f
y
 
t
h
e
 
r
e
a
s
o
n
 
f
o
r
 
t
h
e
 
s
t
r
e
s
s
o
r
.
 
S
TEPS 
T
O 
M
ANAGING
 
S
TRESS
 
S
t
e
p
 
4
:
 
S
e
l
e
c
t
 
a
n
 
a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
e
 
s
t
r
e
s
s
 
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
s
t
r
a
t
e
g
y
 
a
n
d
 
a
p
p
l
y
 
i
t
.
 
S
TEPS 
T
O 
M
ANAGING
 
S
TRESS
 
S
TEPS 
T
O 
M
ANAGING
 
S
TRESS
 
S
t
e
p
 
5
:
 
E
v
a
l
u
a
t
e
.
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Stress is a complex phenomenon affecting individuals differently. It is crucial to comprehend stress, its sources, and how to manage it effectively. Claude Bernard's concept of the internal environment sheds light on the negative aspects of stress. Stress can be categorized into eustress (good stress) and distress (stress from bad sources), with three general types of stressors impacting individuals. Recognizing the difference between stress and stressors is essential for maintaining well-being and resilience.


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  1. STRESS & STRESS MANAGEMENT

  2. HISTORY A key to the understanding of the negative aspects of stress is the concept of milieu interieur (the internal environment of the body), which was first advanced by physiologist Claude Bernard. the French He described it as external changes in the environment or external forces that change the internal balance must be reacted to and compensated for if the organism is to survive.

  3. STRESS: WHAT IS IT? Although we all talk about stress, it often isn t clear what stress is really about. Many people consider stress to be something that happens to them, as a negative event such as an injury or a job loss. Others think that stress is what happens to our body, mind, and behavior in response to an event (E.g. heart thumping, anxiety, or nail biting).

  4. STRESS & STRESSOR Stress : A person s response to events that are threatening or challenging. Stressor : A stimulus that causesstress

  5. STRESS & STRESSOR Its not stress that kills us, it is our reaction to it. Hans Selye

  6. SOURCES OF STRESS

  7. EUSTRESS: GOOD STRESS Getting into college. Getting engaged. Winning the lottery.

  8. DISTRESS: STRESS FROM BAD SOURCES Difficult work environment. Threat of personal injury. Diseases.

  9. CATEGORIZING STRESSORS There are three general types of stressors: occur once Strong stressors that Cataclysmic suddenly and typically affect many people at (e.g., natural disasters). events: Personal stressors: Major life events, such as the death of a family member, that have immediate negative consequences that generally fade with time. Background stressors: Everyday annoyances, such as being stuck in traffic, that cause minor irritations and may have long-term ill effects if they continue or are compounded by other stressful events.

  10. THE GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME A theory developed by Selye that suggests that a person s response to a stressor consists of three stages: alarm and mobilization, resistance, and exhaustion. Stage I Alarm & Mobilization: The fight or flight response which causes you to be ready for physical activity.

  11. THE GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME Stage II Resistance: If stress continues, the body adapts to the stressors it is being exposed to. Stage III Exhaustion: Stress continues to exist for a long time.

  12. THE GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME Stressor Meeting and resisting stressor. Coping with stress and resistance to stressor. Negative consequ- -ences of stress (such as illness) occur when coping is inadequate.

  13. COPING WITH STRESS Efforts to control, reduce, or learn to tolerate the threats that lead to stress are known as coping. We habitually use certain coping responses to deal with stress.

  14. STEPS TO MANAGING STRESS Step 1: Identify if you are stressed.

  15. STEPS TO MANAGING STRESS Step 2: Identify the stressor.

  16. STEPS TO MANAGING STRESS Step 3: Identify the reason for the stressor.

  17. STEPS TO MANAGING STRESS Step 4: Select an appropriate stress management strategy and apply it.

  18. STEPS TO MANAGING STRESS Step 5: Evaluate.

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